[Immune reactivity in workers engaged in cement production].

The authors studied immune state of workers engaged in cement production. Ambivalent changes of immune parameters in apparently healthy workers depict various stages of adaptational protective reactions in body system. The studies support gradual changes in immune system under continued influence of occupational factors.

[Methodical aspects of hygienic safety assessment of polymeric materials in contact with foodstuffs].

It was purposed new technique by capillary gas chromatography (GC) for the low level determination of monomer hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) in food simulants water from polymeric materials in contact with foodstuffs. Hexamethylenediamine, HN2-(CH2)6-NH2, is a monomer used in the manufacture of certain of polyamide plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs. Compound exhibits all the chemical properties of aliphatic amines, is an irritant, causing dermatitis, can accumulate in the body, the degree of human exposure to HMDA assigned to the 2nd class of hazard - the substance is highly dangerous. There was studied two methodological approaches pre-derivatization of compound for GC determination. The first approach involves conversion of the free diamine using ethyl chloroformate as derivatizing agent followed by analysis of the resulting diurethan by gas chromatography using a flame ionization and mass selective detection (HMDA was quantitated by selective ion monitoring at m/z 102, the lower detection limit of 1 ng). According to second methodological approach the water samples were mixed with sodium chloride and extracted with toluene, then derivatized with trifluoroacetic anhydride (60 min, 55 degrees C) to diamide, 1 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7,0) was add to remove excess derivatizing agent, followed by analysis of resulting diamide by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (lower limit value 0,01 ng). Conformation of HMDA levels is carried out by combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HMDA was quantitated by selective ion monitoring at m/z 126, the lower limit value of 0,1 ng). The optimal pre-derivatization of the second approach for the determination of low levels of HMDA in the water extracts. The range of measured concentrations of 0,005-0,5 mg/dm3, recovery 88-101%, the total error of measurement is 16%, the relative standard deviation is 1,85%. The method was tested in the study of aqueous extracts of the 10 random samples intended for food purchased in the consumer market. Shows the corresponding output level hexamethylenediamine requirements for products of this type.

[Guidelines to estimating the parameters of oxidative stress upon exposure to man-made environmental factors].

The authors developed new methods for non-invasive diagnosis of the body's antioxidative balance, by using the kinetic characteristics of spontaneous and induced luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of an expirate. Comparative studies revealed a higher risk of diminished antioxidative protection for younger groups of the population; the total negative influence of techogenic effects and unbalanced nutrition is significant. Normalization of an antioxidative process as one of the mechanisms of formation of the body's non-specific resistance was observed in 90% of cases during medicobiological monitoring.

[Hygienic problems of population health maintenance under the extremal conditions of North].

A range of multi-sided studies, carried out in various regions of Far North (Jamalo-Nenets autonomous region, Komi republic, Sakha republic (Yakutia)) have established the leading hygienic risk factors of population health deterioration, including those characteristic of small nationalities of North. The consideration of the obtained data, including regional alimentary status peculiarities, the condition of metabolic processes and antioxidant balance of the organism, allowed establishment of effective approaches to the maintenance of notherners' health. These approaches are based upon the optimization of nutrition as an element of population health control under extremal conditions.

[Antioxidant and microelement status of the organism: present-day diagnostic problems].

The paper presents methodical approaches to non-invasive biological testing, based upon the found correlations between the parameters of the microelement status and the intensity of free radical oxidation processes in human alveolar moisture. The study demonstrates that the ratio of microelements with close chemical properties that display high biological activity and are key environment pollutants plays a prognostic role in the organism homeostasis.

[Methodological aspects of gas-mercury monitoring of non-industrial areas]. / Metodicheskie aspekty gazortutnogo monitoringa neproizvodstvennykh ob"ektov.

The paper presents new methodological approaches to gaseous mercury monitoring whose key link is to record the territorial background level of air pollution, which is calculated by using the frequency distribution diagrams of single measurements for uniform objects within an area by comparing them with logarithmically normal random distribution. The methodological approach has been used during surveys of schools and preschool children establishments in Moscow, Kaluga, and the Kaluga Region.

[Special features of actual nutrition and nutritional status of children living in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District]. / Osobennosti fakticheskogo pitaniia i alimentarnyi status detei Iamalo-Nenetskogo avtonomnogo okruga.

Actual nutrition of children living at boarding-school of the Yamal-Nenets autonomous district and also characteristics of their health, such as capacity for work, vitamin metabolism, physical development and activity of bio-oxidant systems of organism have been studied. The obtained results have become the basis for developing scientifically substantiated principles of creating balanced nutrition ration with antioxidant properties for the children living at the Far North.

[Medical and biological problems of relationship between food product quality and free radical oxidation state in humans]. / Mediko-biologicheskie problemy vzaimosviazi kachestva produktov pitaniia i sostoianiia svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniia v organizme.

Relation between quality of nutrition products and condition not infectious morbidity of the population of Republic Adygea, connected with development of free-radical processes are shown. The levels of contamination of products by nitrates, pesticides, heavy metals are investigated, the contents of vitamins-antioxidants is established. Was applied biotesting fats with use test-culture T. piriformis which had shown in 50% of cases subacute toxicity of the investigated samples and 6.2%--acute toxicity. In 1994-1998 is marked the growth of morbidity of the population a cataract (21.3%) and stomach ulcer (61.8%), diabetes (51.5%) on a background of insignificant decrease of morbidity in general. The priority directions in optimization antioxidative status of organism and decrease of free-radical pathologies level.

[Hygienic evaluation and prognosis of factual nutrition status of individual groups of the population of Russia]. / Gigienicheskaia otsenka i prognoz sostoianiia fakticheskogo pitaniia otdel'nykh grupp naseleniia Rossii.

The real nutrition of population groups in four large regions of Russia over the past ten years was studied. Scientific forecast of food and energy consumption till 2002 was made. Priorities of diet rationalization of different population groups were forwarded.