Roadmap for Connecting Cancer Rehabilitation With Survivorship to Improve Patient Outcomes and Clinical Efficiency.

ABSTRACT: An evolved model of comprehensive cancer care is needed that begins at cancer diagnosis to proactively manage cancer treatment toxicities and optimize patient health, function, and well-being. Building new care models requires connecting oncology, primary care, and specialized clinicians from many disciplines including cancer rehabilitation. Having a vision for an evolved standard of comprehensive cancer care is a requirement, but it is not enough to bring an innovative clinical program to life and sustain it over the long term. To inform the development of new clinical programs, two example programs are presented that successfully integrate cancer rehabilitation services along with details of a three-step process these programs used to facilitate their success and build robust business models that ensure their sustainability. Following the roadmap for growth presented here, gaining input from stakeholders and ensuring their buy-in, leveraging existing programmatic priorities, as well as developing a strategic growth plan can help clinical innovators ensure that new programs anticipate and continually meet the needs of oncology, primary care, subspecialty care, and programs, while addressing the business needs of administrators and improving the experience for patients.

Guia para a elaboração de relatórios fonoaudiológicos de crianças implantadas: opinião de especialistas / Guide to the preparation of speech reports for implanted children: opinion of specialists

RESUMO Objetivo Desenvolver guia para elaboração de relatórios fonoaudiológicos de crianças implantadas para serem compartilhados entre fonoaudiólogos dos serviços de implante coclear (IC) e reabilitadores. Método O método Delphi foi utilizado para selecionar os itens relevantes e fundamentais que deveriam constar nas duas versões propostas para compor o guia: Guia 1 - Relatórios fonoaudiológicos fornecidos pelo serviço de IC aos reabilitadores, e Guia 2 - Relatórios fonoaudiológicos fornecidos pelos reabilitadores aos serviços de IC. Vinte e um fonoaudiólogos especialistas e com experiência na área de implante coclear e de reabilitação auditiva participaram da discussão e do julgamento dos itens durante as rodadas de seleção. Considerou-se consenso quando o item obteve a concordância igual ou superior a 80% entre os participantes, sendo selecionados para comporem os dois guias. Resultados Após as duas rodadas, 21 itens do Guia 1 obtiveram consenso entre os terapeutas, ou seja, mais de 80% deles concordaram que estes itens deveriam estar presentes no relatório enviado pelo serviço de IC. Para o Guia 2, 22 itens analisados pelos fonoaudiólogos atuantes em serviços de IC setor pós-operatório, foram selecionados na segunda rodada. Conclusão A partir da análise das duas rodadas, foi desenvolvido o "Guia para a elaboração de relatórios fonoaudiológicos: intersecção entre serviço de IC e reabilitadores". Este material pode ser aplicado na rotina de acompanhamento de crianças implantadas, padronizando as informações compartilhadas sobre o dispositivo eletrônico, resultados de avaliações, monitoramento dos resultados e processo terapêutico dessa população.

ABSTRACT Purpose To develop a guide for the preparation of speech-language reports of implanted children to be shared among speech-language pathologists of cochlear implant (CI) services and rehabilitation professionals. Methods The Delphi method was used to select the relevant and fundamental items that should be included in the two versions proposed for the guide: Guide 1 - Speech-language reports provided by the CI services to rehabilitators, and Guide 2 - Speech-language reports provided by the rehabilitators to CI services. Twenty-one speech therapists specialized and with experience in cochlear implants and auditory rehabilitation participated in the discussion and judgment of the items during the selection rounds. Consensus was considered when the item reached agreement equal to or greater than 80% among participants, being selected to compose the two guides. Results After the two rounds, 21 items from Guide 1 reached consensus among therapists, that is, more than 80% of them agreed that these items should be present in the report sent by the CI service. For Guide 2, 22 items analyzed by speech therapists working in CI services in the postoperative sector were selected in the second round. Conclusion Based on the analysis of the two rounds, the "Guide for the preparation of speech-language pathology reports: intersection between CI service and rehabilitators" was developed. This material can be applied in the follow-up of implanted children, standardizing the information shared about the electronic device, evaluation results, monitoring of results and therapeutic process of this population.

