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1.
Bioengineering (Basel) ; 10(7)2023 Jun 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37508798

ABSTRACT

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide, with a prevalence of 200 millions of cases worldwide. Motor disability is presented in 80% of patients. In this context, physical rehabilitation plays a fundamental role for gradually recovery of mobility. In this work, we designed a robotic hand exoskeleton to support rehabilitation of patients after a stroke episode. The system acquires electromyographic (EMG) signals in the forearm, and automatically estimates the movement intention for five gestures. Subsequently, we developed a predictive adaptive control of the exoskeleton to compensate for three different levels of muscle fatigue during the rehabilitation therapy exercises. The proposed system could be used to assist the rehabilitation therapy of the patients by providing a repetitive, intense, and adaptive assistance.

2.
Rev. MED ; 17(1): 75-80, ene. 2009.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-668349

ABSTRACT

La psicoterapia permanece como una opción de tratamiento vigente en diversos tipos de trastornos psiquiátricos. Aunque su efectividad ha sido ampliamente demostrada desde hace mas de dos décadas, los mecanismo biológicos mediante los cuales ejerce un efecto sobre el funcionamiento cerebral del paciente y su comportamiento, continúan siendo desconocidos. En este artículo se revisan los posibles mecanismos que median su efecto sobre el funcionamiento cerebral, entre ellos las bases celulares y moleculares de la memoria, las modificaciones en los sistemas neurotransmisores y la plasticidad sináptica. La revisión de la evidencia acumulada permite sugerir que la psicoterapia ejerce un efecto neurofisiológico al mismo nivel de los fármacos con acción psicotrópica, no obstante, diferencias en especificidad regional y de sistema blanco pueden explicar las diferencias que se observan entre estas dos formas de tratamiento...


Psychotherapy remains an effective option in the treatment of diverse types of psychiatric disorders. Although its effectiveness has been widely demonstrated for more than two decades, the biological mechanisms by means of which it exerts an effect over the brain function and the patient's behavior, continues to be unknown. In this article we review the possible mechanisms that mediate its effect on the brain function, among them the cellular and molecular bases of memory, the modifications in the neurotransmitter systems and the synaptic plasticity. The review of the accumulated evidence allows us to suggest that psychotherapy exerts a neurophysiologic effect at the same level of psychotropic drugs; however, differences in regional specificity and of the white system may explain the differences that are observed between these two forms of treatment...


A psicoterapia permanece como uma opção vigente de tratamento em tipos diversos de transtornos psiquiátricos. Embora sua eficácia seja demonstrada extensamente por mais de duas décadas, o mecanismo biológico por meio de qual exerce um efeito na função cerebral do paciente e de seu comportamento, continua sendo desconhecido. Neste artigo são revistos os possíveis mecanismos que mediam seu efeito na função cerebral, entre eles as bases celulares e moleculares da memória, as modificações nos sistemas neurotransmissores e a plasticidade sináptica. A revisão da evidência acumulada permite sugerir que a psicoterapia exerce um efeito neurofisiológico ao mesmo nível que os fármacos com ação psicotrópica, entretanto, diferenças em especificidade regional e do sistema branco podem explicar as diferenças que são observadas entre estas dois formas do tratamento...


Subject(s)
Humans , Learning , Memory , Neuronal Plasticity , Psychotherapy
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