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1.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital ; 38(2): 115-123, 2018 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29967550

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disease of the nose and paranasal sinuses affecting 11% of the European population. Cyclamen europaeum plant extract (CE) has demonstrated efficacy in treating acute rhinosinusitis, but its role in CRS exacerbations remains unknown. In this real-life, prospective, epidemiological, observational study, a total of 317 patients with exacerbations of CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) of moderate severity were treated using three different options: oral antibiotics, CE extract nasal spray, or the combination of oral antibiotic with CE extract. The main outcomes were the effect of treatment on sinonasal symptoms and endoscopic appearance after 6 weeks of therapy, and the number of recurrences of CRS exacerbations after 6 months of follow-up. On the top of oral antibiotics, CE extract significantly improved sinonasal symptoms and endoscopic findings and caused a 4-fold reduction of CRS recurrences. When administered in monotherapy, CE extract was at least as effective as antibiotic in monotherapy on relief of both symptoms and reduction of CRS recurrences. In patients with CRS exacerbation of moderate severity, CE extract nasal spray in monotherapy or added to standard antibiotic treatment significantly reduces sinonasal symptoms and CRS recurrences compared to antibiotics in monotherapy.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Cyclamen , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Rhinitis/drug therapy , Sinusitis/drug therapy , Administration, Oral , Adolescent , Adult , Chronic Disease , Disease Progression , Drug Synergism , Drug Therapy, Combination , Epidemiologic Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Recurrence , Rhinitis/complications , Sinusitis/complications , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
2.
Rhinology ; 54(1): 68-74, 2016 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26501135

ABSTRACT

AIM: This multicenter study was focused on the identification of the microorganisms inhabiting the maxillary sinus and middle nasal meatus in chronic rhinosinusitis. METHODOLOGY: 112 middle meatus swabs and 112 maxillary sinus aspirates from 103 patients were available for culture. RESULTS: A total of 244 strains of microorganisms representing more than 50 families were identified in the maxillary sinus and middle nasal meatus (164 and 80, respectively). These included 154 (63.0%) strains of aerobic bacteria from 32 species and 90 (37.0%) strains of anaerobic bacteria from 23 species. Aerobes were more common than anaerobes in both the nasal cavity (78.7% vs. 21.3%) and in the maxillary sinus (55.2% vs. 44.8%). Species of Streptococci (28.8%) and Prevotella (17.8%) were the most common findings in the maxillary sinus aspirates. S. pneumonia, H. influenza, and S. aureus were relatively rare, and found in only 6.7%, 5.4%, and 8.9% of the samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained suggest that common upper airway pathogens do not play a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis. The microbiome of inflamed sinonasal mucosa is extremely diverse and involves exotic species of bacteria that, to date, have not been considered as potential inhabitants of the paranasal sinuses.


Subject(s)
Maxillary Sinus/microbiology , Maxillary Sinusitis/microbiology , Microbiota , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Chronic Disease , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Female , Humans , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Middle Aged , Penicillin Resistance , Prospective Studies , Young Adult
3.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; (2): 91-6, 2012.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22833883

ABSTRACT

The study of chronic rhinosinusitis is a challenging problem bearing in mind the ever-increasing morbidity and the lack of generally accepted criteria for diagnostics and treatment of this pathology. There is a great variety of factors predisposing to the development of chronic rhinosinusitis whereas its etiology remains controversial. Moreover, the pathogenetic mechanisms of chronic rhinosinusitis remain to be elucidated despite a wealth of publications devoted to this problem The results of many evidence-based investigations are different and even conflicting. Both diagnostic techniques and characteristics of chronic rhinosinusitis vary in a broad range depending on the standards adopted in different countries.


Subject(s)
Rhinitis/diagnosis , Rhinitis/epidemiology , Sinusitis/diagnosis , Sinusitis/epidemiology , Causality , Chronic Disease , Comorbidity , Humans , Nasal Mucosa/pathology , Rhinitis/therapy , Sinusitis/therapy
4.
Ter Arkh ; 79(8): 41-4, 2007.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17926470

ABSTRACT

AIM: To compare efficacy of avelox systemic antibiotic therapy with and without maxillary puncture in acute purulent rhinosinusitis (ARS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 40 ARS patients were divided into two groups: puncture was not made in 20 patients of the study group and was made in 20 patients of the control group. Subjective assessment of rhinosinusitis symptoms was made by visual scale Kennedy-Lund, objective assessment was made by x-ray or CT findings. RESULTS: A clinical response was observed in all 40 patients. Complications or side effects associated with avelox administration were not registered. Regress of rhinosinusitis symptoms did not significantly differ between the controls and test patients. The roentgenographic picture did not differ significantly, CT showed that the response came faster without puncture. CONCLUSION: Systemic antibiotic therapy of uncomplicated purulent rhinosinusitis with avelox is not inferior by efficacy to the standard puncture treatment.


Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Aza Compounds/therapeutic use , Maxillary Sinusitis/drug therapy , Quinolines/therapeutic use , Rhinitis/drug therapy , Acute Disease , Antitubercular Agents , Female , Fluoroquinolones , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Maxillary Sinusitis/complications , Maxillary Sinusitis/diagnostic imaging , Moxifloxacin , Rhinitis/complications , Rhinitis/diagnostic imaging , Suppuration , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
5.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; (4): 41-4, 2006.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17152474

ABSTRACT

Frequency of the injury of the nasolacrimal duct ostium during maxillary puncture through the lower nasal passage was estimated endoscopically. Changes in the maxillary medial wall during the puncture were also studied. Anatomic features of the ostiomeatal complex which may contribute to development of chronic inflammation were determined. Forty one sinuses of 27 deceased middle-aged patients were examined within 24 hours after death. One third of patients in a random population had chronic maxillary inflammation caused by structural anomalies in the ostiomeatal complex. Half of the punctures were made with severe traumas of the nasolacrimal duct ostium. Natural anastomosis of the sinus did not function in about 20% cases. Accessory anastomosis in the posterior fontanelle was registered in 12.2% cases. The posterior fontanelle broke during sinus lavage in 3 cases. Indications for maxillary puncture in acute and chronic maxillary sinusitis should be considered much more carefully in the presence of stable alterations in the ostiomeatal complex and block of the natural anastomosis.


Subject(s)
Endoscopy/methods , Maxillary Sinusitis/diagnostic imaging , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Maxillary Sinusitis/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Punctures/methods , Radiography
6.
Klin Khir ; (12): 37-9, 2003 Dec.
Article in Ukrainian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15074213

ABSTRACT

Results of treatment of 725 patients, to whom operative interventions were performed for various diseases of urogenital system, were analyzed. The patients were separated on groups depending on the stage of incidence of the thromboembolic complications (THEC) occurrence. Application of fraxiparine had promoted the significant reduction of the THEC occurrence. Its wide application for the THEC prophylaxis is recommended.


Subject(s)
Kidney Neoplasms/surgery , Postoperative Complications , Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Venous Thrombosis , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Venous Thrombosis/etiology , Venous Thrombosis/prevention & control , Venous Thrombosis/surgery
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