Guide to the preparation of speech reports for implanted children: opinion of specialists. / Guia para a elaboração de relatórios fonoaudiológicos de crianças implantadas: opinião de especialistas.

PURPOSE: To develop a guide for the preparation of speech-language reports of implanted children to be shared among speech-language pathologists of cochlear implant (CI) services and rehabilitation professionals. METHODS: The Delphi method was used to select the relevant and fundamental items that should be included in the two versions proposed for the guide: Guide 1 - Speech-language reports provided by the CI services to rehabilitators, and Guide 2 - Speech-language reports provided by the rehabilitators to CI services. Twenty-one speech therapists specialized and with experience in cochlear implants and auditory rehabilitation participated in the discussion and judgment of the items during the selection rounds. Consensus was considered when the item reached agreement equal to or greater than 80% among participants, being selected to compose the two guides. RESULTS: After the two rounds, 21 items from Guide 1 reached consensus among therapists, that is, more than 80% of them agreed that these items should be present in the report sent by the CI service. For Guide 2, 22 items analyzed by speech therapists working in CI services in the postoperative sector were selected in the second round. CONCLUSION: Based on the analysis of the two rounds, the "Guide for the preparation of speech-language pathology reports: intersection between CI service and rehabilitators" was developed. This material can be applied in the follow-up of implanted children, standardizing the information shared about the electronic device, evaluation results, monitoring of results and therapeutic process of this population.

OBJETIVO: Desenvolver guia para elaboração de relatórios fonoaudiológicos de crianças implantadas para serem compartilhados entre fonoaudiólogos dos serviços de implante coclear (IC) e reabilitadores. MÉTODO: O método Delphi foi utilizado para selecionar os itens relevantes e fundamentais que deveriam constar nas duas versões propostas para compor o guia: Guia 1 - Relatórios fonoaudiológicos fornecidos pelo serviço de IC aos reabilitadores, e Guia 2 - Relatórios fonoaudiológicos fornecidos pelos reabilitadores aos serviços de IC. Vinte e um fonoaudiólogos especialistas e com experiência na área de implante coclear e de reabilitação auditiva participaram da discussão e do julgamento dos itens durante as rodadas de seleção. Considerou-se consenso quando o item obteve a concordância igual ou superior a 80% entre os participantes, sendo selecionados para comporem os dois guias. RESULTADOS: Após as duas rodadas, 21 itens do Guia 1 obtiveram consenso entre os terapeutas, ou seja, mais de 80% deles concordaram que estes itens deveriam estar presentes no relatório enviado pelo serviço de IC. Para o Guia 2, 22 itens analisados pelos fonoaudiólogos atuantes em serviços de IC setor pós-operatório, foram selecionados na segunda rodada. CONCLUSÃO: A partir da análise das duas rodadas, foi desenvolvido o "Guia para a elaboração de relatórios fonoaudiológicos: intersecção entre serviço de IC e reabilitadores". Este material pode ser aplicado na rotina de acompanhamento de crianças implantadas, padronizando as informações compartilhadas sobre o dispositivo eletrônico, resultados de avaliações, monitoramento dos resultados e processo terapêutico dessa população.

Effectiveness of Computerized Auditory Training on Speech Perception in Children With Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of using computerized auditory training in the auditory perception of speech in children who use electronic devices through a systematic review of the literature. METHOD: This is a systematic review based on the elaboration of the following guiding question: In hearing-impaired children who use electronic devices, how effective is the use of computerized auditory training in the auditory perception of speech? The Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and gray literature (Google Scholar and ProQuest) were consulted. RESULTS: Nine hundred and eighteen records were identified, with additional two studies in the citation search, totaling 920 studies. After excluding the 184 duplicate references, using the Rayyan platform, the titles and abstracts were screened (n = 736), with 20 studies selected and considered for full reading. Six of the 20 studies were included in the systematic review of the literature. CONCLUSIONS: Positive and beneficial results regarding computerized auditory training are evidenced, which describe and discuss the proof of the effectiveness of the positive effects on the auditory perception of speech in children using hearing aids and cochlear implants with regard to auditory detection skills, discrimination, recognition, and auditory memory. The positive results are inspiring for the continuity and expansion of studies that further investigate the use of computerized auditory training with contemporary technologies and have an impact on the improvement of access to specialized intervention.

