ABSTRACT
Objetivos Cuantificar, describir el origen y estimar el coste de las solicitudes de antígeno prostático específico (PSA) con fines de cribado a varones de 70 años o más realizadas en una zona de salud urbana. Métodos Estudio transversal. Se obtuvieron todas las determinaciones de PSA a pacientes adscritos a una zona de salud entre los años 2018 y 2020. Se clasificaron retrospectivamente como cribado (PSAc) o no, de acuerdo a criterios preestablecidos revisando historiales clínicos. Se comparó la edad de los pacientes sometidos a cribado con aquellos que no lo fueron. Se calcularon tasas de solicitud por centros y solicitantes de acuerdo a la población de referencia provista por el padrón municipal (VM70). Se estimó el coste consultando las tarifas de facturación. Resultados Fueron estudiadas 2.036 PSA, de 888 hombres ≥ 70 años, y 350 clasificadas como cribado. Se diagnosticaron seis adenocarcinomas. Se estimaron 76,07 PSAc/1.000 VM70-año con origen en cualquier centro, 1,45 solicitudes por individuo cribado, y una prevalencia de 15,71%; población media de referencia de 1.534 hombres (DE 45,37). Los pacientes sometidos a cribado (edad media 75 años, DE 4,04) fueron más jóvenes que aquellos no cribados (media 76,5, DE 4,81). Se estimó un coste del cribado de 9.751 . Conclusiones Se describe la epidemiología y estima el coste de los cribados con PSA a varones ≥ 70 años sin cáncer prostático en nuestra zona, en atención primaria y hospitalaria. Se trata de una práctica habitual, predominantemente en atención primaria, y en magnitud similar a la reportada en la bibliografía estatal. (AU)
Objectives To describe the epidemiology and estimate the cost of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) screening tests to men ≥ 70 years old in an urban health zone. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed. We obtained every PSA test made in the health zone from 2018 to 2020, and classified them retrospectively as screening (PSAc) or not according to pre-established criteria, reviewing electronic health records. Testing rates were calculated by centres and clinical specialities. The standard population was provided by the city register of inhabitants (VM70). Cost estimation was made using our health system's price list. ResultsTwo thousand and thirty six PSA, of 888 men ≥ 70 years old were obtained, and 350 met screening classification criteria. Six adenocarcinomas were diagnosed from those tests. We estimated 76.07 PSAc/1000 VM70-year from any centre, 1.45 tests for each screened individual, and 15.71% prevalence. The standard population was 1534 men (mean 2018-2020, SD 45.37). Patients who were screened (median age 75, SD 4.04) were younger than those not screened. We estimated a total screening test cost of 9,751 . Conclusions The epidemiology and cost of PSA screening tests to men ≥ 70 years old are reported, both in primary health care and in the hospital. PSA screening tests are common practice amongst professionals attending elderly men in our health zone, mostly in primary care. The screening testing rate of men without prostate cancer is similar to that reported in the literature. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Urban Population , Mass Screening/economics , Early Detection of Cancer , Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Spain/epidemiology , IncidenceABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiology and estimate the cost of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) screening tests to men ≥ 70 years old in an urban health zone. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed. We obtained every PSA test made in the health zone from 2018 to 2020, and classified them retrospectively as screening (PSAc) or not according to pre-established criteria, reviewing electronic health records. Testing rates were calculated by centres and clinical specialities. The standard population was provided by the city register of inhabitants (VM70). Cost estimation was made using our health system's price list. RESULTS: Two thousand and thirty six PSA, of 888 men ≥ 70 years old were obtained, and 350 met screening classification criteria. Six adenocarcinomas were diagnosed from those tests. We estimated 76.07 PSAc/1000 VM70-year from any centre, 1.45 tests for each screened individual, and 15.71% prevalence. The standard population was 1534 men (mean 2018-2020, SD 45.37). Patients who were screened (median age 75, SD 4.04) were younger than those not screened. We estimated a total screening test cost of 9,751 . CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiology and cost of PSA screening tests to men ≥ 70 years old are reported, both in primary health care and in the hospital. PSA screening tests are common practice amongst professionals attending elderly men in our health zone, mostly in primary care. The screening testing rate of men without prostate cancer is similar to that reported in the literature.
