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Br J Cancer ; 111(1): 8-16, 2014 Jul 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24867693

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Bleomycin-etoposid-cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy is curative in most patients with disseminated germ cell cancer (GCC) but also associated with toxic actions and dysfunction in non-targeted tissues. We investigated changes in muscle function during BEP and the safety and efficacy of resistance training to modulate these changes. METHODS: Thirty GCC patients were randomly assigned to resistance training (resistance training group (INT), n=15) or usual care (CON, n=15) during 9 weeks of BEP therapy. Resistance training consisted of thrice weekly sessions of four exercises, 3-4 sets/exercise of 10-15 repetitions at 12-15 repetition maximum load. The primary endpoint was muscle fibre size, assessed in muscle biopsies from musculus vastus lateralis. Secondary endpoints were fibre phenotype composition, body composition, strength, blood biochemistry and patient-reported endpoints. Healthy age-matched subjects (REF, n=19) performed the same RT-programme for comparison purposes. RESULTS: Muscle fibre size decreased by -322 µm(2) (95% confidence interval (CI): -899 to 255; P=0.473) in the CON-group and increased by +206 µm(2) (95% CI: -384 to 796; P=0.257) in the INT-group (adjusted mean difference (AMD), +625 µm(2), 95% CI: -253 to 1503, P=0.149). Mean differences in type II fibre size (AMD, +823 µm(2), P=0.09) and lean mass (AMD, +1.49 kg, P=0.07) in favour of the INT-group approached significance. The REF-group improved all muscular endpoints and had significantly superior changes compared with the INT-group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: BEP was associated with significant reduction in lean mass and strength and trends toward unfavourable changes in muscle fibre size and phenotype composition. Resistance training was safe and attenuated dysfunction in selected endpoints, but BEP blunted several positive adaptations observed in healthy controls. Thus, our study does not support the general application of resistance training in this setting but larger-scaled trials are required to confirm this finding.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects , Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/therapy , Resistance Training/adverse effects , Resistance Training/methods , Testicular Neoplasms/therapy , Adult , Bleomycin/administration & dosage , Bleomycin/adverse effects , Cisplatin/administration & dosage , Cisplatin/adverse effects , Combined Modality Therapy , Etoposide/administration & dosage , Etoposide/adverse effects , Humans , Male , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/drug therapy , Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Single-Blind Method , Testicular Neoplasms/drug therapy , Testicular Neoplasms/physiopathology
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