The effect of individual values on self-esteem and meaning in life in adolescents: A cross-sectional study from Turkey.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the effect of personal values on self-esteem and meaning in life in adolescents. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 404 adolescents in Turkey. The data were collected with the "Portrait Values Questionnaire" (PVQ), the "Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale" (RSE), and the "Meaning in Life Questionnaire" (MLQ) between September and December 2021. Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the data, and multivariate correlation and regression analyses were performed. The STROBE checklist was used for reporting. RESULTS: The mean PVQ score was 4.84 ± 0.59, indicating good individual values. The mean RSES score was 1.86 ± 0.62, showing moderate self-esteem. The mean MLQ score was 4.24 ± 1.17, indicating a moderate meaning in life. There was a positive relationship between the PVQ scores of the adolescents and their RSE and MLQ. PVQ was a positive predictor of RSE and MLQ in these adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that adolescents have good individual values, and moderate self-esteem and meaning in life. Individual values have a positive effect on adolescents' self-esteem and meaning in life. Future studies are expected to explore how personal values affect self-esteem and meaning in life in adolescents using longitudinal study data. Understanding how adolescents' personal values affect self-esteem and well-being can contribute to the development of further strategies to increase adolescents' self-esteem and happiness levels.

Complementary Health Approaches for the Symptoms of Pediatric Oncology Patients.

This study was conducted to determine the complementary health approaches (CHAs) used by pediatric oncology patients' parents for symptoms, their positive-negative effects, and the factors that influence their usage. The study was a descriptive design. The data were collected between March and November 2014 from the parents of 156 pediatric oncology patients in 2 different university hospitals in Turkey using the face-to-face interview method. In total, 99.4% of the parents who participated in the study used at least 1 CHA for their children. Complementary health approaches frequently adopted by the parents included praying (96.8%), oblation/sacrifice (50.6%), carob molasses (27.6%), grape molasses (22.4%), and massage (22.4%). Forty-three parents reported that they gave carob molasses to their children to reduce the symptoms of neutropenia, whereas 32 parents reported that they gave them grape molasses and 34 parents reported that they massaged their children to mitigate symptoms of pain. The parents reported that they used CHAs to enhance their child's immune system (61.3%), to do everything in their power to treat their child (42%), and to combat the side effects of medication/radiotherapy (25.8%). None of parents stated that they had observed any side effects from using CHAs. Almost all of the parents use one of the CHAs. The health personnel especially nurses should inform pediatric oncology patients and their parents about CHAs, which have no evidence and are potentially harmful and encourage them to approaches supportive to medical treatment.

The effect of a video-assisted operating room promotion program on the anxiety levels of parents and their children: A randomized controlled trial protocol.

PURPOSE: Anxiety experienced by parents is an important predictor of anxiety experienced by children. Different interventions are used to reduce the anxiety levels of children and their parents during the preoperative period. Apart from conventional training methods, watching videos about real-life operating rooms can reduce parents' and their children's anxiety levels. Children scheduled for surgery are likely to experience less anxiety if their parents experience less anxiety. A video-assisted operating room promotion program will develop for parents. This study will be aimed to evaluate the effect of the program on the anxiety levels of parents and children. DESIGN AND METHODS: This study protocol is a single-center, single-blind, pre-test, post-test, follow-up parallel group randomized controlled trial. This study protocol was prepared with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials guidelines and will adhere to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials Non-Pharmacologic Treatment Interventions checklist. A total of 100 eligible participants will be randomized into intervention and control groups. The intervention group will attend the program and receive standard care. CONCLUSION: If we obtain the expected results, we think that they will help healthcare professionals develop methods and strategies to reduce the anxiety levels of parents and children through content covering the pre-, peri-, and post-surgical processes. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The results will assist healthcare professionals in the management of pain and guide them in developing technology-based nursing interventions. Trial registration It was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov in January 2022 (NCT05186766).

Development of a conceptual framework for a Virtual Reality-based Seizure Management Education Program for Parents (VR-ESMEPP).

