ABSTRACT
Respiratory gated VMAT (volumetric modulated arc therapy) repeats rapid stop and go operations of a MLC (multileaf collimator) by turning the beam on and off by respiratory gating. The rapid stop and go operations of the MLC during respiratory gated irradiation may induce position error of the MLC and may affect output error and dose distribution. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the MLC position accuracy of the respiratory gated VMAT and the VMAT parameters. In the method, 1 arc, 2 arcs, and 4 arcs plan were created for the virtual target and irradiation was performed without the gated respiration and with the gated respiration. The respiratory gated system used a RPM (real-time position management system). The MLC position error, gap size error, and the MLC leaf speed were calculated from a log-file. In the histogram of the gap size error, the frequency of falling within the error range up to 0.2 mm was about 12 percentage points higher for the gated respiration. The MLC position error increased with increasing the MLC leaf speed. The correlation coefficient between the MLC leaf speed and the MLC position error exceeded 0.96, showing a strong correlation. Dose rate of VMAT parameters decreased with increasing arc number with the gated respiration and without the gated respiration. Gated irradiation was temporarily stopped, and it decreased by about 27% with respect to the dose rate without the gated respiration. The gantry rotation speed repeated the stop and re-rotation operations when gated irradiation was performed. For all arcs, the rotation speed decreased by about 30% compared with the rotation speed without the gated respiration. The pass rate of gamma analysis for each arc plan was about 95%. No effect on gated irradiation dose distribution was observed. Respiratory gated irradiation reduced dose rate change and gantry rotation speed of the VMAT. Reduction of the MLC leaf speed occurred, and the MLC position error and gap size error decreased. The MLC positional accuracy was secured, and it was confirmed that there was no effect on dose distribution by the respiratory gated VMAT.
