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1.
Fiziol Cheloveka ; 38(5): 58-66, 2012.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23101241

ABSTRACT

The vegetative correlates of individual differences in the effectiveness of the purposeful activity during computer sensory motor test and computer testing of the level of knowledge of students were studied. For the students, who reached the high results of sensory motor and training tests it was characteristic the lability of vegetative indices, which is manifested in a change in the absolute values and relationship of the characteristics of heart rate and hemodynamic in accordance with the stages of activity. These changes were specific for each of the forms of activity and connected with the results of tests. By the physiological prerequisites of the high lability of vegetative characteristics, which ensures the capability of the subject successfully to be adapted for the conditions of activity, appeared high initial values TP, power LF and HF of the ranges of spectrum.


Subject(s)
Computers , Heart Rate/physiology , Test Taking Skills , Adult , Humans , Male
2.
Vestn Khir Im I I Grek ; 169(3): 91-3, 2010.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20804036

ABSTRACT

The breast MRI with contrast enhancement, sonography and mammography were performed in 82 female patients (mean age 54 +/- 3 years) with breast malignancy. Mammography and USI detected correct size of tumor only in 57 out of 82 cases (69.5%), in 21 cases (25.6%) the size of the tumor were underestimated, in 4 cases (4.9%) overestimated. MRI showed precise size of tumors in 91% of cases with underestimation in 5% and overestimation in 4% of cases. Breast MRI gives more accurate estimation of the tumor extent compared with US and mammography (91.4% versus 69.5%). Both MRI and conventional diagnostic tools showed precise size of the tumor in 68% of the patients. Thus, MRI gives more accurate estimation of the tumor extent than US and mammography, which is of particular importance in the preoperative evaluation when breast-conserving surgery is planned with the main purpose to reach the optimal balance between radical treatment and cosmetic effect.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Breast Neoplasms/ultrastructure , Early Diagnosis , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mammography , Middle Aged , Physical Examination , Ultrasonography, Mammary
3.
Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk ; (5): 42-50, 2010.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20608046

ABSTRACT

The extensive development of nanotechnologies in the last two decades has brought about new understanding of plasma lipoproteins (LP) as natural drug nanocarriers that escape interaction with immune and reticuloendothelial systems. Drugs bound to LP (especially LDL) can more actively penetrate into cells of many cancer and inflammation tissues with enhanced expression or/and dysregulation of B,E receptors or possibly scavenger SR-BI receptors. Relevant studies are focused on the development of new dosage forms by conjugating lipophilic drugs either with isolated plasma LP or with their model formulations, such as nanoemulsions, mimetics, lipid nanospheres, etc. Some authors include in these particles serum or recombinant apoproteins, peptides, and modified polymer products. As shown recently, protein-free lipid nanoemulsions in plasma take up free apoA and apoE. Complexes with various LP also form after direct administration of lypophilic drugs into blood especially those enclosed in phospholipid formulations, e.g. liposomes. Results of evaluation of some lipophilic dugs (mainly cytostatics, amphotericin B, cyclosporine A, etc.) are discussed. Original data are presented on the influence of phospholipid formulations on the distribution of doxorubicin and indomethacin between LP classes after in vitro incubation in plasma. On the whole, the review illustrates the importance of research on LP and phospholi pid forms as drug nanocarriers to be used to enhance effect of therapy.


Subject(s)
Blood Proteins , Drug Carriers , Lipoproteins, LDL , Phospholipids , Animals , Humans , Liposomes , Nanoparticles , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Pharmaceutical Preparations/blood , Pharmacokinetics
4.
Kardiologiia ; 44(5): 36-9, 2004.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15159720

ABSTRACT

Cholesterol (CH) acceptance ability of high density lipoproteins (HDL) was assessed in 43 ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients, including patients with post-infarction cardiosclerosis and class II-III effort angina. CH acceptance ability of HDL was measured as increment of HDL CH after incubation with artificial CH-containing system. Oxidabilities of HDL and total plasma were estimated by quantitation of lipid peroxidation products (hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances - TBARS) after incubation with Cu(2+) ions. HDL fraction (after apo B lipoproteins removal) of IHD patients appeared to include 2 times less additive CH compared with donor's HDL despite lower (-12%) HDL CH level. Negative correlation (r =-0.38, p<0.05) existed between formed TBARS in HDL and HDL CH acceptance. In total plasma of IHD patients elevation of both formed TBARS and particularly hydroperoxides was observed. Parallelism between decrease of CH acceptance by HDL, oxidability of HDL and of total plasma testifies on weakness not only of CH-accepting, but also of antioxidant HDL functions in IHD patients.