The Evaluation and Management of Visceral Complications in Radiation Fibrosis Syndrome Part 1.

Abstract: External beam ionizing radiation is a fundamental component of cancer treatment and is incorporated into approximately 50% of cancer treatments. Radiation therapy causes cell death directly by apoptosis and indirectly by disruption of mitosis. Purpose of Review: This study aims to inform rehabilitation clinicians of the visceral toxicities of radiation fibrosis syndrome and how to detect and diagnose these complications. Recent Findings: Latest research indicates that radiation toxicity is primarily related to radiation dose, patient co-morbidity, and concomitant use of chemotherapies and immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer. While cancer cells are the primary target, surrounding normal cells and tissues are also affected. Radiation toxicity is dose dependent, and tissue injury develops from inflammation that may progress to fibrosis. Thus, radiation dosing in cancer therapy is often limited by tissue toxicity. Although newer radiotherapeutic modalities aim to limit delivery of radiation to non-cancerous tissues, many patients continue to experience toxicity. Summary: To ensure early recognition of radiation toxicity and fibrosis, it is imperative that all clinicians are aware of the predictors, signs, and symptoms of radiation fibrosis syndrome. Here, we present part 1 of the visceral complications of radiation fibrosis syndrome, addressing radiation-related toxicity in the heart, lungs, and thyroid gland.

Disparities in Shared Decision-Making Research and Practice: The Case for Black American Patients.

OBJECTIVE: The extent of shared decision making (SDM) use in the care of Black patients is limited. We explored preferences, needs, and challenges of Black patients to enhance SDM offerings. METHODS: We performed interviews with 32 Black patients receiving type 2 diabetes care in safety-net primary care practices caring predominantly for Black people. RESULTS: The following 4 themes emerged: preference for humanistic communication, need to account for the role of family in decision making, need for medical information sharing, and mistrust of clinicians. CONCLUSION: Given the dearth of research on SDM among ethnic and racial minorities, this study offers patient-perspective recommendations to improve SDM offerings for Black patients in primary care settings. To enhance SDM with Black patients, acknowledgment of the importance of storytelling as a strategy, to place medical information in a context that makes it meaningful and memorable, is recommended. Triadic SDM, in which family members are centrally involved in decision making, is preferred over classical dyadic SDM. There is a need to reconsider the universalism assumption underlying contemporary SDM models and the relevancy of current SDM practices that were developed mostly without the feedback of participants of ethnic, racial, and cultural minorities.Annals "Online First" article.

Resistance to the use of the FM System by children and adolescents: fact or myth? An analysis of records of patients assisted in a hearing health center / Resistência ao uso do Sistema FM por crianças e adolescentes: fato ou mito? Uma análise de prontuários de pacientes atendidos em um serviço de saúde auditiva

ABSTRACT Purpose: to compare the use of the Frequency Modulation (FM) System by children and adolescents in a public hearing health center in the state of São Paulo. Methods: the analysis of medical records based on eligibility criteria. Data were collected from 340 participants born between 1998 and 2011, fitted with FM System, and who attended the follow-up appointment after fitting the device. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Results: hard-of-hearing children and adolescents of both genders from all over Brazil, attending elementary, middle or high school in public or private schools, participated. The data showed that 115 children and 155 adolescents effectively used the device, especially at school. The main difficulty for children was the lack of support from teachers; for adolescents, it was the feeling of embarrassment. Conclusion: some difficulties, especially on children, in adhering to the use of FM Systems were identified. Hence, to ensure the FM System's effective use, the importance of providing guidance and awareness of its benefits to patients, and their family members and teachers, during the fitting appointment and follow-up consultations, is emphasized.

