[Barrett esophagus: modern diagnosis, drug therapy and reduce risk of cancer].

This article describes ways of risk reducing of esophageal adenocarcinoma with the use of modern screening treatment methods of GERD and Barrett esophagus.

[Experience of application of Esomeprazole in patients with chronic hepatic diseases associated with acid-dependent diseases]. / Opyt primeneniia ézomeprazola u bol'nykh khronicheskimi zabolevaniiami pecheni v sochetanii s kislotno-zavisimymi zabolevaniiami.

Esomeprazole is efficient for acid-dependent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with chronic hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis as it can reduce the disease symptoms and cause the epithelization of erosive and ulcerative defects of the mucous coat. The terms of the cicatrisation of erosive and ulcerative defects of the mucous coat of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum are comparable in patients with liver diseases and in the population (without chronic hepatic diseases). The simultaneous application of Nexium and modern hepatotropic drugs does not cause the development of hepatotoxic reactions.

[Use of peg-intron in combined treatment of chronic liver disease caused by HIV infection]. / Primenenie peginrona v kompleksnom lechenii khronicheskikh zabolevanii pecheni, obuslovlennykh HCV-inektsiei.

The efficiency of treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis type C and liver cirrhosis of HCV etiology with PegIntron in conjunction with Ribavirin made up 73.3% in the group of patients with different HCV genotypes. Due to the development of side effects, it was possible to perform the complete course of treatment only in 30 patients out of 34 (88.2%). Side effects from the side of the central nervous system (irritability, depressive syndrome, sleep disorders), skin (xerodermia, alopecia, seborrhea), and weight loss prevailed against the background of combined treatment with PegIntron and Ribavirin. Upon the completion of treatment, side effects disappeared in 31 patients out of 34 (91.2%) within 1-3 months.

[New prospects in treating chronic pancreatitis (clinico-pharmacoeconomic study)]. / Novye vozmozhnosti v lechenii khronicheskogo pankreatita (kliniko-farmakoékonomicheskoe issledovanie).

The argument about advantages of certain herniotomy methods has not been settled up to now. Some authors believe that it is reasonable to perform a Shouldice's operation for all inguinal hernias, while others think that it is optimum to use synthetic materials. Certain surgeons prefer endoscopic techniques for recurrent inguinal hernias, etc. In all fairness, it should be acknowledged that none of the currently available hernioplasty methods can ultimately secure against a recurrence of hernia one hundred per cent. Only a differentiated approach to the selection of surgery methods, sufficient surgeon's experience in this field, thorough analysis of remote results of his own operations as well as the use of up-to-date plastic materials, all taken in the aggregate, can considerable improve the results of herniotomy.

Therapy of peptic ulcer with semax peptide.

Experiments used is combination with traditional preparations (omeprasole, de-nol, and solcoseril), Semax peptide (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) possessing nootropic and neuroprotective activity significantly promoted ulcer healing in patients with refractory peptic ulcers. On day 14 of treatment ulcer healing was observed in 89.5% patients receiving intranasal Semax (1% solution, 2-4 drops 3 times a day for 10 days) vs. 30.8% in the control group. Clinical studies of antiulcer activity of Semax in different combinations with usual antiulcer drugs are needed.

[Blood endorphin levels in myocardial infarction]. / Endorfiny krovi pri infarkte miokarda.

Blood gamma-endorphin concentrations were repeatedly measured, using an original radioimmunoassay, in patients with myocardial infarction. In the early days of acute myocardial infarction, high levels of this opioid peptide were observed, then plasma gamma-endorphin concentration gradually decreased by the time of discharge. In patients with grave complications, gamma-endorphin level was significantly lower, as compared to patients with uncomplicated infarction.

[Radioimmunologic and radioreceptor studies of the pharmacokinetics of the enkephalin analog dalargin in man]. / Radioimmunnoe i radioretseptornoe izuchenie farmakokinetiki analoga énkefalinov dalargina u cheloveka.

Pharmacokinetics of dalargin, an opioid hexapeptide, was investigated on 7 males by two approaches. Dalargin radioimmunoassay was performed using a highly specific antiserum reacting only with the whole molecule. In radioreceptor assay lyophilized rat brain membranes containing opiate receptors were used. 2-6 min after intravenous introduction of 1-10 mg dalargin, immunoreactive dalargin blood concentration was lower than 0.5 ng/ml. The results of radioreceptor assay were presented as a biexponential curve with a fast main phase of activity changes (90%, characteristic time 1.5-5.0 min) and a slow "clearance" phase (10% of the substance, characteristic time 85-200 min). Prolonged presence of receptor-active substances in the blood can be attributed to the products of dalargin degeneration, namely its N-terminal penta- and tetrapeptides.

[Dynamics of the basal gastrin concentration of duodenal ulcer patients during the development of remission of the disease]. / Dinamika bazal'noi kontsentratsii gastrina u bol'nykh duodenal'noi iazvoi v protsesse stanovleniia remissii zabolevaniia.

The authors describe the results of studying basal gastrin secretion in patients with peptic ulcer of the duodenum at different phases of disease treated in 3 stages. It was revealed that basal secretion of gastrin experienced substantial changes in the course of transition from the phase of exacerbation to the phase of disease remission. It was noted that the onset of the clinico-endoscopic remission of peptic ulcer did not correlate in all the cases with normalization of basal gastrin level. Patients who did not show normalization of basal gastrin level during treatment were more prone to the development of repeated exacerbations. Based on the data obtained the authors determined the prognostic importance of radioimmunoassay of gastrin basal concentration over time. The increment of gastrin concentration by more than 35 pg/ml of the level seen during peptic ulcer exacerbation is a prognostically unfavourable sign, for the probability of relapses rises up to 79% during a year.