[The immune-enzyme technique of detection of Ca2+ ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum--a new biologic marker of acute cardiac infarction].

The immune-enzyme system of testing was developed to detect the level of Ca2+ ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum using monoclonal IgM and IgG antibodies to Ca2+ ATPase. The clinical approbation of the technique was carried out using the sample of 19 patients with acute cardiac infarction Q validated by the increase of content of such common markers of myocardium necrosis as troponin T and creatine phosphokinase MB. The increase of the level of Ca2+ ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum was detected in all patients. This occurrence is detected approximately in 4-6 hours after debut and it disappears in 144 hours (6 days). At the same time, Ca2+ ATPase was not detected in 10 Patients with acute traumatic damages of skeleton musculature, in 10 patients with chronic renal failure under hemodialysis and in 20 patients with acute coronary syndrome without rise of ST-segment of cardiogram. These facts testify rather high specificity and sensitivity of the developed technique of detection of the level of Ca2+ ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum in blood as biological marker of myocardium necrosis.

[Qualitative and quantitative changes of circulating in blood endotheliocyte precursor cells in patients with hypercholesterolemia].

Aim of this study was elucidation of diagnostic value of qualitative and quantitative parameters of circulating endotheliocyte precursor cells (EPC), in the state of apoptosis (apoptotic endotheliocytes A AE), as well as effect of main risk factors on the studied parameters in patients with coronary atherosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia. We examined 24 patients with ischemic heart disease (14 men, 10 women, mean age 58.4 +/- 2.3 years) with stenoses >75% in coronary arteries according to angiography data and hypercholesterolemia (main group). Control group comprised 15 healthy volunteers. Circulating EPC in peripheral blood were evaluated by cytofluorimetry. Functional parameters of isolated EPC were assessed after cultivation in human fibronectin. Adhesive properties were studied in cell culture by immunehistochemical method after 7 days of incubation. Proliferation capacity was assessed by number of EPC in 1 mm3 of medium at day 7 of incubation. Determination and counting of AE was carried out using cytofluorimetry with immunostaining of cells by anexin B and CDA31 after preliminary treatment of endotheliocyte culture with H2O2 and comparing the results with control culture of endotheliocytes. Number of circulating EPC in patients with IHD was 58.% less than in healthy persons. Adhesive capacity of EPC in patients with IHD was lowered by 43%. Number of EPC surviving in cell culture was 80.9% less than in control group. At the same time number of circulating AE in patients with IHD was 2.5 times greater. Reduction of number of EDC, adhesive capacity, and rise of number of AE correlated significantly with number of involved coronary arteries, presence of diabetes, and smoking status. Presence of arterial hypertension and blood cholesterol level did not correlate with quantitative and qualitative parameters of EPC. Thus qualitative and qualitative parameters of circulating EPC and apoptotic cells can be considered as markers of dysfunction of endothelium and predictors of atherosclerotic vascular lesions in patients with hypercholesterolemia.

[The testing of the carcinogenicity of dispirotripiperazine derivatives by combined administration with sodium nitrite]. / Testirovanie kantserogennosti proizvodnykh dispirotripiperaziniia pri kombinirovannom vvedenii s nitritom natriia.

The cancerogenic activity of the dispirotripiperasinium derivatives prospidine and spirobromine was tested in concurrent use with sodium nitrite. The drugs were intragastrically administered once a week. It was combined with sodium nitrite, 35 mg/kg, to non-inbred rats of both sex during 24 months. A morphological study revealed no statistically significant reduction of latency and no increase in the incidence of tumors in laboratory animals. No cancerogenic effect of sodium nitrite was found.

[The carcinogenic activity of spirobromine]. / Kantserogennaia aktivnost' spirobromina.

The carcinogenic activity of spyrobromin was studied during the chronic experiment on 1.5-2-month-old rats and mice of both sexes. The drug was administered intragastrically and intraperitoneally once a week in the maximally tolerant dose for 24 months. Under the given experimental conditions spyrobromin can diminish the latent period of the development of tumours in the experimental rats at intraperitoneal administration. At intragastric administration of the drug no decrease was noted in the latent period and no increase of tumours was observed in the experimental groups of the animals as compared with control. Spyrobromin is considered to be a weak carcinogen. The oral route of administration is the most safe with respect to the oncogenic risk.

[The hematotoxic and nephrotoxic actions of dispirotripiperazine derivatives in a chronic experiment]. / Gematotoksicheskoe i neirotoksicheskoe deistvie proizvodnykh dispirotripiperaziniia v khronicheskom éksperimente.

The effects of dispirotripiperazine derivatives spirobromin and prospidin on the parameters of the peripheral blood and behavioral reactions in a chronic 12-month experiment were studied. The experiment was performed on noninbred rats of both sexes. The maximal tolerated doses of the drugs were administered by two routes (intragastrically or intraperitoneally). Hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, reticulocytes, eosinophils were determined in the blood. The behavioral reactions were registered by the methods of the "open field" and the "open area". Under the conditions of the chronic experiment spirobromin and prospidin were shown to exert no significant effect on the parameters of the peripheral blood except a decrease in the amount of erythrocytes. It was noted that spirobromin exerted the most pronounced toxic action on erythrocytes. As to the behavioral reactions, after the administration of prospidin, the neurotoxic action on the rats was found after 12-14 months of observation.

[Methodological approaches to evaluating the sensitizing properties of new drug preparations in preclinical trials]. / Metodicheskie podkhody k otsenke sensibiliziruiushchikh svoistv novykh lekarstvennykh preparatov na stadii doklinicheskogo ispytaniia.

For testing allergenic activity of 18 drugs with various pharmacological properties the reaction of specific leukocyte agglomeration, specific leukocyte lysis reaction, determination of Mg2+ blood serum content and epicutaneous drug application were used. An attempt was made to establish the relationship between the development of immunological response and the time and duration of allergization, the dosage and routes of allergen administration and also to determine the optimal experimental conditions for appearance of the most pronounced response.

[Comparison of the oxygen absorption processes during phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes from conventional and specific-pathogen-free C57BL/6 strain mice]. / Sravnenie protsessov pogloshcheniia kisloroda pri fagotsitoze polimorfnoiadernymi leikotsitami konventsional'nykh i svobodnykh ot patogennykh vozbuditelei myshei linii C57BL/6.

Oxygen consumption was compared during phagocytosis of killed S. aureus by peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PNL) from conventional mice and C57BL/6 mice free of pathogenic agents. The rate of oxygen consumption by PNL during phagocytosis was 3 times higher in conventional mice than in C57BL/6 mice free of pathogenic agents. The latter mice can be used as a suitable model for studying diverse effects on the most important component of the bactericidal mechanism of PNL.

[Carcinogenic activity of dioxidine]. / Izuchenie kantserogennoi aktivnosti dioksidina.

A study was made of the blastomogenic activity of dioxydin, a new antibacterial broad-action drug. Administration of dioxydin in doses of 20-100 mg/kg (exceeding 2-10-fold the therapeutic dose for humans) to mice and rats intragastrically for 18 months and intraperitoneally (2 years of observation) as well as combined administration of the drug to rats transplacentally and postnatally (1.5 years of observation) did not induce any neoplasms.