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar o uso do Sistema de Frequência Modulada por crianças e adolescentes em um Serviço Público de Saúde Auditiva do estado de São Paulo. Métodos: análise de prontuários, balizada pelos critérios de elegibilidade. Foram coletados dados de 340 participantes adaptados com o Sistema de Frequência Modulada, nascidos entre 1998 e 2011 e que compareceram à consulta de retorno pós-adaptação do dispositivo. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: participaram crianças e adolescentes de ambos os gêneros provenientes de todo Brasil, com deficiência auditiva, cursando o ensino fundamental I ou II e ensino médio na rede pública ou privada de ensino. Os dados revelaram que 115 crianças e 155 adolescentes faziam uso efetivo do dispositivo, especialmente na escola. As principais dificuldades relatadas foram a falta de apoio dos professores entre as crianças e o sentimento de vergonha entre os adolescentes. Conclusão: foram identificadas dificuldades na adesão ao uso do Sistema FM, sobretudo por parte das crianças. Diante disso, ressalta-se a importância da orientação e da conscientização dos benefícios do uso do Sistema FM aos pacientes, familiares e seus professores, tanto no momento da adaptação do dispositivo quanto nas consultas de acompanhamento, a fim de assegurar o seu uso efetivo.

Twelve tips for developing and maintaining a successful peer mentoring program for junior faculty in academic medicine.

Effective mentorship is widely believed to be an important factor in career satisfaction and advancement. Adequate mentorship has been linked to perceived institutional support, research productivity, and protects against burnout. Despite these facts, less than half of junior faculty in academic medicine feel as if they have adequate mentorship. Given that the current landscape in academic medicine has a paucity of available mentors, both in rank and representation for true dyadic mentorship, junior faculty clinician educators may need mentorship and paths to sponsorship. The importance of peer networks has become increasingly recognized, and some institutions have begun to use peer mentoring as a means of addressing mentorship and sponsorship needs. This model can potentially circumvent some of the main barriers to mentorship by providing protected time, ameliorating power differentials, creating an environment where members have shared goals, and mitigating the need for senior faculty mentorship. The following are twelve tips to create and maintain a successful peer mentoring group for junior faculty clinician educators in academic medicine which can serve to complement the dyadic mentorship model.

Notebook of experiences: a therapeutic resource in educational audiology. / Caderno de experiências: um recurso terapêutico na audiologia educacional.

PURPOSE: To translate the My Experience Book toll into Portuguese, evaluate the translation content, readability, quality, and visual identity of the material, and make it available online. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, and qualitative study. The procedures consisted of five stages: translation of the material; evaluation and response to questionnaire one regarding translation; determining the validity of the content; readability assessment; availability of material online and evaluation of content aimed at quality and visual identity (questionnaire two). Twenty-five professionals (audiologists and physicians) participated in the study. RESULTS: The translation of the notebook showed validity agreement rates greater than 90%. Readability rated the material easy to read. Among the 184 invited professionals, only 25 agreed to participate, demonstrating low adherence to the study. Most respondents agreed positively about the content and consistency of the translated material, videos, illustrative images, and captions. The material was also considered necessary by the majority of the evaluators. All audiologists reported using the instrument in clinical practice. CONCLUSION: The translated toll is of great relevance. It gathers practical information to create a notebook of experiences and guidance on using the material as an additional resource to stimulate the auditory skills of children with hearing impairment.

