ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of CT in detecting mandibular invasion by squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-nine patients who had squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity that was clinically fixed to the mandible were treated with mandibulectomy. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT (contiguous 3-mm-thick sections) through the primary site before surgery. All studies were reconstructed with bone algorithm. These studies were retrospectively reviewed by a neuroradiologist for evidence of mandibular invasion. The imaging results were compared with the histologic findings in all cases. RESULTS: CT correctly revealed 25 of 26 cases with mandibular invasion. CT correctly excluded mandibular invasion in 20 of 23 cases without invasion. The diagnostic accuracy of CT for detecting mandibular invasion was as follows: sensitivity, 96%; specificity, 87%; positive predictive value, 89%; and negative predictive value, 95%. CONCLUSION: Thin-section (3-mm) CT reconstructed with bone algorithm is an accurate technique to detect mandibular involvement by squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging , Mandibular Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
1. Seizure threshold is an important variable in modern ECT treatment planning. To date, age, gender, and electrode placement have been used to predict seizure threshold, but the potential impact of ethnicity has received little attention. 2. In a retrospective pilot study of patients who received ECT, 20 pairs of first admission, right unilateral-treated, age- and sex-matched black and white patients were compared. 3. Black patients had higher seizure thresholds and were more likely to require restimulation, despite the finding that they were more likely to have been receiving concomitant medications which lower seizure threshold. However, ethnicity was confounded with variations in ECT dose titration, which were the strongest predictor of seizure threshold. 4. There were no differences in seizure length. Further study is necessary to confirm the impact of ethnicity on seizure threshold.
