ABSTRACT
Using restriction analysis of noncoding rDNA regions, multiplex PCR, and molecular karyotyping, we have examined Saccharomyces strains isolated from red berry wine materials in Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. According to the molecular analysis, all strains belong to the species S. cerevisiae. A correlation was revealed between microsatellite fingerprints of the strains and the source of their isolation. The strains isolated from juices and from the surface of different berries showed distinct PCR profiles. The genome compositions of interspecific Saccharomyces hybrids of natural and laboratory origin were studied.
Subject(s)
Genome, Fungal , Saccharomyces/genetics , DNA Primers , DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , Fermentation , Fruit/metabolism , Karyotyping , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Saccharomyces/metabolism , Species Specificity , Wine/microbiologyABSTRACT
Year-round studies of epiphytic yeast communities revealed that the number of ascosporogenous yeasts of the genus Saccharomyces inhabiting living and decaying leaves of some plants increased considerably in certain short periods (at the beginning of summer and in winter). Massive isolation of saccharomycetes was performed from 11 plant species; earlier, these yeasts had been revealed mainly in sugar-rich substrates. The isolates were identified as Saccharomyces paradoxus based on their physiological properties and the lengths of restriction fragments of 5.8S-ITS rDNA. Possible reasons for short-term increases in the number of saccharomycetes in plant phyllosphere are discussed.
Subject(s)
Saccharomyces/classification , Saccharomyces/isolation & purification , DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/genetics , Ecosystem , Plant Leaves/microbiology , RNA, Fungal/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S/genetics , Russia , Saccharomyces/genetics , Seasons , Species Specificity , Trees/microbiologyABSTRACT
Molecular genetic study of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated at various stages of sherry making (young wine, solera, and criadera) in various winemaking regions of Spain demonstrated that sherry yeasts diverged from the primary winemaking yeasts according to several physiological and molecular markers. All sherry strains independently of the place and time of their isolation carry a 24-bp deletion in the ITS 1 region of ribosomal DNA, whereas the yeasts of the primary winemaking lack this deletion. Molecular karyotypes of the sherry yeast from different populations were found very similar.