OBJECTIVE: Parents of children with epilepsy need support when managing epileptic seizures outside medical-care-center-settings. Previously developed training programs only provide information-based support. Therefore, within the scope of the VR-ESMEPP, a conceptual framework was developed in this study with the aim of developing parents' skills and motivation as well as providing them information regarding seizure management. METHODS: The conceptual framework of the VR-ESMEPP was developed in four steps. In step 1, a scenario was developed wherein a pediatric patient with epilepsy is having a seizure. The selected seizure type was "Focal to bilateral tonic-clonic" seizure, which is the most common and most skill-intensive type of tonic-clonic-seizure. In step 2, data collection tools related to epileptic seizure management were developed for parents. These tools included Child and Parent Introductory Form, Parental Information Assessment Form for Epileptic Seizure Management, and Parental Skills Assessment Form for Epileptic Seizure Management. In step 3, the conceptual framework and data collection tools developed were confirmed by a group of 10 specialists consisting of physicians and pediatric nurses working in the field of pediatric neurology. In step 4, the epileptic-pediatric-patient-scenario and data collection tools confirmed by experts were programmed into an application by a software company and integrated into virtual reality headsets. RESULTS: VR-ESMEPP with the conceptual framework described in the present study is a valid virtual reality-based program, which can be carried out under nurses' supervision and used to provide epilepsy-related education to parents. SIGNIFICANCE: VR-ESMEPP helped parents increase their knowledge and skills of epileptic seizure.

Evaluating workload and manpower planning among pediatric emergency department nurses in Turkey during COVID-19: A cross-sectional, multicenter study.

PURPOSE: Quality nursing care in pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) can be achieved only through sustained workload-based manpower planning. The purpose of this paper to evaluate perceptions of workload and manpower planning in the PED setting in Turkey from the nurses' point of view. DESIGN AND METHODS: This cross-sectional, multicenter study that was conducted among 187 nurses working in a PED setting in Turkey between June and September 2021. Data were collected using a questionnaire that measured nurses' perceptions of workload and manpower planning. The reporting of this study adhered to STROBE guidelines. RESULTS: The majority of the respondents perceived the number of patients-per-nurse during a shift to be too high, the number of nurses to be insufficient in proportion to the workload, and the nursing manpower-planning to be insufficient and biased. Those with ≤1 year of nursing experience in the PED perceived an increased workload and more burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic period. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses working in PED setting perceived the workload and manpower planning to be inadequate. In addition, nurses who were less experienced or felt burnout perceived their workload to be increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Further exploration of workload and manpower planning in PEDs is required. Quantifying nurses' perspectives of workload and manpower when managing emergency pediatric patients is essential for designing appropriate interventions to improve the working environment. Future studies should focus on comparing nurses' perceptions with actual workloads and manpower planning in PEDs using appropriate measurement tools.

A four-year longitudinal evaluation study of nursing image, self-esteem, and profession perception among nursing students.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate nursing students' nursing image, self-esteem, and profession perception over their 4 years of study. DESIGN AND METHODS: This longitudinal study was conducted during 2016 and 2020 education terms. This study was conducted with the same group of students in their first year and fourth year on the nursing faculty in Turkey. Scale for the Image of the Nursing Profession, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory, and Perception of Nursing Profession Scale were used to collect research data. FINDINGS: Nursing education process have a significant positive effect on the perception of the profession and a negative effect on nursing image and self-esteem. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Targeted interventions should cultivate nursing image, promote self-esteem, and enrich the nursing curriculum to improve nursing students' profession perception.

Effectiveness of Sexual Abuse Prevention Training Program Developed by Creative Drama for Preschoolers: An Experimental Study.

The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the "My Body is Special" Training Program (MBS-TP), which was developed using the creative drama method to gain information about body recognition and body safety in preventing sexual abuse in children. This is an experimental study conducted with a control group using a pretest/posttest design. This study was carried out in two preschools in Turkey, involving 87 children in the 5-6 age group. MBS-TP was applied to children in the intervention group through eight sessions over 3 weeks. Results indicate that the body's private areas were guessed at lower rates in the intervention group in the pretest (vagina/vulva 13.6%, penis 2.3%) than the posttest (vagina/vulva 77.3%, penis 68.2%). In the control group, in both the pretest (vagina/vulva 7.7%, penis 0%) and posttest (vagina/vulva 11.5%, penis 0%) knowledge was at similarly low rates. There was a statistically significant increase in the knowledge of "saying, doing, telling, reporting" skills of protecting their bodies for children in the intervention group in the posttest. The "MBS-TP" was found to be effective in increasing ability to recognize parts of the body and body safety techniques for preventing sexual abuse in children aged 5-6.

The effectiveness of user-focused mobile health applications in paediatric chronic disease management: A systematic review.

