ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Self-medication, often without adult guidance, has been reported to be a common practice during adolescence. Similar to other preventable health-risk behaviors initiated in early adolescence, it has become a cause for concern universally. OBJECTIVE: This study examines the prevalence of self-medication with both prescribed and non-prescribed (OTC) medications, related health complaints, sources of drugs, and sources of drug recommendation, and gender differences related to self-medication among expatriate high school students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 324 expatriate students through a validated, self-administered questionnaire and data was analyzed using SPSS 19 version. Means and proportions were calculated and Pearson Chi-square test of significance was used to analyze association among variables. RESULTS: Majority of the participating students, almost equally distributed by gender, was aged 16 to 17 years. The period prevalence rate of self-medication with prescribed and OTC medications were 89.2%, which did not vary with age, gender, ethnicity or parents' educational level. The most common sources of drug and drug recommendation were community pharmacies and parents respectively. Headache and fever were the common self-medicated conditions and consequently, analgesics and antipyretics were most commonly used both in the previous two weeks and the previous year prior to the survey. A high prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics (53%) and sedative/hypnotics (27%) was also observed. A female excess emerged for certain health complaints and use of medicines except for the use of anti-allergic and herbal/homeopathic drugs. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to explore self-medication practices among high school students in UAE and provides baseline data critical in creating awareness about the risks and benefits of self-medication. Health care providers, educators and parents should be actively involved in health education strategies for inculcating responsible self-medication practices in the adolescent population of UAE.
ABSTRACT
Background: Self-medication, often without adult guidance, has been reported to be a common practice during adolescence. Similar to other preventable health-risk behaviors initiated in early adolescence, it has become a cause for concern universally. Objectives: This study examines the prevalence of self-medication with both prescribed and nonprescribed (OTC) medications, related health complaints, sources of drugs, and sources of drug recommendation, and gender differences related to self-medication among expatriate high school students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 324 expatriate students through a validated, self-administered questionnaire and data was analyzed using SPSS 19 version. Means and proportions were calculated and Pearson Chisquare test of significance was used to analyze association among variables. Results: Majority of the participating students, almost equally distributed by gender, was aged 16 to 17 years. The period prevalence rate of selfmedication with prescribed and OTC medications were 89.2%, which did not vary with age, gender, ethnicity or parents educational level. The most common sources of drug and drug recommendation were community pharmacies and parents respectively. Headache and fever were the common self-medicated conditions and consequently, analgesics and antipyretics were most commonly used both in the previous two weeks and the previous year prior to the survey. A high prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics (53%) and sedative/hypnotics (27%) was also observed. A female excess emerged for certain health complaints and use of medicines except for the use of anti-allergic and herbal/homeopathic drugs. Conclusion: This is the first study to explore selfmedication practices among high school students in UAE and provides baseline data critical in creating awareness about the risks and benefits of selfmedication. Health care providers, educators and parents should be actively involved in health education strategies for inculcating responsible selfmedication practices in the adolescent population of UAE (AU)
Antecedentes: Se ha informado de la práctica común de la automedicación entre adolescentes, a menudo sin vigilancia de un adulto. Al igual que otras actitudes de riesgo iniciadas en la adolescencia temprana, esto es de preocupación universal. Objetivos: Este estudio examina la prevalencia de automedicación, tanto con medicamentos de prescripción como de medicamentos sin receta (OTC), los problemas de salud relacionados, las fuentes de medicamentos y las fuentes de recomendaciones de los medicamentos y las diferencias de géneros relacionadas con la automedicación entre estudiantes de secundaria expatriados en los Emiratos Árabes Unidos (UAE). Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal entre 324 estudiantes expatriados a través de un cuestionario validado auto-administrado y los datos se analizaron en un SPSS versión 19. Se calcularon las medias y las proporciones se utilizó la prueba chi-cuadrado de significancia para analizar la asociación entre variables. Resultados: La mayoría de los estudiantes participantes, distribuidos igualmente por géneros, tenia de 16 a 17 años. La prevalencia de automedicación con medicamentos de prescripción y OTC en el periodo fue del 89,2%, y no varió con la edad, género, etnia o nivel educativo de los padres. Las fuentes de medicamentos y de consejo sobre medicamentos más comunes fueron las farmacias comunitarias y los padres, respectivamente. El dolor de cabeza y la fiebre fueron las situaciones más frecuentes y, consecuentemente, los analgésicos y los antipiréticos fueron los medicamentos más usados, tanto en las dos semanas previas a la encuesta como en el año anterior. Se observó también una alta prevalencia de automedicación con antibióticos (53%) y sedantes/hipnóticos (27%). Apareció un exceso de mujeres en el uso de ciertos problema de salud y uso de medicamentos, con excepción del uso de antialérgicos y medicamentos vegetales/homeopáticos. Conclusión: Este es el primer estudio que explora las prácticas de automedicación entre estudiantes de escuela secundaria en UAE y proporciona una base crítica para aumentar el conocimiento de los riesgos y beneficios de la automedicación. Los profesionales de la salud, educadores y padres deberían envolverse activamente en las estrategias educativas para inculcar prácticas responsables de automedicación en la población adolescente de UAE (AU)
