ABSTRACT
AIM: To describe characteristics of the intestinal microbiota in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with glatiramer acetate (GA) or fingolimode (FG) for understanding causal relationships between gut microbiota and autoimmune processes in MS patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 34 patients treated with GA (n=17) or FG (n=17). GA was used in a dose of 20 mg/kg subcutaneously once a day, FG in a dose of 0.5 mg daily. All patients were examined during remission. To assess the composition of gut microbiota, bacteriological and real-time PCR techniques were used. DNA was extracted from feces using DNA-EXPRESS kit. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was a decrease in numbers of Escherichia coli with normal enzymatic activity, which was replaced by atypical forms of E. coli, Enterobacter spp. and fungi of the genus Candida, and, during treatment with GA, by atypical forms of E. coli, Proteus spp., Parvimonas micra. These differences indicate the effect of the therapy on the intestinal microbiota composition.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Multiple Sclerosis , Escherichia coli , Glatiramer Acetate , HumansABSTRACT
The aspects of neuroimmune interactions (during cerebral ischemia and stroke--experimental and clinical data, demyelinating process in patients with multiple sclerosis,secondary immunodeficiency) are discussed in this article. Literature overview and authors' experience are presented as well.
Subject(s)
Central Nervous System , Demyelinating Diseases , Immune System , Neuroimmunomodulation , Brain Ischemia/physiopathology , Central Nervous System/physiology , Central Nervous System/physiopathology , Cerebral Infarction/physiopathology , Humans , Immune System/physiology , Immune System/physiopathology , Multiple Sclerosis/physiopathology , Stroke/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The ethical aspects of clinical trials are reviewed. Clinical trials in the Russian Federation must be conducted in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice, guiding principles of the Helsinki Declaration and Russian laws. The article includes information concerning principles of patient's informed consent, regulatory requirements and guidelines for clinical trials in multiple sclerosis.
Subject(s)
Clinical Trials as Topic/ethics , Ethics, Medical , Multiple Sclerosis/therapy , Humans , Practice Guidelines as Topic , RussiaSubject(s)
B-Lymphocytes , Central Nervous System Diseases/immunology , Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine/immunology , Measles Vaccine/immunology , T-Lymphocytes , Vaccination , Antigens, CD/blood , B-Lymphocytes/cytology , B-Lymphocytes/immunology , Central Nervous System Diseases/blood , Child, Preschool , Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine/adverse effects , Humans , Infant , Lymphocyte Count , Measles Vaccine/adverse effects , T-Lymphocytes/cytology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunologySubject(s)
Brain Injury, Chronic/etiology , Brain Injury, Chronic/pathology , Brain/pathology , Immunity/physiology , Motor Cortex/injuries , Nervous System Physiological Phenomena , Affective Symptoms/physiopathology , Animals , Behavior, Animal , Cell Migration Inhibition , Cell Movement , Dominance, Cerebral , Electromyography , Female , Functional Laterality , Immune System , Leukocytes/cytology , Motor Activity , Rats , Rats, Wistar , T-Lymphocytes/metabolismABSTRACT
Authors demonstrated that immune dysfunction of chronic lead intoxication is manifested in low number and changed subpopulations of immune cells, in alterations of spontaneous lymphocytes proliferation. "Myelopid" corrects the symptoms of immune dysfunction.