OBJETIVO: Traduzir para o idioma português a ferramenta My Experience Book, avaliar o conteúdo da tradução, o nível de legibilidade, a qualidade e a identidade visual do material e disponibilizá-lo online. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo, transversal, de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo. Os procedimentos contaram com cinco etapas, sendo: tradução do material; avaliação e resposta ao questionário 1 referente à tradução; determinação da validade do conteúdo; avaliação da legibilidade; disponibilização do material online e avaliação do conteúdo voltado à qualidade e a identidade visual (questionário 2). Participaram do estudo três fonoaudiólogos, juízes e 22 profissionais (fonoaudiólogos e médicos otorrinolaringologistas de serviços de saúde auditiva e reabilitação). RESULTADOS: A tradução do material apresentou taxas de concordância de validade maiores que 90%. A legibilidade classificou o material com nível fácil de leitura. Dentre os 184 profissionais convidados, 22 concordaram com a participação, demonstrando baixa adesão ao estudo. A maior parte dos respondentes concordaram positivamente com os aspectos relacionados ao conteúdo e coerência do material traduzido, vídeos, imagens ilustrativas e legendas. O material também foi considerado importante pela maioria dos avaliadores. Todos os fonoaudiólogos referiram fazer uso do instrumento na prática clínica. CONCLUSÃO: O material traduzido referente à ferramenta é de grande relevância, pois reúne informações práticas voltadas à criação de um caderno de experiências, bem como orientações quanto ao uso do instrumento como recurso adicional para a estimulação do desenvolvimento das habilidades auditivas e de linguagem de crianças com deficiência auditiva.

Caderno de experiências: um recurso terapêutico na audiologia educacional / Notebook of experiences: a therapeutic resource in educational audiology

RESUMO Objetivo Traduzir para o idioma português a ferramenta My Experience Book, avaliar o conteúdo da tradução, o nível de legibilidade, a qualidade e a identidade visual do material e disponibilizá-lo online. Método Estudo descritivo, transversal, de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo. Os procedimentos contaram com cinco etapas, sendo: tradução do material; avaliação e resposta ao questionário 1 referente à tradução; determinação da validade do conteúdo; avaliação da legibilidade; disponibilização do material online e avaliação do conteúdo voltado à qualidade e a identidade visual (questionário 2). Participaram do estudo três fonoaudiólogos, juízes e 22 profissionais (fonoaudiólogos e médicos otorrinolaringologistas de serviços de saúde auditiva e reabilitação). Resultados A tradução do material apresentou taxas de concordância de validade maiores que 90%. A legibilidade classificou o material com nível fácil de leitura. Dentre os 184 profissionais convidados, 22 concordaram com a participação, demonstrando baixa adesão ao estudo. A maior parte dos respondentes concordaram positivamente com os aspectos relacionados ao conteúdo e coerência do material traduzido, vídeos, imagens ilustrativas e legendas. O material também foi considerado importante pela maioria dos avaliadores. Todos os fonoaudiólogos referiram fazer uso do instrumento na prática clínica. Conclusão O material traduzido referente à ferramenta é de grande relevância, pois reúne informações práticas voltadas à criação de um caderno de experiências, bem como orientações quanto ao uso do instrumento como recurso adicional para a estimulação do desenvolvimento das habilidades auditivas e de linguagem de crianças com deficiência auditiva.

ABSTRACT Purpose To translate the My Experience Book toll into Portuguese, evaluate the translation content, readability, quality, and visual identity of the material, and make it available online. Methods Descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, and qualitative study. The procedures consisted of five stages: translation of the material; evaluation and response to questionnaire one regarding translation; determining the validity of the content; readability assessment; availability of material online and evaluation of content aimed at quality and visual identity (questionnaire two). Twenty-five professionals (audiologists and physicians) participated in the study. Results The translation of the notebook showed validity agreement rates greater than 90%. Readability rated the material easy to read. Among the 184 invited professionals, only 25 agreed to participate, demonstrating low adherence to the study. Most respondents agreed positively about the content and consistency of the translated material, videos, illustrative images, and captions. The material was also considered necessary by the majority of the evaluators. All audiologists reported using the instrument in clinical practice. Conclusion The translated toll is of great relevance. It gathers practical information to create a notebook of experiences and guidance on using the material as an additional resource to stimulate the auditory skills of children with hearing impairment.