Subject(s)
Cholesterol , Lipoproteins, HDL , Cholesterol/blood , Cholesterol, HDL/metabolism , Coronary Artery Disease , Humans , Lipid Peroxidation , Lipoproteins, HDL/blood , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
5.
Biomed Khim ; 50(6): 615-20, 2004.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15707278

ABSTRACT

The simple way of quantitative evaluation of high density lipoproteins (HDL) capacity to absorb additive cholesterol quantity is proposed. It allows to evaluate indirectly intensity of the first, rate limiting stage of reverse cholesterol transport its accepting from the cells by means of HDL. The way includes the usage of stable artificial cholesterol donor--cholesterol covered inert polymer particles, which are than more convenient, than cell culture use. The total HDL rough fraction (i.e. serum after apoB lipoproteins removal) was shown to include more than 50% cholesterol in addition to yet presenting amount. But this ability is sharply reduced, or sometimes even is completely absent, in HDL of 63 coronary heart disease (CHD) patients (as compared with 41 healthy donors). This difference of potential cholesterol accepting capacity is revealed even at the same initial HDL concentrations. The negative correlation (r = - 0.32, p < 0.05) between this HDL property (delta HDL cholesterol) and their oxidability in the ions Cu2+ presence was observed. This underlines atherogenic role of HDL oxidability. The treatment of patients by phospholipids (as Lipostabyl) resulted to recovery of HDL cholesterol accepting capacity. The possible mechanisms of junction of this HDL activity with their oxidability are discussed, as well as necessity of evaluation of HDL properties and reverse cholesterol transport for the choice of care strategy of CHD patients.


Subject(s)
Blood Chemical Analysis/methods , Cholesterol/blood , Coronary Disease/blood , Lipoproteins, HDL/blood , Female , Humans , Male
6.
Vopr Med Khim ; 48(3): 297-303, 2002.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12243089

ABSTRACT

Cholesterol of high density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions (HDL2 and HDL3), activity of cholesterol ester transport protein (CETP), and standard lipoprotein parameters (cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol) were measured in plasma of 192 patients with various psoriasis forms, which included simple "distributed psoriasis", erythrodermic and arthropathic psoriasis. Among psoriatic patients unusually high percent of persons with both hypo- and hyper-cholesterolemia was observed. The same situation was observed with frequency of cases with both low and high plasma HDL cholesterol levels, the distribution being depending from disease severity. In contrast to norm, psoriasis patients had big range not only in HDL2 cholesterol level, but also in HDL3 cholesterol. They also had decreased CETP activity. Data obtained suggest the existence of changes in reverse cholesterol transport system in psoriasis, which may influence skin cell proliferation (via control of cell supply with cholesterol).


Subject(s)
Lipids/blood , Psoriasis/blood , Arteriosclerosis/blood , Cholesterol/blood , Humans , Lipoproteins, HDL/blood , Middle Aged , Triglycerides/blood
8.
Probl Tuberk ; (8): 24-6, 2001.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11767384

ABSTRACT

Vertical diffusion on the Löwenstein-Jensen medium was used to study blood bacteriostatic activity (BBA) in 174 patients with respiratory tuberculosis in relation to the drug resistance of isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) strains and to the course of a tuberculous process. There was a clear relationship of BBA to the sensitivity of MT cultures to isoniazid: BAC was high and moderate in 90.8-98.2% of cases if strain drug sensitivity was present and low or null in 98% with drug resistance. The high and medium values of BBA correlated with the clinical indices "improvement" and "significant improvement". Patients with zero and lower values of BBA and isoniazid resistance showed a progressive specific process in 22.0% of cases. Estimation of total BBA by using liquid media is the most informative method.


Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology , Isoniazid/pharmacology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Chi-Square Distribution , Culture Media , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Humans , Isoniazid/therapeutic use , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/growth & development , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/blood , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/microbiology
10.
Izv Akad Nauk Ser Biol ; (3): 281-90, 1995.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7670352

ABSTRACT

The growth-inhibiting effect on the roots of maize and cucumber shoots was studied. We tested 53 triamine complexes of platinum (cis*- and trans*-[Pt(NH3)*2LCl]Cl, cis*- and trans*-[PtHx*2LCl]Cl and [PtenLCl]Cl, where Hx is hydroxylamine, en is ethylenediamine, and L are various heterocycles, which either have biological activity and occur in the cells or have no biological activity and are foreign to the cells). The cis*-[Pt(NH3)*2LCl]Cl and [PtenLCl]Cl complexes showed cytostatic properties, and the latter were effective at higher concentrations. Small changes in the composition of ligand L led to marked changes in the biological activity of the complexes. In order to characterize the effect of the complexes, we first determined the time of development of the lateral root from its initial appearance to its divergence from the main root (Tlat). The complexes with cytostatic properties markedly inhibited root branching and increased Tlat. The other complexes had virtually no effect on Tlat and reduced the zone of lateral roots only at the expense of inhibition of the main root growth. The complexes with cytostatic properties markedly inhibited the main root growth with time. Parallel studies conducted in the Oncological Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences have shown that the complexes with cytostatic properties display distinct antitumor activity.


Subject(s)
Organoplatinum Compounds/pharmacology , Cell Division/drug effects , Organoplatinum Compounds/chemistry , Plant Roots/cytology , Plant Roots/drug effects , Stereoisomerism , Structure-Activity Relationship
11.
Biull Eksp Biol Med ; 116(9): 286-8, 1993 Sep.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7509649

ABSTRACT

For the first time the experimental method of exogenous RNA has been used to evaluate the role of protein synthesis in different organs for the development of resistance to the soporific effect of barbiturates. Liver cytosolic RNA of phenobarbital-treated donors was found to reproduce completely the effect of phenobarbital-induced resistance to barbiturates in recipient rats: the reduction of hexenal-induced sleep and the increase of cytochrome P450 content in hepatic microsomes. Brain and renal RNAs had no influence on recipients. These data demonstrate the decisive role of microsomal R450-contained enzymes synthesis in the mechanism of the development of barbiturate resistance. It is concluded that exogenous RNA technique is of value for the organ-specific analysis of various complicated biological phenomena resulted from the activation of protein synthesis. The mechanism of exogenous RNA action and the possibility of cellular interactions by means of RNA molecules are also discussed.


Subject(s)
Barbiturates/antagonists & inhibitors , RNA/pharmacology , Animals , Dactinomycin/pharmacology , Drug Resistance , Drug Tolerance , Hexobarbital/pharmacology , Methods , Microsomes, Liver/drug effects , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Organ Specificity/drug effects , Phenobarbital/pharmacology , Protein Biosynthesis , Proteins/drug effects , RNA/isolation & purification , Rats , Sleep/drug effects , Time Factors
12.
Morfologiia ; 105(7-8): 120-8, 1993.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7951914

ABSTRACT

An ultrasonic examination of muscles was carried out with the help of echo chamber "Aloka-280" and "Aloka-630" (Japan), transducers of 3.5 and 5 MHz. Under examination there were 15 sportsmen and a group of people not going in for sports, aged from 17 to 21 years. Morphometry of the white line, wide abdominal muscles on seven levels and of musculus rectus abdominis on five levels was performed. It was found that systematic physical exercises resulted in hypertrophy of muscles of the abdominal wall and enlargement of the white line width. The arrangement of wide muscles of the abdomen corresponding to the lateral margin of musculus rectus abdominis is symmetrical on the right and left in each group. At all the levels of scanning the internal oblique muscle of the abdomen was localized medial to the musculus rectus margin. In sportsmen such an arrangement relative to one another is better pronounced than in a control group from the 2nd to 5th levels. An analysis of histograms has shown that abdominal musculus rectus of sportsmen possesses less echogeneity and is more echo-homogeneous than the muscles of people not going in for sports. Thus, constant physical exercises cause not only enlargement of sizes of the abdominal wall muscles, but also leads to changes in topographic-anatomic interrelations of its structures.


