ABSTRACT
The increasing number of overweight and obese people makes the search for new effective ways to reduce body weight extremely urgent. Recently, intermittent fasting has received a lot of attention, as a dietary protocol, presumably effective in reducing body weight. Despite the large number of studies, the effects of intermittent fasting on the human body are controversial, since studies differ in dietary options, design, and often have a small sample size. In this review of the literature, the authors cite the results of studies of the effectiveness of intermittent fasting in patients with obesity, diabetes mellitus, and high risks of developing cardiovascular diseases.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Fasting , Humans , Overweight , Obesity , Body Weight , Diabetes Mellitus/etiologyABSTRACT
Low-carb diets have been successfully used to alleviate a number of severe neurological diseases for about 100 years. The publication of the results of new studies suggesting that this type of diet may play a therapeutic role in other pathologies such as diabetes, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, and oncology is of particular interest for both doctors and the public. However, the long-term safety of using a low-carb or ketogenic diet, as well as its impact, primarily on the risks of developing cardiovascular diseases, remains poorly studied. This article presents the results of observation of patients against the background of a low-carbohydrate diet, both in the short-term perspective as well as provides an assessment of its long-term consequences.
Subject(s)
Diet, Ketogenic , Contraindications , Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted , Diet, Ketogenic/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Obesity , Weight LossABSTRACT
AIM: To determine the levels of growth factors and glycation end products in patients with different forms of coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 134 patients with CHD and T2DM, including 38 patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (ACS), were examined. The arterial and venous serum levels of basic fibroblast growth factor-ß (FGF-ß), transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß), placental growth factor (PlGF), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors (RAGE) were estimated in all the patients. RESULTS: A direct correlation was found between the degree of arterial stenosis and the level of growth factors and AGEs in the patients with T2DM; there was also a direct correlation of the examined factors with lipid metabolic parameters. There was a significant two-fold increase in FGF-ß, PlGF, and RAGE levels in the patients with ACS. CONCLUSION: Hyperglycemia was found to negatively affect the progression of atherosclerotic changes in the vessel wall and on that of fibrotic processes.
ABSTRACT
Comparative analysis of the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of a new dipeptide anxiolytic compound GB-115 in three drug forms for peroral administration, developed in the experimental technology department of the Institute of pharmacology RAMS, was carried out. Three drug forms of GB-115 and a micronized substance of this compound were different in composition and technology of production. As a result of the investigations of GB-115 pharmacokinetics, drug form No. 2 (with a relative bioequivalence of 192%) showed advantages in comparison to the micronized parent substance and two other drug forms (bioequivalence, 53 and 117%) and can be recommended for further pharmacological studies.