Fitting Assistive Technology for People with Hearing Loss: The Importance of Remote Microphone Systems' Electroacoustic Verification.

The remote microphone system (RMS) must be appropriately working when fitting it in a person with hearing loss. For this verification process, the concept of transparency is adopted. If it is not transparent, the hearing aid (HA) may not capture the user's voice and his peers appropriately, or the RMS may not have the advantage in gain needed to emphasize the speaker's voice. This study investigates the influence of the receiver's gain setting on the transparency of different brands and models of RMS and HAs. It is a retrospective chart review with 277 RMS from three distinct brands (RMA, RMB, and RMC) and HAs. There was an association of the receiver's gain setting with the variables: brand of the transmitter/receiver (p = 0.005), neck loop's receiver vs. universal and dedicated receivers (p = 0.022), and between brands of HA and transmitter/receiver (p < 0.001). RMS transmitter (odds ratio [OR = 7.9]) and the type of receiver (neckloop [OR = 3.4]; universal [OR = 0.78]) presented a higher risk of not achieving transparency in default gain, confirming and extolling the need to include electroacoustic verification in the protocol of fitting, verification, and validation of RMS and HA.

Frequency Modulation System and Bone Conduction Hearing Aid: Electroacoustic Verification.

Introduction A protocol has not yet been developed to perform electroacoustic measurements and behavioral tests to fit the frequency modulation (FM) system in bone conduction hearing aid (BCHA) users. Electroacoustic verification, with "FM transparency" achieved, ensures user audibility of FM transmitter and hearing aid signals. Objective To propose and validate a protocol for electroacoustic verification of the FM system coupled to the BCHA. Method Twenty-four sets of FM system and BCHA were submitted to electroacoustic verification, using a receiver and a plastic adapter to connect the BCHA to a 2cc coupler in the hearing instrument analyzer. The measurements were performed in the acoustic box, at 65 dB sound pressure level (SPL), with International Speech Test Signal (ISTS), first to the BCHA microphone and then to the FM system microphone, to determine the transparency, in which equivalent inputs for both microphones result in equivalent outputs. The FM gain or volume has been adjusted to try to gain transparency for the outputs of the two input devices. Results Transparency was achieved for all sets evaluated, but in some combinations, adjustments to the FM receiver gain over the manufacturer's default setting were required. Conclusion The proposed protocol proved to be effective for the electroacoustic verification of the FM system coupled to the BCHA.

Empowerment in hearing rehabilitation: translation of self-advocacy checklists. / O empoderamento na reabilitação auditiva: tradução dos questionários de autoadvocacia.

PURPOSE: To translate and cross-culturally adapt to Brazilian Portuguese four instruments for assessing self-advocacy skills of users of electronic hearing devices: the "I can" Self-Advocacy Checklist and three versions of the Audiology Self-Advocacy Checklist (ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, MIDDLE SCHOOL and HIGH SCHOOL). METHODS: The translation process was adapted from the guidelines of Beaton et al. (2000). The prefinal version was pre-tested in two groups. Group 1 (G1) was composed of 14 teachers of adolescents with hearing loss. Group 2 (G2) was composed of 15 adolescent patients with hearing loss, electronic assistive device users, who use oral language as their primary form of communication. RESULTS: The instruments were translated as Checklist de autoadvocacia "Eu consigo" e Checklists de Autoadvocacia em Audiologia - Ensino Fundamental I, Ensino Fundamental II and Ensino Médio. G1 did not report difficulties regarding the terms used in the checklists; however, they reported difficulties completing the student's progress. The audiologists who used the checklists to interview G2 did not report difficulties regarding the use of the instrument. Therefore, after pre-testing the prefinal version, there was no need to make changes to the instruments, which were then presented as the final version. CONCLUSION: All Self-Advocacy Checklists were translated and cross-culturally adapted into Brazilian Portuguese and are valid instruments to measure the self-advocacy skills of students with hearing loss in a clinical context.

