Appendicular Neuroendocrine Tumours: An Unusual Cause of Hydronephrosis.

Although neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are predominantly located in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and lungs, they can also occur in uncommon places such as the biliary system, prostate, breast, head, neck, and even the spinal cord. We present the case of a 30-year-old woman who was referred to the urology clinic for right ureterohydronephrosis. Because the contrast-enhanced CT scan did not show signs of kidney stones or an upper urothelial tract cell carcinoma and was combined with renal scintigraphy, the kidney was not functional, and a left nephrectomy was performed. During the surgery, it was observed that the appendix was attached to the ureter by a tiny tumour. In addition, an appendectomy was also conducted. The pathological test indicated the presence of a NET that had invaded the ureter. The diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. The tissue has been positive for chromogranin and synaptophysin staining. Our work highlights the infrequency and difficulty of diagnosing NETs that invade the ureter. Conducting a thorough histological evaluation in patients with uncertain histopathological diagnoses is essential.

Elements for Trial Without Catheter (TWOC) Success in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients: Lessons We Have Learned.

BACKGROUND: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a progressive disease that causes low urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). As prostatic volume grows, the prostatic urethra may become completely obstructed, resulting in full urine retention and acute hypogastric pain. Our research aimed to identify the optimal trial without catheter (TWOC) therapeutic approach and identify those factors that are associated with the recurrence of complete urinary retention (CUR). METHODOLOGY: The study enrolled with complete urinary retention and BPH were included in the study, after the insertion of a Foley catheter. The patients received tamsulosin 0.4 mg/day as an alpha-blocker treatment. In our investigation, patients who encountered complete urinary retention were randomly categorized into four groups based on the duration of urinary catheterization as determined by the attending urologist. RESULTS: Maintaining the urethrovesical catheter for three to seven days was related to the highest success of spontaneous urination, which was statistically significant compared to other study groups. (p=0.0007). Age over 70 years, no alpha-blocker before the urinary retention episode, and prostatic volume exceeding 50 ml were all associated with decreased TWOC efficacy. We found the highest rates of spontaneous urination were after three to seven days of urinary catheterization. CONCLUSION: BPH and complete urine retention can be managed by TWOC in many cases. Several factors affect the test's efficacy. Prolonged urinary catheter maintenance over seven days, prostatic volume over 50 ml, and age over 70 years are poor prognostic indicators.

Determining whether previous SWL for ureteric stones influences the results of ureteroscopy as the second-line treatment: A clinical study.

The purpose of the study was to establish whether shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is a potential harmful first-line treatment for ureteric stones where ureteroscopy (URS) is necessary as a second-line treatment. Medical records of patients with ureteric stones who underwent either URS as the only therapy applied or SWL followed by URS over two years were retrospectively evaluated. In total, 158 patients were included: 79 patients in Group A (no SWL) and 79 in Group B (prior SWL before URS). There was no difference in major complications, Group A had higher stone-free rates, Group B had higher rates of ureteral edema and similar intraoperative ureteral lesions. In conclusion, the failure of SWL for lumbar or pelvic ureteral lithiasis does not appear to have a negative effect on the rate of intraoperative complications or the success rate of semi-rigid retrograde URS for this category of calculi, with the same safety profile as first-line endourological intervention.

Correlations between stones composition, dietary and comorbidities context of the lithiasic patient.

The incidence of nephrolithiasis is in full expansion, its etiology being frequently associated with lifestyle changes. The objective of this retrospective study, carried out between April and December 2019, was to identify the correlations of the known lithogenic factors with the chemical structure of the calculi in the patients from the North-Eastern region of Romania. The results obtained after the data analysis of our LAMPA questionnaire (L - liquids, A - antecedents, M - medication, P - associated pathologies, A - aliments) made in evidence a statistically relevant relationship between the heredocollateral history of lithiasis and calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) calculi, hypertension and calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stones, uric lithiasis and diabetes, COD, and obesity, between predominantly uric lithiasis and meat or meat-derived products consumption, between frequent potato consumption and COD stones and the frequently consume of dairy products and predominantly COM calculi. The authors concluded that the use of a complex questionnaire, like LAMPA, together with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic and morphological analysis are essential steps for developing an efficient metaphylaxis.