PROBLEM: This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of user-focused mobile health (mHealth) applications in paediatric chronic disease management. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Articles were included under the Population Intervention Comparator Outcome Study (PICOS) design framework for (P) children with a chronic disease, (I) mHealth user-focused apps, (C) usual care/control groups, (O) health outcomes related to chronic diseases, and (S) randomised controlled trials. This study followed the guidelines provided by Cochrane, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis, and Mobile Health Evidence Reporting and Assessment. SAMPLE: A comprehensive literature search screening was conducted via CINAHL, PubMed, CENTRAL, ELSEVIER, SAGE, Science Direct, Scopus, Taylor Francis, WoS, and IEEE XPLORE from inception to November 15, 2020. RESULTS: The review included seven articles, which combined provided data for a total of 755 children. The effects of the mHealth applications on the investigated 31 unique outcomes of five chronic paediatric diseases were mixed, ranging from effective to no effect. The risk of bias in the included studies was mostly either high or concerning according to Risk of Bias tool 2.0. The mobile apps that were evaluated were not standalone apps but were designed to interact with and provide data to healthcare providers. CONCLUSION: Some mHealth interventions in this systematic review produced clinically meaningful and statistically relevant reductions in health outcomes related to chronic disease management. However, based on the available data, it is not possible to make definitive conclusions concerning the preferred target population of the interventions. IMPLICATION: mHealth apps may be beneficial in improving selected patient outcomes in chronic disease management. Our results may assist the digital health services of hospitals, paediatric nurses who are interested in mHealth, and children who have a chronic disease.

A grounded theory study to explore the digital gameplay experiences of adolescents at risk of addiction in Turkey.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the experiences of adolescents at risk of digital game addiction in Turkey. DESIGN AND METHODS: Guided by a grounded theory design, data were collected from 14 adolescents through one-on-one in-depth interviews between January and April 2021. Simultaneous data collection and analysis involved theoretical sampling, constant comparison, and memo writing. Open, axial, and selective coding were used in data analysis, while analytic coding identified the core category and subcategories and provided the foundation for the substantive theory. RESULTS: The core category, "I want to limit my time playing digital games, but I need the support of my family to do so," demonstrated the adolescents' awareness of their situation. The analysis yielded an interpretive theory comprising three inter-related categories: causal factors, effects on life, and solution pathways. CONCLUSIONS: The participants' reasons for playing digital games included meeting their need for socialization and passing the time. However, digital gaming affects adolescents physically, psychosocially, and culturally. Solutions include early childhood education and family support, which can significantly reduce the risk of digital game addiction. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Preventing digital game addiction is an important goal, and identifying risks contributing to digital game addiction is fundamental to establishing preventive measures. This study's findings may increase awareness of the subject for teachers, school nurses, and parents. Among the potential remedial measures are future studies focused on preventing digital game addiction and adding instruction to school curricula regarding necessary and beneficial uses of digital technologies.

Is foot reflexology effective in reducing colic symptoms in infants: A randomized placebo-controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: Infantile colic and its accompanying crying represent a major source of stress and have negative physiological, emotional and psychological effects on infants and parents. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of foot reflexology for reducing symptoms of infantile colic. DESIGN: The study was conducted as a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a sample population of 45 infants diagnosed with infantile colic. METHODS: Simple randomization was used to select a reflexology (study) group (n = 20) and a placebo group of infants with colic (n = 25). The parents and biostatistician were blinded to group assessment. Foot reflexology, or stimulating reflex points on the foot, was implemented with the reflexology group. Placebo foot reflexology, or noneffective touch, was used with the placebo group. Over a two-week period, both interventions were performed four times for 20 min each time by the researcher. The researcher collected data using the information form, the Infant Colic Scale (ICS), and a diary of daily crying duration. RESULTS: The trial ended with the completion of the data. In each group, 20 infants were studied. The means of the Infant Colic Scale scores and daily crying duration were significantly lower in the foot-reflexology group than in the placebo foot-reflexology group (p < .001). Infants with colic in the reflexology group cried less and experienced fewer symptoms than before treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Foot reflexology is a non-invasive and safe nursing intervention that is effective for reducing crying duration and symptoms in infants with colic.

Examination of job satisfaction and burnout status of pediatric nurses: A cross-sectional and correlational study using online survey research in Turkey.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to determine the job satisfaction and burnout of Turkish pediatric nurses. DESIGN AND METHODS: An online survey of pediatric nurses was conducted between January 2018 and March 2019, enrolled 326 participants. Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze. FINDINGS: Job satisfaction of younger and more inexperienced pediatric nurses was lower, while their burnout was higher. Negative relationship between job satisfaction, age, pediatric nursing experience, and burnout level was observed. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Young and inexperienced nurses should be supported by pediatric nurse managers to increase job satisfaction and reduce burnout. Aspects of new nurses that need improvement should be identified and orientation programs should be planned.

