[A short test for potential carcinogenicity of water soluble synthetic polymers].

The effect of synthetic water-soluble polymer with different structure on the appearance in SZNA mice of carcinogen-protein adducts (CPA) containing endogenous carcinogen, 3-oxyanthranilic acid (3-OAA), was investigated. CPA containing 3-OAA (3-OAA-CPA) were detected during the administration of 24 of 30 investigated polymers. The induction of 3-OAA-CPA and the character of their distribution in the organism (in all investigated tissues: serum, extracts of liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys tissues or in single tissues) depended on the chemical structure of polymers. It is concluded, that synthetic polymers represent potential cancerogenic danger, because their administration causes formation of 3-OAA-CPA in the organism of animals.

[Estimation of soil fraction of Pu in the formation of irradiation dose of inhabitants of the Bryansk region]. / Znachimost' "pochvennoi fraktsii" Pu v formirovanii doz oblucheniia naseleniia Brianskoi oblasti.

The estimation of plutonium in soils of the contaminated after Chernobyl accident areas of Bryansk Region (Russia) are presented. On the basis of data about Pu concentrations in soils and by means of migration models in "soil-man" system the doses received were assessed. Pu-239, 240 and Pu-238 were determined in samples of autopsy material (lung, liver, bones and tracheobronchial lymph nodes) of residents from Chernobyl-fallout contaminated regions. Effective doses have been obtained by means of data about Pu-concentration in autopsy samples.

[ Approaches to the radiation hygienic assessment of "soil components" of plutonium]. / Vozmozhnye podkhody k radiatsionno-gigienicheskoi otsenke "pochvennoi komponenty" plutoniia.

By the Pathway-analysis the correlation coefficients between the plutonium isotopic contamination of soil and the human radiation dosage were defined.

[The distribution of intratracheally administered plutonium-239 throughout the skeletal bones]. / K voprosu o raspredelenii intratrakheal'no vvedennogo plutoniia-239 po kostiam skeleta.

The data are presented on distribution of the intratracheally administered plutonium-239 within the skeleton bones. Plutonium was found to be distributed non-uniformly within the skeleton: it was concentrated mainly in the bones where the trabecular fraction of the bone tissue was most manifest. The results obtained were supported by the correlation analysis.

[The specificity of the deposition of intratracheally administered plutonium in different skeletal bones with a change in iron homeostasis]. / Spetsifika otlozheniia intratrakheal'no vvedennogo plutoniia v razlichnykh kostiakh skeleta pri izmenenii gomeostaza zheleza.

A study was made of the distribution of plutonium-239 injected intratracheally within different bones of the skeleton, the iron status in the blood being changed. The iron preparation caused a 2.5-3-fold decrease in the plutonium loading onto cancellous bone tissue that displayed, in ordinary conditions, a higher tropism to the radionuclide than a cortical highly mineralized bone did.

[The levels of soil pollution with plutonium isotopes in the Bryansk Oblast (following the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station)]. / Ob urovniakh zagriazneniia pochv Brianskoi oblasti isotopami plutoniia (posle avarii na ChAES).

The estimates of plutonium concentration in soils of Western regions of Bryansk (Krasnogorsky, Novozybkovsky, Zlynkovsky and Klintsovsky) are presented. The levels of soil contamination with plutonium within the regions examined vary by 4-5 times, although no definite geographical direction of pollution intensity within the territory examined is noted. The cumulative concentration of isotopes (238Pu, 239Pu, and 240Pu) varies within 21-112 Bq/kg.

[Dosage of irradiation of the population in the Bryansk region with plutonium deposited in the soil after the Chernobyl AES accident]. / Urovni oblucheniia naseleniia Brianskoi oblasti plutoniem, otlozhivshimsia v pochve posle avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES.

Proceeding from the data on 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu concentrations in the soil in different areas of the Bryansk Region, exposed to radioactive contamination after the Chernobyl accident, radiation dose exposures of residents as well as agricultural workers were assessed. Criteria of the ecological and radiation-hygienic standardization were used for calculation of values of dose factors, binding the alimentary and inhalation components of an irradiation dose with characteristics of Pu deposition in the soil. Inhalation of soil particles accounted for approximately 90% of a total radiation dose of the "soil" Pu component, and the alimentary component-for approximately 10% (of this, 99% were attributed to plant products). The authors proposed prognostic assessment of an expected effective equivalent dose for a period of 70 years for people, residing in these areas (0.08-0.45 cSi for the population and 0.6-3.2 cSi for mechanics).

