[Role of the environment in the occurrence of noninfectious diseases of the digestive tract in the Primorie Territory].

The paper presents the results of a hygienic study to identify the leading regional risk factors for noninfectious diseases of the digestive tract (DT) in the Primorye Territory. Data on 55 environmental factors and registered deaths by 5 groups of noninfectious DT diseases over 15 years were collected for the study. The authors used an original scheme for identifying risk factors for DT diseases, by concurrently applying a correlation and regression analysis. The chemical composition of portable water from the water supply system, soil contamination by trace elements, and socioeconomic factors showed 5.6-23.2% responsibility for the geographical distribution of the bulk of DT diseases. At the same time, many years' rises in morbidity rates among children and adolescents by 5.6-18.2% and adults by as high as 50% are attributable to altered daily diets and socioeconomic factors and to reduced access to medical care. The nature of the found risk factors allows one to direct the main ways to prevent non-infectious DT diseases among the region's population.

[The specific features of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus supply to the population in the Primorskii territory].

The paper states the results of hygienic evaluation of the actual average daily dietary and drinking water intakes of calcium and magnesium in the population of the Primorye territory in 2007. The use of phosphorus as a factor that influenced the assimilability calcium and magnesium was additionally studied. The investigation used the methods of budgetary follow-up and questionnaire surveys, by applying the data on the chemical composition of foodstuffs and individual types of drinking waters. There were inadequate actual average daily intakes of calcium (22-31.1% of the normal values) and partly magnesium (574-117.5% of the normal values) and imbalance of these elements and phosphorus. Deficient intake of calcium and magnesium was most common in the residents of south-west and north-west areas of the territory. The main causes of this deficiency are the lower intake of dairy and meat products and green vegetables, the low levels of calcium and magnesium in the drinking water of its facilities, and the wide use of house water mineralization block-free filters.

[Occurrence of somatic pathology of the gastrointestinal tract: hygienic aspects (a review of literature)].

The paper states the results of modern Russian and foreign scientific literature on the risk factors of human noninfectious gastrointestinal diseases. The major groups of exogenous risk factors of this pathology: social, economic, natural, man-made factors and lifestyle were identified. The paper shows it necessary to reveal priority regional risk factors of gastrointestinal diseases to warrant measures for primary prevention at the population-based level.

[Age-related changes of lipid spectrum, level of lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant defence in the liver and blood of rats]. / Vozrastnye izmeneniia lipidnogo spektra urovnia peroxidatsii lipidov i antioksidantnoi zashchity v krovi i pecheni krys.

It has been shown that the lowest level of total lipids, cholesterol, triacylglycerols and products of lipid peroxidation of blood and liver, as a rule, is specific to adult rats. These characteristics are significantly higher for old and young animals. At the same time, the level of glutathione and alphatocopherols in adults' liver is much higher than in young and old rats. It suggests the lower level of processes of lipid peroxidation in adult mature rats. The relative high level of products of lipid peroxidation and low content of alpha-tocopherols in old rats' liver (against the background of higher activity and glutamineperoxidase, and glutathionereductase than in adults) suggests tocopherol deficiency in old animals. High content of total lipids, cholesterol and cholesterol entering into the composition of lipoprotein of different density, triacylglycerols, diene conjugates and malonic dialdehide, activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes of antioxidant defence in young animals as compared with these levels in adult rats seems to be associated with agerelated hypercholesterolemia and intensive plastic changes of a growing organism.

[Antioxidant activity of the hepatoprotector maxar in experimental diabetes]. / Antioksidantnoe deistvie gepatoprotektora maksara pri éksperimental'nom diabete.

Maxar, a hepatoprotector of plant origin containing polyphenols, exhibits an antioxidant effect in animals with alloxane-induced diabetes. The administration of maxar reduces the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and normalizes the level of LPO products (diene conjugates, malonic dialdehyde, Schiff bases) in liver. The drug produces regulation of the protective antioxidant system primarily by increasing the level of endogenous antioxidants via activation of the glutathione-dependent enzymatic mechanisms and detoxication of lipid hydroperoxide radicals.