Subject(s)
Abdominal Muscles/anatomy & histology , Exercise , Abdominal Muscles/diagnostic imaging , Abdominal Muscles/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Muscle Contraction , Ultrasonography
13.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7686318

ABSTRACT

The substance P when administered intracerebroventricularly (15 nmol) led to a transformation of feeding elicited by threshold electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus into an escape reaction in rabbits. Obsidan, Inderal (0.25 and 0.5 mg) and droperidol (0.3 mg) injected intravenously were found to restore the functional properties of the hypothalamic feeding centre. No changes in the escape reaction were observed after kalipsol (ketaminum) administration. The data obtained suggest the important role of the catecholaminergic brain structures in the mechanisms of the transformation of the functional properties of the hypothalamic feeding centre under the influence of the substance P.


Subject(s)
Feeding Behavior/drug effects , Hypothalamic Area, Lateral/physiology , Substance P/pharmacology , Animals , Droperidol/pharmacology , Electric Stimulation , Electrodes, Implanted , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Hypothalamic Area, Lateral/drug effects , Injections, Intraventricular , Ketamine/pharmacology , Male , Microinjections , Propranolol/pharmacology , Rabbits , Reaction Time/drug effects , Reaction Time/physiology
14.
Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova ; 78(12): 22-9, 1992 Dec.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1284875

ABSTRACT

Ability of the substance P to enhance the tolerance of feeding and defence motivations of ethanol was studied in rabbits. Ethanol led to disintegration of central mechanisms of both feeding and escape responses elicited by a threshold electrical stimulation of lateral and ventromedial hypothalamic centres. Subsequent i.v. administration of the substance P restored the effects of midbrain RF on the motivational centres. The inhibitory effect of the dorsal hippocampus and the facilitatory effect of the midbrain RF on excitability of the lateral hypothalamus, are also restored. The data obtained suggest that the substance P is able to increase a tolerance of the central mechanisms of biological motivations of ethanol.


Subject(s)
Ethanol/pharmacology , Motivation , Substance P/pharmacology , Animals , Brain/drug effects , Brain/physiology , Drug Interactions , Drug Tolerance , Electric Stimulation/methods , Electrodes, Implanted , Escape Reaction/drug effects , Escape Reaction/physiology , Feeding Behavior/drug effects , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Rabbits , Reaction Time/drug effects , Reaction Time/physiology
15.
Biull Eksp Biol Med ; 114(11): 455-7, 1992 Nov.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1283956

ABSTRACT

An ability of substance P (15 nmol intracerebroventricularly) to transform functional properties of the hypothalamic feeding center manifested in escape reaction in response to threshold electrical stimulation of this motivation center in rabbits. Beta-adrenergic antagonists inderal and obsidan (0.25, 0.5 mg, respectively) injected intravenously were found to restore feeding elicited by electrostimulation of the hypothalamic feeding center. However, escape reaction, elicited from the feeding center under substance P was found unchanged after intravenous administration of 0.25 mg kalipsol. The data obtained suggested an important role of beta-adrenergic mechanisms in substance P transformation of the functional properties of the hypothalamic feeding centre.


Subject(s)
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacology , Feeding Behavior/drug effects , Hypothalamic Area, Lateral/drug effects , Substance P/pharmacology , Animals , Droperidol/pharmacology , Drug Interactions , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Hypothalamic Area, Lateral/physiology , Ketamine/pharmacology , Male , Propranolol/pharmacology , Rabbits , Reaction Time/drug effects , Reaction Time/physiology
16.
Voen Med Zh ; (9): 36-9, 1991 Sep.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1759354

ABSTRACT

The studies of peculiarities of aliphatic alcohol metabolism in etiopathogenesis of acute poisoning with methyl alcohol and ethilenglicol have shown that it was reasonable to apply the inhibitors of alcoholdehydrogenase as a specific antidote in emergency therapy. Inhibitors prevent the formation of toxic products by blocking metabolism of these spirits.


