ABSTRACT
Starch gel electrophoresis was used for isozyme analysis of ADH, GDH, MDH, IDH, and ME in populations of amaranth. Experiments were performed with 93 populations and 4 cultivars. Some populations proved to be polymorphic, and this fact allowed analysis of the genetic control of the enzymes listed. The populations examined showed poor allozyme variability. Monomorphism for all loci studied was observed in 73 populations and 4 varieties. Starch gel electrophoresis was used for isozyme analysis ofADH, GDH, MDH, IDH, and ME in populations of amaranth. Experiments were performed with 93 populations and 4 cultivars. Some populations proved to be polymorphic, and this fact allowed analysis of the genetic control of the enzymes listed. The populations examined showed poor allozyme variability. Monomorphism for all loci studied was observed in 73 populations and 4 varieties. Only some populations demonstrated rare polymorphism for a single locus each: Adh, Mdh 2, Gdh, Idh 1, Idh 2, or Mod 2. The results demonstrate genetic monomorphism of amaranth for the studied loci.
Subject(s)
Amaranthus/enzymology , Amaranthus/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Amaranthus/growth & development , Electrophoresis, Starch Gel , Isoenzymes/geneticsABSTRACT
Subcellular localization of isozymes of NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in sugar beet was studied. Isozymes ss and 11 controlled by loci Mdh2 and Mdh3, respectively, were shown to locate in mitochondria, whereas isozyme pp controlled by locus Mdh1, in microbodies. All examined samples lack hybrid MDH isozymes, which could testify to the interaction between products of nonallelic Mdh genes. This can be explained by the localization of nonallelic isozymes in various compartments of the cell and organelles.
Subject(s)
Beta vulgaris/enzymology , Malate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Microsomes/enzymology , Mitochondria/enzymology , Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism , Plant Proteins/metabolism , Beta vulgaris/genetics , Isoenzymes/genetics , Isoenzymes/metabolism , Malate Dehydrogenase/genetics , Mitochondria/genetics , Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics , Plant Proteins/genetics , Quantitative Trait LociABSTRACT
In various populations of the cultivated and weedy amaranth species, the electrophoretic patterns of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and malic enzyme (Me) were studied. In total, 52 populations and two varieties (Cherginskii and Valentina) have been examined. Allozyme variation of this material was low. Irrespective of species affiliation, 26 populations and two varieties were monomorphic for five enzymes; a slight polymorphism of three, two, and one enzymes was revealed in three, nine, and fourteen populations, respectively. A single amaranth locus, Adh, with two alleles, Adh F and Adh S, controls amaranth ADH. Two alleles, common Gdh S and rare Gdh F, control GDH; no heterozygotes at this locus were found. The MDH pattern has two, the fast- and slow-migrating, zones of activity (I and II, respectively). Under the given electrophoresis conditions, the fast zone is diffuse, whereas slow zone is controlled by two nonallelic genes, monomorphic Mdh 1 and polymorphic Mdh 2 that includes three alleles: Mdh 2-F, Mdh 2-N, and Mdh 2-S. Low polymorphism of IDH and Me was also found, though their genetic control remains unknown.