Evaluation of the efficiency of the web-based epilepsy education program (WEEP) for youth with epilepsy and parents: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: When youth with epilepsy and their parents have insufficient information about the disease, they are known to have more problems with disease management, and they show poor compliance. Providing accurate, reliable, and accessible information with no time and space limitations is extremely important for individuals with epilepsy as well as for their caregivers. AIM: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the content, quality, usability, and efficacy of our web-based epilepsy education program (WEEP) that we developed for youth with epilepsy and their parents. METHODS: The sample of this randomized controlled trail was composed of youth with epilepsy who were between the ages of 9 and 18 years and their parents who had applied to the Pediatric Neurology Unit of a tertiary healthcare hospital in Turkey between November 2017 and April 2018. This study was conducted in two stages: (1) the preparation phase, during which we developed a WEEP for epilepsy, and tested its content, quality, and usability; and (2) the implementation phase, during which we evaluated the efficacy of the website by assessing users' knowledge of epilepsy, seizure self-efficacy, attitudes, and e-health literacy. Before the implementation phase, data collection tools were used to test the prior knowledge of epilepsy of the participants and control groups. Next, the youth and their parents were asked to use the WEEP for 12 weeks, while a control group was not provided with additional education tools. Written consent was obtained from the participants prior to the study in addition to obtaining approval from the ethics committee and permission from the institution where the research was conducted. The data were finally analyzed using SAS 9.4 software. RESULTS: During the preparation phase, the website was developed and tested for content, quality, and usability. The WEEP was graded 72.7 ±â€¯3.4 points by experts, 92.4 ±â€¯1.63 by youth with epilepsy, and 92.31 ±â€¯1.94 by the parents. During the implementation phase, the efficacy of the web site was evaluated through the assessment of participants' scores. We found that the mean knowledge, seizure self-efficacy, attitude, and e-health literacy scores of youth with epilepsy in the experimental group had significantly increased after the WEEP (p < 0.05). An increase in the scores of knowledge, anxiety, self-management, and e-health literacy scale was also found among the parents in the intervention group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The content, quality, and usability of the WEEP were adequate and effective in improving knowledge, self-efficacy, attitudes, and e-health literacy of youth with epilepsy as well as those of their parents.

Evaluating the Job Satisfaction of Nurses Working in Pediatric Clinics in Terms of Eleven Dimensions and the Influencing Factors.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the job satisfaction of nurses working in pediatric clinics in terms of 11 dimensions and the influencing factors. METHOD: The sample of this descriptive study was composed of 92 nurses who were responsible for patient care in two public hospitals located in Antalya city. The data were collected using the Personal Information Form and Healthcare Environment Survey. The study was conducted between December 2018 and January 2019. RESULTS: The scale scores of the nurses were found to be moderate (4.20±0.86). Although the nurses obtained the highest mean score for the patient care subscale (5.09±1.04), they obtained the lowest mean score for the distributive justice subscale (2.53±1.42). Job satisfaction was higher in nurses who were aged 31-40 years and were continuously working during day shift than in nurses who were aged 41 years and older and working in the night shift (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The job satisfaction of nurses working in pediatric clinics was moderate and affected by many factors. Although the most perceived subscale of job satisfaction by nurses was patient care, the lowest perceived subscale was distributive justice. These results are important for guiding about job satisfaction enhancement practices for nurses working in pediatric clinics.

The effect of a modular education program for children with epilepsy and their parents on disease management.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Modular Education Program for Children with Epilepsy and Their Parents on disease management. The program was prepared by researchers in an interdisciplinary team. METHOD: Children with epilepsy and their parents were included in a randomized controlled study using a pre-posttest design. All participants of the modular education program (n=184 (92 children and their 92 parents')) answered a lot of scales immediately before the program. The researcher presented the modular education program, which included eight modules (four for the children and four for the parents), to the children and parents in the intervention group using interactive teaching methods. And all participants of the modular education program answered all scales immediately after the program and one-month, three-month follow-ups. The control group not participating in the modular education program (n=100 (50 children, 50 parents)) also answered all scales in all follow-ups. Scales used the study comprised epilepsy-specific outcome measures (e.g., knowledge, self-efficacy related to seizures, quality of life and anxiety). The statistical analyses of the study data were performed using SAS 9.3 software. RESULTS: Children in intervention group significantly improved in knowledge (p<0.001), self-efficacy about seizures (p<0.001), and quality of life (p<0.001) compared with the control group. The parents in the intervention group also significantly improved in knowledge about epilepsy (p<0.001) compared with the control group. However, anxiety of the parents in the intervention group significantly increased (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The efficacy of the Modular Education Program for Children with Epilepsy and Their Parents on disease management was confirmed. The results indicate that using interactive teaching methods help children with epilepsy and their parents in improving knowledge, self-efficacy about seizures and quality of life. All health professionals who work with children with epilepsy and their parents should provide these modular education programs regularly.