OBJETIVO: Traduzir e adaptar culturalmente para o português brasileiro os questionários Self-Advocacy Checklist "I can", Audiology Self-Advocacy Checklist - ELEMENTARY SCHOOL (ASAC-ES), Audiology Self-Advocacy Checklist - MIDDLE SCHOOL (ASAC-MS) e Audiology Self-Advocacy Checklist - HIGH SCHOOL (ASAC-HS), para avaliar os habilidades de autoadvocacia de usuários de dispositivos eletrônicos auditivos. MÉTODO: A tradução foi realizada por meio de uma adaptação das diretrizes de Beaton et al. (2000). A versão pré-teste foi aplicada em dois grupos. O Grupo 1 (G1) foi composto por 14 professores de adolescentes com deficiência auditiva. O Grupo 2 (G2) foi composto por 15 pacientes adolescentes com deficiência auditiva, usuários de dispositivos eletrônicos auditivos, que fazem uso da linguagem oral como forma primária de comunicação. RESULTADOS: Os instrumentos foram traduzidos como Checklist de autoadvocacia "Eu consigo" e Checklists de Autoadvocacia em Audiologia - Ensino Fundamental I, Ensino Fundamental II e Ensino Médio. Para o G1, não houve relato de dificuldade em relação aos termos utilizados nos protocolos, porém, relataram dificuldades em relação ao preenchimento do progresso do estudante. Para o G2, as fonoaudiólogas que aplicaram os instrumentos em forma de entrevista não relataram dificuldade quanto ao uso do instrumento e sua aplicação. Após a aplicação da versão pré-teste, não houve necessidade de fazer alterações nos instrumentos, os quais foram apresentados como versão final. CONCLUSÃO: As Checklist de autoadvocacia foram traduzidas e adaptadas culturalmente para o português brasileiro e são instrumentos válidos para a mensuração das habilidades de autoadvocacia de estudantes com deficiência auditiva em contexto clínico.

Phrases in Noise Test (PINT) Brazil: influence of the inter-stimulus interval on the performance of children with hearing impairment. / Phrases in Noise Test (PINT) Brasil: influência do intervalo interestímulos no desempenho de crianças com deficiência auditiva.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate, using the PINT Brasil, the influence of the interstimulus interval on the performance of children with moderate and severe hearing loss fitted with hearing aids. METHODS: Ten children with normal hearing (CG) and 20 children with hearing loss (SG) participated in the study. Both groups were assessed using the speech perception test called PINT Brasil in PAUSE and NO PAUSE situations. RESULTS: When comparing the PAUSE and NO PAUSE situations, only the SG presented a statistically significant difference, indicating that the NO PAUSE situation had the best performance. In this situation, the noise oscillations were smaller, and the noise reduction algorithm, which may cause the loss of message information, was not repeatedly activated. CONCLUSION: The interstimulus interval in the PINT Brasil influenced the performance of children with moderate and severe hearing loss fitted with hearing aids. The NO PAUSE situation presented the best results.

OBJETIVO: Investigar a influência do intervalo interestímulos no desempenho de crianças com deficiência auditiva de grau moderado e severo, adaptadas com aparelhos de amplificação sonora individuais (AASI), no teste PINT Brasil. MÉTODO: Participaram do estudo 10 crianças com audição normal (GC) e 20 crianças com deficiência auditiva (GE). O teste PINT Brasil foi aplicado nas situações SEM pausa e COM pausa para os dois grupos. RESULTADOS: Na comparação entre as situações SEM pausa e COM pausa, houve diferença significativa apenas para o GE, indicando a SEM pausa com melhor desempenho. Nesta última condição, as oscilações ruidosas foram menores e não houve o acionamento repetido do redutor de ruído, o que possibilita a perda de informações da mensagem. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que o intervalo interestímulos no teste de percepção da fala PINT Brasil influenciou o desempenho das crianças com deficiência auditiva de grau moderado e severo, adaptadas com AASI. O melhor resultado foi encontrado na situação SEM PAUSA.

