ABSTRACT
Pt-free cathode catalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells have been prepared by multi-step pyrolysis of FePc and PhRs, in the best of which show extensively high initial cell performance and good durability compared to other present precious-metal-free cathode catalysts to date.
Subject(s)
Electric Power Supplies , Ferrous Compounds/chemistry , Indoles/chemistry , Phenols/chemistry , Catalysis , Electrodes , Electrolytes/chemistry , Isoindoles , Membranes, Artificial , Particle Size , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
A novel type of high-pressure membrane reactor has been developed for hydrogenation in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)). The main objectives of the design of the reactor are the separate feeding of hydrogen and substrate in scCO(2) for safe reactions in a continuous flow process, and to reduce the reaction time. By using this new reactor, hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde into hydrocinnamaldehyde has been successfully carried out with 100% selectivity at 50 degrees C in 10 MPa (H(2): 1 MPa, CO(2): 9 MPa) with a flow rate of substrate ranging from 0.05 to 1.0 mL/min.
Subject(s)
Carbon Dioxide/chemistry , Acrolein/analogs & derivatives , Acrolein/chemistry , Catalysis , Hydrogen/chemistry , Hydrogenation , Nanostructures/chemistry , Nanostructures/ultrastructure , Porosity , Silicon Dioxide/chemistry , TemperatureABSTRACT
Stable Au nanoparticles in P123 aqueous solution using a simple method have been developed and the colloidal Au nanoparticles were successfully applied for the effective oxidation of various alcohols using molecular O2 as oxidant at 30 degrees C in aqueous solution.