[Effect of biologically active substances from marine organisms on lipid peroxidation-antioxidant defence system in gastroduodenitis, associated with hyperlipidemia]. / Sostoianie sistemy perekisnoe okislenie lipidov--antioksidantnaia zashchita pri gastroduodenite, assotsiirovannom s giperlipidemiei, pod deistviem biologicheski aktivnykh veshchestv morskikh gidrobiontov.

An experimental model of gastroduodenitis combined with hyperlipidemia was used to study the effects of the product Zolotoi rog (Golden Horn) which is a composition of biologically active substances of marine organisms and honey. It was found that a course administration of Zolotoi rog in a dose 2.5 mg/kg b.w. improves histomorphology of gastric mucosa, acts hypolipidemically, raises reserves of the antioxidant system of the body and suppresses intensity of lipid peroxidation.

[Antiatherogenic properies of various types of carbonate mineral drinking waters]. / Antiaterogennye svoistva razlichnykh tipov uglekislykh mineral'nykh vod pri vnutrennem ikh primenenii.

Carbonate mineral waters of different types (Shmakovskaya, Sinegorskaya, Utserskaya) were examined in experimental model of hyperlipidemia for action on atherogenically altered lipid spectrum of blood and oxidative resistance of plasma. The above waters differ in mineralization and specific components. Carbonate waters were found to have antiatherogenic properties and positive action on lipid indices and antiradical defense. Specific features of different carbonate waters enable a differentiated approach to correction of different variants of lipid disorders.

[Age and sex characteristics of phospholipid composition of Wistar rat erythrocytes during postnatal ontogenesis]. / Vozrastnye i polovye osobennosti fosfolipidnogo sostava éritrotsitov krys linii Vistar v protsesse postnatal'nogo ontogeneza.

The composition of phospholipids and fatty acids of erythrocyte lipids of intact mature Wistar rats and their progeny in the age of 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60, 90 and 110 days was studied with the methods of micro-thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography. Sex features and age mechanism of erythrocyte lipids composition forming in physiologically standard conditions were established. The fact that the composition of erythrocyte lipids of the untreated grown-up male rats in comparison with the female species is characterised with a lower concentration of phosphatidylinositol, a higher level of phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, a higher saturation level of molecular types of phospholipids, was described. Three age periods of homeostasis of the erythrocyte lipids of the intact rats were distinguished. The postembryonic period (30-40 days after birth) is characterised with forming of the basic pool of erythrocyte lipids: getting to the stability in levels of the basic components of phospholipids and their fatty acids, coming out of phosphatidylinositol by the 40th day after birth. The period of sex-growing (60 days) is accompanied by spasmodic changes in the levels of fatty acids which is most common for female species: rapid increase in saturated and omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, decrease in monoene and omega 6 polyene fatty acids. The period of maturity (110 days) is characterised by a slow metabolism of structural lipids and a stabilisation of their composition.

Effect of Maksar on antioxidant system in rats with type IIa alimentary hyperlipoproteinemia.

The development of type IIa alimentary hyperlipoproteinemia in rats was accompanied by changes in activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes, exhaustion of the reserves of antioxidant vitamins in the liver and blood, and intensification of lipid peroxidation. The hepatoprotective preparation Maksar obtained from far-eastern plants Maachia amurensis and containing natural biological antioxidants normalized blood lipid composition, corrected liver lipidosis, and improved the antioxidant defense system.

A model of combined gastroduodenitis and hyperlipidemia in rats.

We elaborated a model of gastroduodenitis combined with hyperlipidemia in rats. This model is based on alimentary lipid disturbances and morphological changes in the gastroduodenal mucosa caused by exogenous damaging factors. Morphological assay revealed gastroduodenitis; biochemical studies of the blood and liver demonstrated hyperlipidemia. This model holds much promise for evaluating pathogenetic mechanisms of combined gastroduodenal and heart diseases.

[Combined use of drinking mineral water and the natural enterosorbent zosterine in kidney stones (an experimental study)]. / K voprosy kompleksnogo ispol'zovaniia pit'evykh mineral'nykh vod i prirodnogo énterosorbenta zosterina pri nefrokal'tsinoze (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

A combined action of carbonic mineral waters of Shmakovsky and Mukhensky deposits and natural enterosorbent zosterin was studied in nephrocalcinosis in experiment. Taking carbonic mineral waters reduced intoxication, stimulates filtration and excretory renal functions. Zosterin delays calcium in the renal tissue in nephrocalcinosis. Therefore, these two factors were incompatible in animals with experimental renal affection.

