[Antibiotics produced by Photorhabdus luminescens ZMI, a symbiont of entomopathogenic nematodes].

A novel strain of Photorhabdus luminescens ZMI isolated from nematode larvae Heterorhabditis sp. was shown to produce antibiotic complexes with antibacterial and antifungal activities. The antibiotic complexes secreted extracellularly and intracellularly were separated into individual components. Comparison of their properties with the databases for biologically active compounds suggested that component A was identical to 3,5-dihydroxy-4-isopropylstilbene, components B and H belonged to anthraquinone derivatives, component C secreted only extracellularly was likely a novel antibiotic.

[The hypolipidemic action of the complex emulgator-stabilizer on the basis of laminal and a water extract from roots of alien Saponaria officinalis L. in experiment on the rat].

Within the limits of experimental supervision the estimation of hypolipidemic action of the complex emulgator-stabilizer (CES) on the basis of a water extract from roots of strange (alien) Saponaria officinalis L and laminal in the ratio 1:1,5 has been made. The received results allow to recommend the CES as a complex food additive at infringements of lipide exchange, especially connected with development hyper-cholesterinemia.

[Toxicity assessment of the vegetable emulsifier- the aqueous extract from the common soapwort roots].

Within the limits of experimental observation the assessment of acute and subacute safety of an aqueous extract from Acanthophyllum roots with a solids content of 7%, used as an emulsifier has been manufactured by production of emulsion products. Acute toxicity (LD50) AEAR, probed on mice-male; has allowed to refer to an emulsifier to a class of nontoxic substance. The assessmentof subacute toxicity of an extract (injection in a food allowance within 30 days in a recommended dose--5 ml on 100 g of a standard food allowance) was spent on laboratory rats. Extent of toxicity of a specimen judged on the general state of animals, a body mass dynamics, internals masses, to biochemical parameters of blood plasma, parameters of a peripheric blood, a morphological pattern of an internals. Comparative analysis of results allows to expel toxic effect AEAR in the recommended dose on an organism of animals.

[Hypolipidemic activity of a water extract from roots carline thistle].

In the researches which have been lead on white not purebred rats--mans on model nutritional hyperlipoproteinemia it fixed hypolipidemic activity of a water extract from roots carline thistle with the content of dry solvends of 7% which.

[The search of antioxidants in plant root's extracts of the carline thistle]. / Poisk antioksidantov v ékstraktakh kornei koliuchelistnika.

The carrying out tests of water-extracts of carline thistle (plant pink, Caryophyllaceae) in Kazakhstan (extract 1) and gathered in the Primorye region (extract 2). The method of spectral and thin layer chromatography silicagel plates contain phenolys components. It is found out that both extracts contain the same bonds with the max, uptake of long waves lambda = 282 hm and lambda = 260 hm. Besides, extract 2 has significant quantity of substances with the max, uptake lambda = 272 hm and substance with the max, uptake lambda = 330 hm. When determining with the help of standard tap the chemical nature of the substances, which have antioxidant characteristics, we settled out that antioxidant of soapwort possibly can be coffee acid and nonpolar flavonoid of unstated nature.

[Various characteristics of lipid metabolism of Bacillus brevis var. G.-B]. / Nekotorye osobennosti lipidnogo obmena Bacillus brevis var. G.-B.

Some characteristic features of the lipid metabolism of Bacillus brevis var. G.-B. natural variants and Bacillus brevis mutant 101 were studied. The authors found that upon submerged cultivation gramicidine S-producing P+-variant and B. brevis mutant 101 synthesized higher amounts of tocopherols as compared to other colonial-morphological variants. The highest tocopherol content was observed in P+-variant, whose cells contained the highest amount of total lipids as compared to other gramicidine S-producers.

[Biological properties of a Bacillus brevis 101 mutant]. / Biologicheskie osobennosti mutanta Bacillus brevis 101.

Some features of the Bacillus brevis 101 mutant producing the antibiotic gramicidin S are described. The mutant is very close to the initial P+-variant of Bacillus brevis var. G-B by cultural, physiological and biochemical characteristics. The most typical features of Bacillus brevis 101 are high antibiotic activity (up to 2 g/l) and the specific phenotype of the colonies. The phenotypical features of Bacillus brevis 101 are dependent on the conditions of its cultivation. On minimal media rich in organics a change of the culture correlated with a lower antibiotic activity.

[Interaction of gramicidins with the cellular phospholipids of the producer Bacillus brevis]. / Vzaimodeistvie gramitsidina S s fosfolipidami kletok produtsenta Bacillus brevis.

Phospholipid fractions were isolated from the cells of Bacillus brevis var. G.-B. variants, some, of which produced gramicidin S and some did not. As was found by thin layer chromatography, phosphatidyl ethanolamine predominated in the fraction of phospholipids. Interaction of the isolated phospholipids with gramicidin S in vitro resulted in a loss of the antibiotic activity. Presumably, formation of a complex between the polypeptide and phospholipids may decrease the actual concentration of gramicidin S in cells producing the antibiotic.

[Lipid and gramicidin C biosynthesis in Bacillus brevis during stab cultivation]. / Biosintez lipidov i gramitsidina C u Bacillus brevis v usloviiakh glubinnogo kul'tivirovaniia.

The content of lipids was studied in the gramicidin producing variants of Bacillus brevis var. G.-B. in the process of submerged cultivation. The greatest accumulation of lipids preceded the highest content of gramicidin C in the producing cells. The interrelation between the synthesis of lipids and that of gramicidin C is discussed.