ABSTRACT
The most common translocation in multiple myeloma (MM) is t(11;14)(q13;q32). According to several studies, this translocation represents a unique subset of patients with relatively favorable outcomes. Using combined analyses of morphology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (I-FISH), we examined the co-occurrence rates of t(11;14) with seven chromosomal aberrations (CAs), del(13q), del(17p), del(1p), gain(1q), multiple gains(1q), del(16q), and del(IGH), and assessed the effect of the different combinations on patient outcomes, with overall survival (OS) as the main outcome measure. Bone marrow samples and clinical data from 212 patients with MM with t(11;14) were analyzed. At least two additional CAs were found in 35% (75/205) of patients and a strong correlation between specific CAs. The occurrence of three CAs [multiple gains of (1q) (HR = 6.94, P = 0.001), del(1p) (HR = 4.47, P = 0.008), and del(IGH) (HR = 2.38, P = 0.002)] exerted a profoundly deleterious effect on median OS when compared with patients with t(11;14) only. Del(17p) and del(13q) have also exerted a deleterious effect albeit to a lesser extent (HR = 2.05, P = 0.07 and HR = 1.81, P = 0.03, respectively). When compared with t(11;14) alone, the addition of certain CAs lead to worse outcomes. These findings may have important clinical and biological implications. Patients with coexisting adverse lesions and t(11;14) may be considered at high risk and managed accordingly. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Subject(s)
Chromosome Aberrations , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/genetics , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14/genetics , Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis , Multiple Myeloma/genetics , Translocation, Genetic/genetics , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Marrow/pathology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Survival RateABSTRACT
The TEL/AML1 (ETV6/RUNX1) fusion gene is the most common genetic rearrangement in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Although considered to be a low-risk leukaemia, it is associated with a relapse rate of 10-20%. The coexistence of different subclones at diagnosis, based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies of IG/TCR gene rearrangement, with differential response to chemotherapy, was recently reported in this subtype of ALL. We wished to demonstrate such subclones at diagnosis by a recently developed technique of quantitative multiparametric fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Bone marrow cells from 80 paediatric patients with ALL at diagnosis were analysed for the presence of the TEL/AML1 fusion gene by interphase FISH. Fourteen patients were positive for the translocation. Four of them had several subclones associated with various combinations of additional chromosomal abnormalities. The most striking was an atypical and unexpected hybridization pattern consistent with a submicroscopic deletion of the 5' region of the AML1 breakpoint. Other abnormalities included TEL deletion, trisomy and tetrasomy 21 as well as double TEL-AML1 fusion. The presence of numerous subclones in about 25% of patients with TEL/AML1+ ALL suggests extensive clonal evolution by the time of diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow Cells , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics , Child, Preschool , Cloning, Molecular , Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit , Female , Gene Deletion , Gene Rearrangement , Genetic Markers , Humans , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods , Infant , Interphase , Male , PrognosisABSTRACT
Deletion of chromosome 13q is believed to be an adverse prognostic marker in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (I-FISH) is the method of choice for detection of chromosome 13q deletion (del13q). However, I-FISH has high false-positive rates attributed to a low percentage of plasma cells (PC), which are responsible for MM, in bone marrow (BM) samples from MM patients. In an attempt to overcome this problem, combined morphologic and I-FISH analyses were performed by a unique system that allows rapid automatic scanning of a large number of cells with simultaneous determination of the lineage of specific cells carrying del13q. The percentage of PC with del13q in BM samples from 40 MM patients was calculated. In addition, we established a useful prognostic ratio defined as the number of PC with del13q divided by the number of non-PC with del13q (PDP/PDNP), which may help to precisely define the putative role of del13q in prediction response of MM patients to new therapeutic compounds. We suggest this technique as a novel sensitive and specific method for detection of del13q in a minor PC population of MM patients.
