[Interhemispheric EEG coherence in men with abnormal sexual behavior]. / Mezhpolusharnaia kogerentnost' EEG u muzhchin s anomal'nym seksual'nym povedeniem.

Interhemispheric interactions were examined in individuals with abnormal sexual behaviour by means of method of evaluation of coherent EEG properties in symmetric points of two hemispheres in different levels of awakening and in elaboration of cognitive tests related with preferential activation of one of two hemispheres. It was determined that EEG of the individuals who had committed sexual deliquency and had the signs of paraphilia was characterized by diffuse elevation of the degree of interhemispheric coherence in alpha-activity in the state of both passive and active awakening and by its local elevation in theta-activity. The results obtained might testify to the disorders either in cortical-subcortical interactions and in the cortical processes and permitted to suppose the decrease of degree of functional hemispheric lateralization in persons with paraphilias.

[Hemispheric lateralization of the visual-spatial function in chronic alcoholic intoxication in humans]. / O polusharnoi lateralizatsii zritel'no-prostranstvennoi funktsii pri khronicheskoi alkogol'noi intoksikatsii u cheloveka.

A series of behavioural and electrophysiological parameters was recorded in subjects with chronic alcohol intoxication during solving of visual-spatial nonverbalized task. It is shown that in comparison with the healthy subjects, their reaction time (RT) of correct decisions was increased; it was more expressed when stimuli were presented in the left visual field, i.e., directly to the right hemisphere, and the number of correct reactions decreased at stimuli presentation directly to the left hemisphere. During repeated tests there were no changes in the number of correct reactions and RT value in the group with chronic alcohol intoxication. It is found that long-term taking of alcohol produces an increase of latency and decrease of the amplitude of the late positive wave P300, more pronounced in the right cerebral hemisphere.

[Learning to differentiate microintervals of time using verbal feedback]. / Obuchenie razlicheniiu mikrointervalov vremeni s pomoshch'iu slovesnoi obratnoi sviazi.

Reaction time (RT) and the number of correct estimations of time microintervals (10 and 180 ms) between two visual stimuli were recorded in healthy subjects. It has been shown that 10 ms interval is better estimated when the stimuli are presented in the right visual field, i.e. when they are addressed directly to the left hemisphere. At the same time the number of correct estimations of 180 ms interval is greater and their RT is less when the stimuli are addressed directly to the right hemisphere. This points to different hemispheric mechanisms of time microintervals estimation. Study of the influence of different forms of verbal reinforcement on this learning has shown that after positive reinforcement (the word "good") the number of correct estimations is on average by 10% greater than after negative reinforcement (the word "error"). This may be connected with such processes as isolation and identification of erroneous reaction.

[Hemispheric lateralization of visuo-spatial function in man]. / O polusharnoi lateralizatsii zritel'no-prostranstvennoi funktsii u cheloveka.

Two parts of a geometrical figure are consecutively presented to healthy adult subjects in the left and right visual fields; the subjects have to compare them mentally and to decide whether these parts form a standard figure or not. Correctness of the reaction is controlled by a computer which lights up on the screen the words "good" or "error". The number of correct decisions of this visual-spatial task does not depend on the hemisphere to which information is addressed. The reaction time is substantially shorter if the information comes "directly" to the right hemisphere. Due to better training in the left hemisphere interhemispheric difference in reaction time gradually disappears in repeated tests. Training to mental "constructing" takes place only in the tests following positive feedback stimulus. Analysis of amplitude-temporal parameters of P300 wave shows that at correct decision of the visual-spatial task the level of activation in the right hemisphere is higher than in the left one.

[Dynamics of cortical evoked activity during human learning to discriminate microintervals of time using feedback]. / Dinamika korkovoi vyzvannoi aktivnosti v protsesse obucheniia cheloveka razlicheniiu mikrointervalov vremeni s pomoshch'iu obratnoi sviazi.