Subject(s)
Prostate-Specific Antigen , Prostatic Neoplasms , Male , Humans , Aged , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Early Detection of Cancer , Retrospective Studies , Urban Health , Mass ScreeningABSTRACT
Es conocida la relación bidireccional entre enfermedades infecciosas y diabetes. Las personas con diabetes tienen mayor riesgo de presentar enfermedades infecciosas, pudiendo ser estas de mayor severidad; y por otro lado, las enfermedades infecciosas desestabilizan el control metabólico de las personas con diabetes. El envejecimiento importante de la población es debido en parte al aumento de la supervivencia de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas, entre ellas la diabetes. Mejorar la prevención de enfermedades infecciosas en este grupo de población podría disminuir las complicaciones de estas enfermedades, así como las consecuencias de la desestabilización de la enfermedad de base (morbilidad, discapacidad, ingresos hospitalarios, costes sanitarios, tasas de mortalidad), mejorando además la calidad de vida de las personas con diabetes. La presente revisión expone el tratamiento de las enfermedades infecciosas en personas con diabetes y el abordaje de las enfermedades inmunoprevenibles con las vacunas recomendadas en la actualidad
The bidirectional relationship between infectious diseases and diabetes is well-known. On the one hand, diabetes patients are at a higher risk of presenting with infectious diseases, possibly with more severity, and on the other hand, infectious diseases impair metabolic control in patients with diabetes. Population ageing arises partly due to an increased survival rate in chronic diseases, of which diabetes is amongst them. Improving infectious disease prevention could reduce complications arising from the former diseases, consequences of decompensated diabetes condition (morbidity, incapacity, hospital admissions, healthcare costs, and mortality rates) and result in improved quality of life in patients with diabetes. The current review presents the treatment of infectious diseases in patients with diabetes and the dealing with immuno-preventable diseases with the currently advised vaccinations
Subject(s)
Humans , Bacterial Infections/therapy , Diabetes Complications/microbiology , Diabetes Complications/prevention & control , Bacterial Infections/complications , Bacterial Infections/prevention & control , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Mycoses/complications , Mycoses/prevention & control , Practice Guidelines as TopicABSTRACT
The bidirectional relationship between infectious diseases and diabetes is well-known. On the one hand, diabetes patients are at a higher risk of presenting with infectious diseases, possibly with more severity, and on the other hand, infectious diseases impair metabolic control in patients with diabetes. Population ageing arises partly due to an increased survival rate in chronic diseases, of which diabetes is amongst them. Improving infectious disease prevention could reduce complications arising from the former diseases, consequences of decompensated diabetes condition (morbidity, incapacity, hospital admissions, healthcare costs, and mortality rates) and result in improved quality of life in patients with diabetes. The current review presents the treatment of infectious diseases in patients with diabetes and the dealing with immuno-preventable diseases with the currently advised vaccinations.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/therapy , Diabetes Complications/microbiology , Diabetes Complications/prevention & control , Mycoses/therapy , Bacterial Infections/complications , Bacterial Infections/prevention & control , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Humans , Mycoses/complications , Mycoses/prevention & control , Practice Guidelines as TopicABSTRACT
Introducción. Se conoce la variabilidad existente entre los equipos de atención primaria en la realización de actividades preventivas existiendo un mayor cumplimiento cuando la carga asistencial es menor y postulándose la falta de tiempo como la barrera principal para la atención preventiva. Asimismo, la docencia a médicos residentes es otra actividad más dentro de las propias del tutor de médicos de residentes, y que incrementa la carga laboral en la consulta. Introducción. El objetivo principal es determinar si existe diferencia en la cumplimentación de actividades preventivas entre las consultas que tienen a su cargo un médico residente en medicina de familia y comunitaria y las consultas no docentes. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal que incluyó como población a estudio los 143 médicos especialistas de medicina de familia y comunitaria (pertenecientes a los 13 centros de salud de Vitoria-Gasteiz) que estaban en situación laboral activa en enero de 2010. Se recogieron datos referentes al grado de cumplimiento de actividades preventivas en Osabide (historia digital única) a fecha enero de 2010. Resultados. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las actividades de cribado de tensión arterial (61,52±14,35 frente 53,87±15,89; p=0,037) y de consumo de alcohol (60,67±16,92 frente a 52,77±17,91; p=0,047) entre las consultas docentes y no docentes. Conclusiones. A partir de los resultados se puede sugerir que el tiempo que el tutor invierte en la docencia a los médicos residentes no tiene un efecto negativo en el proceso preventivo, por lo que es necesario involucrar a todos los facultativos en dicho proceso (AU)
Introduction. We know the variability in carrying out preventive activities between primary care teams; increasing compliance when workload is lower, and the lack of time is postulated as the main barrier to preventive care. Likewise, teaching medical residents is one more activity within those of the medical residents tutor and increases the workload in the clinic. Introduction. The main objective of this study was to determine if there are differences in the level of carrying out prevention activities among physicians who are tutors of residents in family medicine and physicians who are not tutors. Material and methods. We conducted a cross sectional study involving 143 family medicine physicians (belonging to the 13 Primary Health Centres in Vitoria-Gasteiz) who were in active work in January 2010. We collected data on the level of prevention activities accomplishment Osabide (single digital history). Results. We only found statistically significant differences in the activities screening blood pressure (61.52±14.35 vs 53,87±15.89; P=.037) and alcohol consumption (60.67±16.92 vs 52.77±17.91; P=.047) between teaching and non-teaching clinics. Conclusions. From the results obtained in this study it can be suggested that time spent by tutors in teaching resident physicians does not have a negative effect on the prevention process; therefore necessary to involve all physicians need to be involved in this process (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Education, Medical, Continuing/methods , Education, Medical, Continuing/trends , Primary Health Care/methods , Primary Health Care/trends , Preventive Medicine/methods , Preventive Medicine/trends , Family Practice/methods , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control , Smoking/epidemiology , Education, Medical, Continuing/organization & administration , Education, Medical, Continuing/statistics & numerical data , Education, Medical, Continuing/standards , Family Practice/trends , Cross-Sectional Studies , Mass Screening/methods , Blood Pressure/physiology , Data Collection/methods , 28599 , Preventive Health Services/trendsABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Vitamin A Deficiency/diagnosis , Vitamin A Deficiency/therapy , Vitamin A/therapeutic use , Tetracycline/therapeutic use , Vision Disorders/complications , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/therapy , Xerophthalmia/complications , Xerophthalmia/diagnosisSubject(s)
Hand Dermatoses/diagnosis , Hyperpigmentation/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Finger Phalanges , Humans , InfantABSTRACT
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