ABSTRACT
An alkali-extractable polysaccharide (1) was isolated from the seeds of Retama raetam ssp. gussonei. Its composition and linkage determination have been investigated using component analysis, methylation analysis, hydrolysis studies, and NMR spectroscopic analysis. This was shown to contain d-xylose, d-glucose, and 4-O-methyl-d-glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 7:2:1 and consisted of a backbone of beta-(1-->4)-linked d-xylopyranosyl residues, having branches of alpha-d-glucopyranosyl residues that contain (1-->2)-linkages and 4-O-methyl-alpha-d-glucopyranosyluronic acid at O-2. This is the first report on the isolation of an alkali-extractable polysaccharide from this plant.
Subject(s)
Fabaceae/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Polysaccharides/chemistry , Polysaccharides/isolation & purification , Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases/metabolism , Seeds/chemistry , Trichoderma/enzymologyABSTRACT
The cell wall polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis were obtained from the fresh samples of the mycelia, the material was released by successive extractions with hot water and 0.05 M sodium hydroxide solutions. The extracts were fractionated by ion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography, respectively. Analysis of the first fraction showed that cordyglucans were the unique component. Cordyglucans were found to exhibit potent antitumor activity, this activity could be correlated to their (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan linkages.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Cordyceps , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use , Cell Line, Tumor/drug effects , Female , Glucans/administration & dosage , Glucans/pharmacology , Glucans/therapeutic use , Mice , Mice, Inbred ICR , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Beta-glucan with antitumor activities was isolated from Libyan dates, and the structure of the purified glucan was characterized using methods such as methylation, periodate oxidation, and acetolysis. Glucans were found to exhibit potent antitumor activity; this activity could be correlated to their (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan linkages. Such antitumor glucans have also been obtained from a number of other sources, such as yeast, fungi, bacteria, and plants. This is the first study to report antitumor activity for date glucan.
Subject(s)
Arecaceae/chemistry , Fruit/chemistry , Glucans/therapeutic use , Phytotherapy , Sarcoma 180/drug therapy , Animals , Carbohydrate Conformation , Carbohydrate Sequence , Female , Glucans/chemistry , Libya , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , Neoplasm TransplantationABSTRACT
A series of impurities, which were all of the same molecular formula, C17H33NO7, were obtained in the process of voglibose synthesis. After isolation and purification, four isomeric cyclitols were completely assigned by 2D NMR experiments. One of the compounds was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis as 5,6-dideoxy-5-{[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]amino}-1-C-(methoxycyclohexylmethyl)-D-epi-inositol.
Subject(s)
Inositol/analogs & derivatives , Inositol/chemistry , Inositol/chemical synthesis , Carbohydrate Conformation , Inositol/isolation & purification , Models, Molecular , Molecular Weight , Stereoisomerism , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
Alkali-soluble polysaccharides, isolated from the seeds of dates, have been investigated using methylation and partial hydrolysis studies. The polysaccharides are shown to contain D-xylose and 4-O-methyl-D-glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 5:1. An aldobiouronic acid from hemicellulose was characterized, and investigation revealed that the hemicellulose consists of a polymer of (1-->4)-linked D-xylopranosyl residues having branches of D-xylopyranosyl and 4-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid.
Subject(s)
Arecaceae/chemistry , Seeds/chemistry , Xylans/chemistry , Xylans/isolation & purification , Alkalies/chemistry , Carbohydrate Sequence , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hydrolysis , Methylation , Molecular Sequence Data , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Polysaccharides/chemistry , SolubilityABSTRACT
Polysaccharides extracted from Libyan dates with hot water and 0.05 M NaOH were fractionated and purified by ion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. According to the methylation and hydrolysis analyses, the results indicate the D-glucan to be linear and to contain both (1-->3)- and (1-->4)-linkages. The anomeric NMR measurements confirm that the sugar residues are beta-glycosidically linked. This is the first report on the isolation of a neutral beta-D-glucan from dates.