[The applicability of the concept of morpho-physiologic metabolic factors to the modification of the distribution of 239Pu deposited in the respiratory organs]. / Primenimost' kontseptsii morfofiziologicheskikh faktorov obmena k modifikatsii raspredeleniia popavshego v organy dykhaniia 239Pu.

At the stage of intensive resorption of plutonium from lungs to blood the competitive per os administration of an iron preparation increased plutonium excretion from blood. As a result, soft tissues were enriched with plutonium at an early stage of metabolism. However, at the end of the experiment (30 days) the radionuclide content of soft tissues dropped to control values. Simultaneously, the share of plutonium deposited in bone tissue decreased considerably and that of the radionuclide eliminated from the body increased throughout the entire period of observation.

[239Pu metabolism after its intratracheal administration]. / Obmen 239Pu posle intratrakheal'nogo vvedeniia.

The paper is concerned with the results of distribution and kinetics of metabolism of 239Pu-citrate in the respiratory tracts. Time-periods of the accumulation and excretion of this radionuclide from various tissue systems were defined. Data on the time course of 239Pu resorption from the lungs to organs and tissues, first of all to the blood, especially at the early stage of metabolism (up to 1-3 days), are the basis for the optimization of a method of osseous tissue protection against the radionuclide by using competitive action of iron preparations.

[The effect of iron on the excretion by rats of intratracheally administered plutonium-239]. / Vliianie zheleza na ékskretsiiu u krys intratrakheal'no vvedennogo plutoniia-239.

A study was made of the effect of ferric citrate on excretion of intratracheally administered plutonium-239. The preparation used permitted to increase the radionuclide excretion via the gastrointestinal tract by 1.8 times as compared to the control. The positive effect of the iron preparation was maximally displayed between days 4 and 11 following administration: the value of the increase was 2.2.

Filatov's tubed flap--one more contribution.

The authors present their experience with the tubed flap in reconstructive operations of the sequellae of grave damage to the extremities: unhealed fractures, pseudoarthrosis, bone defects, etc. The method using a series of angiographies was applied in order to investigate blood supply of affected regions in a group of 108 patients. 98.5% showed chronic post-traumatic vascular insufficiency. To improve blood supply to the affected extremity and achieve stabilization of its chronic insufficiency, the authors recommend to make use of Filatov's flap. Prior to and after surgery, angiography was performed in 9 patients. The angiographic results and clinical signs confirmed improvement in the blood supply to the extremity. This is closely connected with the blood supply to the recipient region. A two-stage technique of plastic operation was devised for post-traumatic lymphoedema.

[Determination of the plutonium-239 content of the body]. / Ob opredelenii soderzhaniia plutoniia-239 v organizme.

In order to increase the informativeness of the indirect dosimetric estimates of plutonium-239 body levels complex makers are widely used to enhance natural excretion of the radionuclide in urine, the ratio between 239Pu levels in urine and skeleton being measured. However, as the onset of chelate application is postponed its efficacy, with respect to the skeleton, sharply decreases making it impossible to obtain reliable information concerning plutonium 239 levels in bone tissues at later times.

[Intensification of the excretory flow of plutonium-239 from the body in the late stage of its metabolism]. / Ob usilenii éksrektornogo potoka plutoniia-239 iz organizma na pozdnei stadii obmena.

The paper deals with the effect of iron preparations on the excretion of plutonium 239 from a body at a later stage of the radionuclide metabolism. The experimental results show that oral administration of the iron preparation at a later stage of 239Pu metabolism enhances the radionuclide excretion both in urine and in faeces. On the basis of the results obtained the coefficients are calculated for 239Pu excretion in urine and faeces and for its content in the organs of deposition. This may be used for increasing the sensitivity of indirect dosimetry of plutonium-239 within the body.

[A new approach to selecting antibacterial preparations for treating patients with chronic urological infections]. / Novyi podkhod k podboru antibakterial'nykh preparatov dlia lecheniia bol'nykh khronicheskimi urologicheskimi infektsiiami.

The oral administration of microflora, isolated from the urinary tract or feces of urological patients, into the abacterial digestive tract of mice kept under the conditions of germ-free environment leads to the formation of the donors' microflora in the intestine of the recipient animals. Such recipient mice can be used as models for the rapid and highly reliable determination of the sensitivity of microflora in the patient's intestine and urinary tract to different antimicrobial preparations. In different patients such microflora, though similar in its qualitative and quantitative composition, differs in sensitivity to different antimicrobial preparations and their combinations. For the effective treatment of patients with chronic urinary tract infections a preliminary in vivo determination of the sensitivity of intestinal and urinary microflora to different combinations of antimicrobial preparations, carried out with the use of germ-free techniques, is necessary.