[The iron carbonate waters of the Maritime Territory]. / Uglekislye zhelezistye vody Primorskogo kraia.

Balneological and experimental examinations were made of physiological properties of carbonate iron mineral waters of the Primorskiy Territory. The waters were found perspective as a source of ecologically healthy water, to prevent diseases, to raise nonspecific resistance of the body.

[A specialized product with antioxidant action in the treatment of lipid disorders in experimental hyperlipoproteinemia]. / Spetsializirovannyi produkt antioksidantnogo deistviia v korrektsii lipidnykh narushenii pri éksperimetal'noi giperlipoproteidemii.

At an experimental model of alimentary hyperlipoproteinemia the medical effect of specialized product "Zolotoi Rog", a composition of biologically active substances, antioxidants and honey, isolated from marine organisms, was analysed. The hypolipidemic effect of this product was defined at violations of lipid metabolism of blood and liver of animals. Deterioration of the processes of lipids peroxidation and raising activity of antioxidant system of an organism, were revealed.

[Effect of marine pectin in complex with mineral water on blood antioxidant system in experimental hyperlipidemia]. / Vliianie pektina morskogo proiskhozhdeniia v komplekse s mineral'nymi vodami na antioksidantnuiu sistemu krovi pri éksperimental'noi giperlipidemii.

Experimental investigations on impact of biological active additives zosterin to food in complex with carbonate mineral waters on system peroxidate oxidation of lipids-antioxidant protection at hyperlipidemia have been conducted. It has been established the corrected action of each tested remedy taken separately and in different combinations on process of peroxidation of lipids and antioxidant functions of organism.

[The possibilities of isoptin treatment of pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis]. / Vozmozhnosti lecheniia izoptinov legochnoi gipertenzii u bol'nykh khronicheskim obstruktivnym bronkhitom.

The study included 30 patients with COB coursing from 5 to 15 years, free of chronic cor pulmonale symptoms. All the patients had moderate obstructive impairment of pulmonary ventilation with hemodynamic disorders and defects in myocardial contractility indicating the presence of transitory pulmonary hypertension (PH). Patients of the control group received conventional therapy. It was combined with isoptin-retard (240 mg/day) in the study group. The treatment produced a positive effect in all the patients, but those of the study group exhibited more pronounced decrease in pulmonary artery pressure, achieved better hemodynamics and myocardial contractility. Isoptin-retard in daily dose 240 mg is recommended in COB patients to prevent onset of chronic cor pulmonale.

[The effect of the internal intake of carbonate mineral waters on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in the development of experimental obesity]. / Vliianie vnutrennego priema uglekislykh mineral'nykh vod na obmen lipidov i uglevodov pri razvitii éksperimental'nogo ozhireniia.

Experimental alimentary obesity was treated with hydrocarbonate magnesium-calcium water from Shmakovskoe deposit and hydrocarbonate-chloride sodium arsenous boric iodine-bromine water from springs in Sinegorsk. The study of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism proved the ability of the waters to prevent complex metabolic disorders typical for obesity.

[Therapeutic effect of lipids from the Far Eastern sardine (Sardinops sagax melanostica) in experimental hypercholesterolemia in rats]. / Terapevticheskii éffekt lipidov dal'nevostochnoi sardiny pri éksperimental'noi giperkholesterinemii u krys.

Hypercholesterolemia was experimentally induced in rats which received diets with a high fat content (66% calories) and cholesterol loading (2.5% of ration). The therapeutic effect of lipids isolated from quick-frozen Far East sardines was tested on rats given 500 mg lipids daily. The content of the blood serum lipid fractions in the test animals decreased under the action of the sardines' lipids: the total cholesterol level dropped by 23%, beta-lipoprotein cholesterol by 29%, triglycerides by 15%; the content of beta-lipoproteins became normal. The blood coagulation time was diminished in rats receiving diets with a high content of fat and cholesterol, as compared to that in control animals; and it increased under the action of sardines' lipids. A conclusion has been made on the hypolipidemic property of Far East sardines' lipids that produce a therapeutic effect on the blood lipid metabolism in animals.