[Use of ospen (a drug form of phenoxymethylpenicillin) in pediatric practice]. / Primenenie ospena (lekarstvennoi formy fenoksimetilpenitsillina) v pediatricheskoi praktike.

Ospen is a dosage form of phenoxymethylpenicilin. As a therapeutic and prophylactic agent it was shown efficient in treatment of patients with diseases of the otorhinolaryngological organs due to primary and secondary coccal infections. High antiinflammatory activity of ospen was observed in acute and aggravated chronic tonsillitis, otitis, sinusitis and acute respiratory virus infections as well as in prevention of complications after adenotonsillectomy and various manipulations connected with penetration into the inner cavities. Ospen was highly active as a prophylactic agent against hospital respiratory infections. It prevented its distribution and aggravation of the main diseases. Adverse reactions to the use of ospen were minimal and no toxic manifestations were recorded.

[The evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of auranofin in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (the results of Soviet-American research)]. / Otsenka terapevticheskoi éffektivnosti auranofina pri iuvenil'nom revmatoidnom artrite (rezul'taty sovetsko-amerikanskogo issledovaniia).

The authors describe the results of prospective multicenter Soviet-American placebo-controlled 6-month investigations concerned with assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of auranofin in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). 231 patients with JRA were placed under observation. Auranofin was found to be slightly superior to placebo. The drug was tolerated well. It is noted that in the treatment of JRA, of importance are long (6-month) courses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

[Autonomic and visceral disorders in perinatal encephalopathy]. / Vegetovistseral'nye narusheniia pri perinatal'noi éntsefalopatii.

The prevalence of perinatal encephalopathy is shown to be significantly increased. This pathology is associated with involvement of the brain and spinal cord and the whole organism with subsequent development of cerebral dysfunction and somatic disease. Medicamentous therapy is aimed at improving the trophics of the damaged tissues and elimination of edema. The role played by the district pediatrician in the follow-up of children with the discussed disease is considered to be of special significance.

[Ultrasonography in differential diagnosis of recurrent abdominal pain in children]. / Ekhografiia v differentsial'noi diagnostike retsidiviruiushchikh bolei v zhivote v detskom vozraste.

The authors relate the data obtained during echographic examination of 863 children suffering from gastric pains. Proceeding from the clinical and laboratory data the early topical diagnosis of the causes of the painful syndrome was impeded. Use was made of ultrasonography of the gallbladder along with its function estimation, of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts as well as of the liver and pancreas. A study was made of correlations between the echographic signs of the microscopic and biochemical indicators of the bile and the status of the duodenal mucosa (according to esophagogastroduodenoscopy). The data obtained demonstrate great potentialities of echography in differential diagnosis of gastric pains in children.

[Evolution and current characteristics of the clinical picture and course of systemic lupus erythematosus in children]. / Evoliutsiia i sovremennye osobennosti kliniki i techeniia sistemnoi krasnoi volchanki u detei.

Altogether 506 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) aged one to fifteen years were observed from 1961 to 1985 at the clinic of child's diseases of the I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical Institute. The disease was noted to undergo evolution during 25 years. The clinical picture and the course of SLE in children were elucidated. It is shown that the disease activity and acuity lessened while the patients' survival increased. The clinical picture became less marked. The rate of the signs characteristic of SLE (Libman-Sacks endocarditis, the nephrotic syndrome, severe lesions of the nervous system, exudative pleurisy and pericarditis) also reduced. The characteristics thus revealed should be taken into consideration in the diagnosis and treatment of SLE.

[Preliminary results of studying the effectiveness of hemosorption in the complex treatment of children with lupus nephritis]. / Predvaritel'nye rezul'taty izucheniia éffektivnosti gemosorbtsii v kompleksnom lechenii detei s volchanochnym nefritom.

Hemosorption was employed in multi-modality treatment of 12 children aged 10-15 years with lupus nephritis. Of these, 5 patients suffered from nephritis associated with the nephrotic syndrome (NS), 4 patients had active pronounced nephritis without the NS, and 3 patients presented with latent nephritis. One case was characterized by transitory renal failure in the acute phase while 3 cases by chronic renal failure. Hemosorption produced a beneficial effect on the renal process and on electrolyte balance. The long-term observation over the patients evidences a short-term effect of hemosorption. After the attainment of that effect the further disease course depended on the adequacy of the conservative therapy administered to the patients with lupus nephritis.

Main manifestations of carditis in diffuse connective tissue diseases in children.

238 children with diffuse connective tissue diseases were clinically examined with the use of echography. The presence was documented of characteristic morphofunctional changes in the heart in collagen diseases. Characteristic haemodynamic changes (predominantly contraction disturbances in systemic lupus erythematodes and dermatomyositis, and relaxation disturbances in systemic scleroderma) were identified.