ABSTRACT
Powder patterns and sideband patterns have different strengths when it comes to using them to determine chemical shift parameters. Here, we show that chemical shift parameters can be determined with high accuracy by analysing the correlation pattern from a 2D experiment which correlates a powder pattern in the indirect dimension with a sideband pattern in the direct dimension. The chemical shift parameters so determined have greater accuracy than those obtained by analysing a sideband or powder pattern alone, for the same signal-to-noise ratio. This method can be applied for both resolved correlation patterns and to cases where two components share similar isotropic chemical shifts. The methodology is demonstrated in this paper, both theoretically and experimentally, on the (31)P signals of the bis-phosphonate drug, pamidronate.
Subject(s)
Diphosphonates/analysis , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/standards , Models, Molecular , Molecular Structure , Pamidronate , Phosphorus Isotopes , Reference Standards , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
During the last three years an integrated initiative has evolved in the casualty units of nine community hospitals in the Grampian region of Scotland. This has involved the development of nurse-led treatments for minor injuries based on a large number of assessment/treatment protocols. This paper describes how this change was used as an opportunity to initiate audit within clinical practice. Methods of auditing the use of the new protocols are detailed and baseline results are reported and discussed. In this way it is hoped that nurses involved in similar developments can learn from the strengths and weaknesses of this initiative.
Subject(s)
Clinical Protocols , Guideline Adherence , Nursing Audit/methods , Wounds and Injuries/nursing , Humans , Nursing Audit/organization & administration , Nursing Records , ScotlandABSTRACT
An outbreak of infection due to Streptococcus zooepidemicus (Lancefield Group C) is described. At least 11 patients were affected and the infection was responsible for, or contributed to, the deaths of seven of these. Clinical features included septicaemia, meningitis and endocarditis. The source of infection was unpasteurized milk from a dairy herd with mild intermittent mastitis.
