[Internal hydrocephalus and basal liquorrhea (radionuclide data)]. / Vnutrenniaia gidrotsefaliia i bazal'naia likvoreia (radionuklidnye dannye).

The paper shows the value of radionuclide cysternomyelography in the diagnosis of internal hydrocephalus concurrent with basal liquorrhea. The authors examined 1522 patients of whom 105 were found to have the pathology, this yielded radionuclide differential diagnostic criteria for this nosological entity. They proposed new technological conditions for enhancing its diagnostic value.

[The microcirculatory bed and the blood rheological properties in the acute period of severe craniocerebral trauma]. / Mikrotsirkuliatornoe ruslo i reologicheskie svoistva krovi v ostrom periode tiazheloi cherepno-mozgovoi travmy.

The microcirculatory channel of the bulbo-conjunctival vessels and the blood rheological properties were studied in 128 patients in the acute period of a severe craniocerebral trauma. Disorders of microcirculation and hemorheology were detected in the early periods, reached maximum by the 3rd-7th day and reflected the condition of cerebral circulation. Progressive growth of blood fibrinogen concentration, development of intravascular aggregation of red cells and their stasis, slow and bead-like blood flow, drastic dilatation of venules and capillaries with reduction of their number and absence of response to vasoactive agents are signs of an unfavourable outcome of traumatic disease.

[Transcapillary filtration of electrolytes in the brain after craniocerebral injuries]. / Transkapilliarnaia fil'tratsiia élektrolitov v golovnom mozge posle cherepno-mozgovoi travmy.

A new method was used to determine the value and direction of electrolyte filtration through the walls of capillaries in the brain in patients with craniocerebral injury. It was found that the period of the development of brain edema coincided in time with the prevalence of the processes of sodium, calcium, and fluid escape from the cerebral vessels into the cerebral tissue. The movement of potassium through the capillary wall was counter-current to that of sodium filtration in most cases. Transcapillary filtration of electrolytes in patients with craniocerebral injury during the posttraumatic period was characterized by recurrent changes in the direction of filtration. Electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and calcium) possess their own, often independent of one another, mechanisms of transfer through the membranes of the histohematic barriers.

[Transcapillary fluid filtration in the brains of patients after craniocerebral injuries]. / Transkapilliarnaia fil'tratsiia zhidkosti v golovnom mozge posle cherepno-mozgovoi travmy.

The carotid artery and the jugular vein in patients with craniocerebral trauma were punctured simultaneously and the amount and direction of fluid filtration were calculated. The information made it possible to reveal in the posttraumatic period the predominant escape of fluid from the vascular channel into the cerebral tissue on the 1st-3rd days, a mild reverse flow of fluid on the 4th-7th days, and repeated escape of fluid from the vascular channel into the cerebral tissue on the 8th day; the duration of the last process was determined by the severity of the trauma. In patients who survived, this was followed by a period of intensive supply of fluid into the vascular channel coinciding in time with the clinical signs of an improvement in the patients' condition. In cases with a fatal outcome the flow of fluid through the vascular wall was directed into the cerebral tissue before death.

[Importance of laboratory findings in differentiating cranio-cerebral injuries of mild and moderate severity]. / Znachenie laboratornykh dannykh v differentsiatsii cherepno-mozgovoi travmy legkoi i srednei stepeni tiazhesti.

The authors discuss the results of clinical and laboratory examination of 191 patients among whom 93 had a mild and 98 a moderately severe cranio-cerebral injury. The dynamics of changes in the cerebrospinal fluid, including the changes in its cell composition, and the changes in the morphological compositions of blood during the post-traumatic period were studied. Different aspects of metabolism characterizing the functional condition of the liver, kidneys and adrenals were studied. The condition of blood coagulation was determined with due account for its rheological properties. The results of the statistical analysis of the material obtained show that in judging the depth of the pathophysiological disturbances and differentiating the mild and moderated degrees of cranio-cerebral injury severity it is advisable to use such laboratory tests as those for disorders of the composition of the cerebrospinal fluid (erythrochromia, hyperproteinochromia, pleocytosis, cytological values) and blood (leukocytosis with a shift of the neutrophils to the left, increased Krebs' index, increased ESR), tests for disorders of carbohydrate and protein metabolism (fructosuria, dysproteinemia), for the degree of intensified blood coagulation activity and tests for abnormalities in the renal function (albuminuria, microhematuria).