ABSTRACT
Left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony is a causal factor in LV dysfunction and thought to be associated with LV twisting motion. We tested whether three-dimensional speckle tracking (3DT) can be used to evaluate the relationship between LV twisting motion and dyssynchrony. We examined 25 patients with sick sinus syndrome who had received dual chamber pacemakers. The acute effects of ventricular pacing on LV wall motion after the switch from atrial to ventricular pacing were assessed. LV twisting motion and dyssynchrony during each pacing mode were measured using 3DT. LV dyssynchrony was calculated from the time to the minimum peak systolic area strain of 16 LV imaging segments. Ventricular pacing increased LV dyssynchrony and decreased twist and torsion. A significant correlation was observed between changes in LV dyssynchrony and changes in torsion (r = -0.65, p < 0.01). Evaluation of LV twisting motion can potentially be used for diagnosing LV dyssynchrony.
Subject(s)
Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional , Sick Sinus Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Torsion Abnormality/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Function, Left , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biomechanical Phenomena , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial , Female , Humans , Male , Observer Variation , Predictive Value of Tests , Reproducibility of Results , Sick Sinus Syndrome/physiopathology , Sick Sinus Syndrome/therapy , Torsion Abnormality/physiopathology , Torsion, Mechanical , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are frequently prescribed in combination with aspirin for preventing peptic ulcer in patients with atherosclerotic diseases. In contrast, long-term use of PPI has been suggested to be associated with iron or vitamin B12 deficiency. The effect of PPI on hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, however, has not been clarified in cardiovascular outpatients. METHODS AND RESULTS: We retrospectively investigated the clinical characteristics of 278 continuous outpatients who received blood test including complete blood count and serum creatinine concentration (mean age, 69.9 ± 10.8 years; male, 68.7%). The frequency of anemia was 51% in patients receiving PPI and 19% in those not receiving PPI (chi-squared test, P<0.001). On multivariate analysis female sex (P<0.001), peripheral artery disease (P=0.003), PPI (P=0.003), low white blood cell count (P=0.004), old age (P=0.007), and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (P=0.010) were independently associated with low Hb. Among these patients, we investigated the change in Hb after the initiation of PPI in 36 patients for whom data on Hb level within 1 year before and within 1 year after the initiation of PPI were available. Mean decrease in Hb after the initiation of PPI was 0.38 ± 0.87 g/dl (95% confidence interval: -0.67 to -0.09 g/dl). CONCLUSIONS: Use of PPI was associated with anemia in Japanese cardiovascular outpatients.
Subject(s)
Anemia/chemically induced , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Hemoglobins/analysis , Proton Pump Inhibitors/adverse effects , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anemia/blood , Anemia/etiology , Blood Cell Count , Body Mass Index , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Creatinine/blood , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Erythrocyte Indices , Female , Humans , Hyperlipidemias/epidemiology , Hyperuricemia/epidemiology , Iron Deficiencies , Kidney Diseases/blood , Kidney Diseases/epidemiology , Male , Outpatients/statistics & numerical data , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/epidemiology , Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/prevention & control , Peripheral Arterial Disease/blood , Peripheral Arterial Disease/epidemiology , Polypharmacy , Proton Pump Inhibitors/pharmacology , Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Vitamin B Deficiency/blood , Vitamin B Deficiency/chemically inducedABSTRACT
An 80-year-old man visited our hospital because of dyspnea on exertion from 6 months ago. Echo Doppler study showed severe calcification in the aortic valve with restricted movement and the sigmoid septum causing obstruction at the LV outflow tract (LVOT). Considering the aortic valve area (AVA) might have been inaccurately estimated, we carried out beta-blocker stress echocardiography. The transaortic pressure gradient and AVA were respectively calculated as 52 mmHg and 0.90 cm(2) before propranolol administration and as 64 mmHg and 0.86 cm(2) after propranolol administration. Thus, beta-blocker stress echocardiography may provide an accurate assessment of AS if the LVOT obstruction is concomitant.
