[Microsurgical replantation of the main segments of the extremities]. / Mikrokhirurgicheskaia replantatsiia krupnykh segmentov konechnostei.

Of 61 injured person, to whom the replantation of the extremity's large segment was conducted, the replantated segment revivement was noted in 43 (83%). The acceptable functional rehabilitation of the extremity was achieved in 38 (88.4%) patients due to conduction of various correcting interventions in late postoperative period.

[The autotransplantation of undescended testes]. / Autotransplantatsiia neopushchennykh iaichek.

A procedure for microsurgical autotransplantation of the undescended testis was proposed, which was different from the well-known ones by the fact that following microvascular anastomoses made between the testicular and lower epigastric vessels, the testis was brought to the scrotum in the clinostatic position through the medial inguinal fossa with prior mobilization of the deferent duct up to the level of the epididymal tail, by straightening the epididymal differential loop. The procedure allows one to provide a relative stretching of the deferent duct at a length equal to the longitudinal axis of the testis, thus achieving the optimal level of scrotal testicular position with initially high retention and a short deferent duct. Biopsies and clinical trials make it possible to recommend the procedure in the surgery of complicated cryptorchidism.

[The efficacy of methods for the surgical lower repositioning of the undescended testicle depending on the level of its location]. / Effektivnost' sposobov operativnogo nizvedeniia neopushchennogo iaichka v zavisimosti ot urovnia ego raspolozheniia.

The results of 22 section investigations performed are indicative of the limited effectiveness of the existing methods for mobilization of a vascular pedicle of the undescended testicle with the aim of its transposition into the scrotum. Bringing down without stretching of a vascular pedicle is possible only in location of an undescended testicle in the middle or lower third of the inguinal canal. In higher level of location of a testicle, its bringing down by conventional methods is inevitably associated with stretching of a vascular pedicle.

[Ultrasonography in the examination of patients with cryptorchism]. / Sonografiia v obsledovanii bol'nykh kriptorkhizmom.

The paper is concerned with analysis of the results of sonography (by the grey scale), used for investigation of 83 cryptorchid patients. There were 106 undescended testes, of them 54 were not determined by palpation. All the patients were operated upon. Sonographic imaging of the intra-abdominal testis was obtained in 3 cases only. Coincidence of intraoperative findings with the results of sonographic investigation in patients with inguinal cryptorchidism were observed in 68%. The main cause of diagnostic divergence was marked hypoplasia and low elasticity of the retained testis. A characteristic feature was echo-negative imaging of the testis in children, and in patients over 15--echo-positive imaging. This difference in types of the echographic picture is considered to be a result of changes, developing in testes depending on a period of retention. This method supplements clinical findings with information or the testicular state.

[Laparoscopy in the examination of patients with non-palpable undescended testis]. / Laparoskopiia v obsledovanii bol'nykh s nepal'piruemym neopushchennym iaichkom.

Diagnostic laparoscopy was performed in 28 patients at the age of from 5 to 32 years. The endoscopic semiotics of the inguinal and intraabdominal retention, testicular agenesia were studied. Laparoscopic and intraoperative diagnoses coincided in all the cases. No complications were observed.