Subject(s)
Ethylene Glycols/poisoning , Methanol/poisoning , Acute Disease , Antidotes/therapeutic use , Ethylene Glycol , Ethylene Glycols/pharmacokinetics , Humans , Methanol/pharmacokinetics , Poisoning/diagnosis , Poisoning/drug therapy , Poisoning/etiology , Poisoning/metabolism
17.
Biull Eksp Biol Med ; 111(3): 281-2, 1991 Mar.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1711389

ABSTRACT

An ability of substance P (30 micrograms/kg intravenously) to prevent deleterious effects of ethanol (E) (0.5 g/kg intravenously) on central mechanisms of escape reaction elicited by threshold electrical stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus was investigated in chronic experiments upon rabbits. Substance P was found to prevent E effects on excitability of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and on facilitatory influences of the midbrain reticular formation on this emotional centre which were observed in intact animals. Inhibitory effects of the dorsal hippocampus on the VMH could not be evaluated due to its alterations in response to previous substance P administration. The authors suggest that substance P can be considered to be a possible endogenous factor to increase a tolerance of emotional behavioural reactions of an organism to alcohol.


Subject(s)
Escape Reaction/drug effects , Ethanol/pharmacology , Substance P/pharmacology , Animals , Drug Interactions , Drug Tolerance , Electric Stimulation , Electrodes, Implanted , Escape Reaction/physiology , Hippocampus/drug effects , Hippocampus/physiology , Rabbits , Reticular Formation/drug effects , Reticular Formation/physiology , Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus/drug effects , Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus/physiology
18.
Gig Tr Prof Zabol ; (12): 16-7, 1991.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1667865

ABSTRACT

The clinical and hygienic studies performed at the antimonite ore extraction mines in Yakutia revealed that the workers were exposed to high concentrations of polymetallic dusts, containing chromium dioxide, antimony, arsenic and their compounds. 11% of the workers exhibited dust bronchitis, changes in the blood and immune reactivity indices which were due to reactions of adaptation to the Far North climatic conditions and the occupational factors' toxic effects.


Subject(s)
Air Pollutants, Occupational/adverse effects , Antimony/adverse effects , Arsenic/adverse effects , Mining , Pneumoconiosis/etiology , Silicon Dioxide/adverse effects , Arctic Regions , Cold Climate/adverse effects , Dust/adverse effects , Humans , Siberia
19.
Vopr Med Khim ; 36(3): 67-9, 1990.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2382435

ABSTRACT

Effects of four main inhibitors of rat liver tissue alcohol dehydrogenase (4-methyl pyrasol, dimethyl sulfoxide, amide isovaleric acid and dioxime benzoylacetic aldehyde) were studied. Constants and type of inhibition of these substances were evaluate. Effects of these inhibitors on alternative pathways of aliphatic alcohols oxidation were studied: on microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, catalase, xanthine oxidase and on aldehyde dehydrogenases.


Subject(s)
Alcohol Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors , Alcohols/metabolism , Liver/enzymology , Acetaldehyde/analogs & derivatives , Acetaldehyde/pharmacology , Aldehyde Dehydrogenase/antagonists & inhibitors , Amides/pharmacology , Animals , Benzoates/pharmacology , Catalase/antagonists & inhibitors , Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology , Fomepizole , Horses , In Vitro Techniques , Liver/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Male , Oxidation-Reduction , Oximes/pharmacology , Pyrazoles/pharmacology , Rats , Xanthine Oxidase/antagonists & inhibitors
20.
Genetika ; 25(8): 1527-30, 1989 Aug.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2583493

ABSTRACT

Based on the backcross progeny analysis of rats Rattus norvegicus matings (August X Brattleboro)F1 X Brattleboro, the gene di has been localized in the fourth linkage group at a distance of 26.8 +/- 1.7 cM from the non-agouti loci and 11.4 +/- 4.7 cM from the Svp-1 loci. The gene order proposed is a--Svp-1--di.


Subject(s)
Chromosome Mapping , Genetic Linkage , Rats/genetics , Animals , Electrophoresis, Starch Gel
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