Non-pharmacological Behavior Management Techniques in Pediatric Dentistry: A Bibliometric Analysis.

As an emerging trend, non-pharmacological behavior management has gained immense research interest. By utilizing a bibliometric approach, this investigation aims to review the state of the non-pharmacological behavior management techniques research in pediatric dentistry. A Scopus search was done on non-pharmacological behavior management in pediatric dentistry, including literature from 1900 to 2022, using "Cited Reference Search" on 4/2/2022. After being screened, the articles were ranked according to the number of citations they had, and the publication year, authorship, contributing institutions, countries, article topic, study design, H index, and keywords were extracted. Out of the 1431 articles found during the literature search, the top 50 cited articles were used for analysis. The citation counts of the 50 selected articles varied from 163 to one, and their highest publications were in the years 2017 and 2019 (n = 7). Most studies were published in the United Kingdom (n = 10). The studies done in Australia and USA have the highest mean citation with the most significant contributions from the Department of Dental Medicine, Children's Hospital, Regional Medical Center, USA. The systematic review was the most frequent study design (n = 19). Among 110 unique keywords, dental anxiety (n = 11) was the most frequently used. This bibliometric analysis offers valuable details on the top 50 publications cited between 2006 and 2022. Although these methods have been employed for many years, only recently have they been the subject of significant scientific publications. It is hoped that this study will enable aspiring and seasoned researchers to envision and create potential future scenarios for interdisciplinary research collaborations on the use of non-pharmacological behavior management techniques in pediatric dentistry.

Tuberculosis in renal transplant recipients: Our decade long experience with an opportunistic invader.

AIM: To study the incidence, pattern of tuberculosis, Its risk factors, and prognosis in renal transplantation recipients in Indian population. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This study retrospectively analyzed the patients who underwent renal transplantation at Ramaiah medical college Hospitals, India from 2004 to 2015. METHODS AND MATERIAL: The study enrolled 244 patients. Diagnosis was based on radio0imaging, sputum smear, culture and polymerase chainreaction and histology. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: A descriptive univariate analysis was performed to identify the individual risk factors. RESULTS: The TB infection was present in 21/244 (8.6%) renal transplantation patients (mean age ± SD = 44.3 ± 12.9 years). Pulmonary tuberculosis was the commonest (57%) followed by extrapulmonary tuberculosis (43%). Type II diabetes mellitus (DM) (14.6%; p = 0.0169)was significant risk factor. Majority of the patients (n = 18, 10.7%) were on standard tripledrug immunosuppression. The median duration of anti0tubercular therapy was 14 months and crude mortality was 19%. CONCLUSIONS: High index of suspicion for tuberculosis is require d in renal transplant recipients owing to their immunocompromised status and atypical presentations. Higher age, DM and use of immunosuppressants increase the risk for post0renal transplantation tuberculosis. Interactions between anti0tubercular drugs and immunosuppressants need to be considered in these patients.

Interstitial Lung Disease in India. Results of a Prospective Registry.

RATIONALE: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic inflammatory and fibrotic lung diseases. Existing ILD registries have had variable findings. Little is known about the clinical profile of ILDs in India. OBJECTIVES: To characterize new-onset ILDs in India by creating a prospective ILD using multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) to validate diagnoses. METHODS: Adult patients of Indian origin living in India with new-onset ILD (27 centers, 19 Indian cities, March 2012-June 2015) without malignancy or infection were included. All had connective tissue disease (CTD) serologies, spirometry, and high-resolution computed tomography chest. ILD pattern was defined by high-resolution computed tomography images. Three groups independently made diagnoses after review of clinical data including that from prompted case report forms: local site investigators, ILD experts at the National Data Coordinating Center (NDCC; Jaipur, India) with MDD, and experienced ILD experts at the Center for ILD (CILD; Seattle, WA) with MDD. Cohen's κ was used to assess reliability of interobserver agreement. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A total of 1,084 patients were recruited. Final diagnosis: hypersensitivity pneumonitis in 47.3% (n = 513; exposure, 48.1% air coolers), CTD-ILD in 13.9%, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in 13.7%. Cohen's κ: 0.351 site investigator/CILD, 0.519 site investigator/NDCC, and 0.618 NDCC/CILD. CONCLUSIONS: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis was the most common new-onset ILD in India, followed by CTD-ILD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; diagnoses varied between site investigators and CILD experts, emphasizing the value of MDD in ILD diagnosis. Prompted case report forms including environmental exposures in prospective registries will likely provide further insight into the etiology and management of ILD worldwide.

A rare case of multifocal lymphadenopathy in a young male.

Lymphadenopathy can be caused by localized and systemic diseases. While viral and bacterial infections commonly cause lymphadenitis in young adults, tuberculosis (TB) is a common cause for lymphadenopathy in endemic areas. Besides, lymphadenopathy may be a presenting manifestation of malignancy, systemic disorders and some rare diseases. Thus, relevant evaluation and exclusion of commoner causes is important to clinch the diagnosis. Histopathological examination is mandatory in such patients. We hereby report the case of a young adult male who presented with low-grade fever and abdominal pain with cervical and mesenteric lymphadenopathy in a TB endemic region, but was proved to have atypical presentation of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, which is a rare but benign cause of lymphadenopathy.