The dynamics of the cortical evoked activity in the process of learning of time microintervals (10, 60 and 180 ms) discrimination was studied in healthy adults. Feedback stimulus visually informing of the real correlations of the differentiated pauses facilitates the discrimination. The factor of the visual field does not affect the estimation of brief time intervals. At correct identifications, the P300 wave is recorded with a higher amplitude, than at errors. In the trial following the "nonconfirming" feedback stimulus, the standard and test stimuli evoke in the left hemisphere a greater P300 wave, than in the trial after the "confirming" stimulus. Feedback influence is retained in the long-term memory.

[Effect of verbal reinforcement on evoked cortical activity]. / Vliianie slovesnogo podkrepleniia na vyzvannuiu korkovuiu aktivnost.

Adult healthy subjects did not manifest any difference in latency and amplitude of the wave P300 elicited by a positive ("good") and negative ("error") reinforcing stimuli. After the negative reinforcement, the P300 wave amplitude decreases in response to the standard stimulus (light bars) and increases to a lesser degree in response to test stimuli (the same bars but presented with different pauses). In the processes of learning to assess time microintervals in comparison with the standard, the latency of wave P300 to the test stimuli shortens. It is suggested that formation and consolidation of feedback connection elaborated with the participation of a reinforcing verbal stimulus constitute the physiological basis for learning of comparative assessment of time microintervals.

[Lateralization of perception of short time intervals and cortical evoked activity in man]. / Lateralizatsiia vospriiatiia korotkikh intervalov vremeni i korkovaia vyzvannaia aktivnost' u cheloveka.

Recognition of short time intervals (10, 60, and 180 ms) between visual stimuli presented to the left or right hemisphere was studied in adult healthy people. The interval of 180 ms is recognized better than that of 10 or 60 ms. Learning with repeated tests with 180 ms intervals proceeds better than that with short intervals. The predominance of the left hemisphere has been revealed only for perception of 10 ms interval. The other time intervals asymmetry is not observed. It is suggested that the left hemisphere is predominant in estimation of short (less than 60 ms) time intervals. In formation of time nervous model a significant role is played by local activation of the cortical zone where the standard stimulus is addressed.

[Effect of music on motor reaction time and interhemispheric relations]. / Vliianie muzyki na vremia dvigatel'noi reaktsii i mezhpolusharnye otnosheniia.

Influence of music on motor reaction time (RT) was studied. Warning and triggering stimuli were presented either in the left or in the right visual fields. RT was recorded when playing classical or variety music; control sessions were not accompanied by music. Music shortened RT, and its stimulating effect was the stronger the longer were the initial RTs without music. The influence of variety music was more effective than of the classic one. RT was shortened more when the triggering stimulus was presented in the left visual field. This phenomenon is considered to be an evidence of predominant influence of music on the right cerebral hemisphere due to greater activation from emotional structures.

[Motor cortex neuron activity during elaboration of a motor conditioned reflex to electric stimulation of the ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus]. / Aktivnost' neironov motornoi kory pri vyrabotke dvigatel'nogo uslovnogo refleksa na élektricheskoe razdrazhenie ventrolateral'nogo iadra talamusa.

Conditioned fore-leg movement was elaborated in cats to the electrical stimulation of the ventrolateral thalamic nucleus through one of the two chronically implanted electrodes (1+) and differentiation to a stimulation through the other electrode (2-). Then the signal meaning of the stimuli for the same animals was reversed (1-, 2+). Independently of the electrode through which the positive or differentiation stimulus was applied, the following was observed during the conditioned response: 1) in the biceps EMG a response to the conditioned stimulus was recorded with minimal latency of 8--12 ms; when the conditioned and differentiation stimuli were presented at random, the EMG response to the differentiation stimulation was considerably less pronounced or was totally absent: 2) Short-latency excitatory components of neuronal responses in the motor cortex to conditioned stimuli with a latency less than 6 and 12 ms were greater than the corresponding components of the response to differentiation stimuli.