Chemical and heating treatments of ionic monolayer-protected clusters (IMPCs) with different surface counter anions.

This paper shows an in-depth study on the chemical and thermal responses of two ionic monolayer-protected gold clusters (Oct(4)N(+-)Br- and Oct(4)N(+-)O(3)SS-IMPCs). Two IMPCs displayed completely different phase-transfer behaviors when the solutions were in contact with the aqueous solution containing N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)glycine (tiopronin). Not Oct(4)N(+-)O(3)SS-IMPCs but Oct(4)N(+-)Br-IMPCs experienced a facile phase transfer from the organic layer to the aqueous layer, which was resulted from the displacement of ionic ligands by tiopronin monolayers on the gold nanoparticle surface. When the toluene solution containing Oct(4)N(+-)Br-IMPCs was treated with the aqueous solution containing NaCl salts, the UV-vis spectrum of the solution containing Oct(4)N(+-)Br-IMPCs undertook a fast spectral evolution caused by decomposition/agglomeration of IMPCs. In contrast, Oct(4)N(+-)O(3)SS-IMPCs exhibited much higher stability against the NaCl treatments. The Oct(4)N(+-)O(3)SS-IMPCs also displayed a superior thermal stability at relatively high temperature of approximately 110 degrees C. Core size evolutions of Oct(4)N(+-)O(3)SS-IMPCs without a fast decomposition or aggregation of clusters were also observed during solid-state heating treatments at approximately 150 and approximately 200 degrees C. These results support that the presence of different anions clearly affect the overall stability of ionic nanoparticles. The stronger binding property of thiosulfate anions compared to bromide anions with gold nanoparticle surfaces makes Oct(4)N(+-)O(3)SS-IMPCs chemically more inert and thermally more stable.

Synthesis of tetraoctylammonium-protected gold nanoparticles with improved stability.

This paper shows that an introduction of thiosulfate anions in place of bromide anions greatly improves both chemical and thermal stability of tetraoctylammonium-protected gold nanoparticles. Tetraoctylammonium thiosulfate [(Oct)4N+-O3SS]-protected gold nanoparticles are synthesized by the reduction of (Oct)4N+-AuCl4 to Au(I)-SSO3-, followed by the addition of sodium borohydride. The presence of thiosulfate anions instead of bromide anions on the surface of gold nanoparticles results in a significant dampening of the surface plasmon band of gold at 526 nm due to the strong interaction between thiosulfate and the gold nanoparticle surface. Cyanide decomposition and heating treatment studies suggest that (Oct)4N+-O3SS-protected nanoparticles have much higher overall stability compared to (Oct)4N+-Br-protected gold nanoparticles.