Communicating During COVID-19: The Effect of Transparent Masks for Speech Recognition in Noise.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the speech recognition in noise when using a transparent mask that allows greater visibility of the talker's face compared to an opaque mask in persons with normal and impaired hearing via an online format. DESIGN: A repeated-measures design was used to evaluate the auditory-visual recognition of sentences recorded in background noise with transparent and opaque face masks, and without a mask (N = 154). In a smaller follow-up study (N = 29), the same files were presented via auditory-only presentation to determine if differences observed in the transparent and opaque mask conditions were attributable to additional visual cues or to acoustic differences between the recordings of the two mask types. Listeners completed the 40-minute online session on a computer, laptop, or tablet in a quiet room via their personal listening devices (earbuds or hearing assistive device). The adult volunteers who used English as their first language were recruited through social media links and email and categorized into three groups: normal hearing and confirmed or suspected hearing loss either with or without the use of assistive listening devices. RESULTS: Auditory-visual recognition of sentences recorded with the transparent mask was significantly better (M = 68.9%) than for sentences recorded with the opaque mask (M = 58.9%) for all participants. There was a trend for those who used hearing assistive technology to score lower than the other two groups who had similar performance across all conditions regardless of the mask type. Subjective ratings of confidence and concentration followed the expected pattern based on objective scores. Results of the auditory-only presentation of the sentences to listeners with normal hearing suggested that the transparent mask benefits were not attributable to an acoustic advantage but rather to the addition of the visual cues of the talker's face available through the transparent mask. In fact, performance in the auditory-only presentation was significantly lower with the transparent mask (M = 40.7%) compared to the opaque mask (M = 58.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Use of transparent masks can significantly facilitate speech recognition in noise even for persons with normal hearing and thus may reduce stressful communication challenges experienced in medical, employment, and educational settings during the global pandemic. To mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and facilitate communication, safety-approved transparent masks are strongly encouraged over opaque masks.

Grupo terapêutico fonoaudiológico de linguagem: revisão de literatura integrativa / Speech therapy language therapeutic group: an integrative literature review / Terapia del lenguaje en grupo: revisión integradora de la literatura

Objetivo: investigar os efeitos do grupo terapêutico em linguagem descritos em estudos brasileiros. Estratégia de pesquisa: a pesquisa foi realizada nas bases eletrônicas Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS - Bireme) e SciELO. Critérios de seleção: artigos de intervenção em linguagem, realizados em grupo; artigos disponíveis na íntegra e em língua portuguesa; população-alvo abrangendo pré-escolares, escolares, adultos e idosos; artigos publicados no período de 1980 a janeiro 2018; artigos de terapia direta. Critérios de exclusão: artigos de revisão de literatura; artigos repetidos entre as bases eletrônicas; artigos envolvendo terapias individuais ou terapia indireta. A partir dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, dez estudos foram considerados e analisados. Foram realizadas análises descritivas dos estudos, considerando: ano de publicação, objetivo do estudo, amostragem, método de avaliação pré- e pós-intervenção, estruturação das sessões terapêuticas, referencial teórico e principais resultados. Resultados: verificou-se diversidade de objetivos terapêuticos, de estruturação dos atendimentos e faixa etária dos participantes, 40% dos autores descreveram o referencial teórico. Os instrumentos de avaliação foram relatados em 70% dos estudos. Portanto, constatou-se escassez de estudos que exploram os efeitos da terapia coletiva de linguagem. Conclusão: destaca-se a necessidade de maiores investimentos na realização e estruturação das terapias fonoaudiológicas em grupo e a divulgação dessas informações.

Purpose: this study aims to investigate the effects of the Group therapy in language described in Brazilian studies. Research strategies: the search was performed in the electronic databases Virtual Health Library - (VHL Regional Portal) and SciELO. Inclusion criteria: group intervention studies in language; studies available in full and in Portuguese; target population comprising preschoolers, schoolchildren, adults and the elderly; studies published from 1980 to January 2018; direct therapy studies. Exclusion criteria: literature review studies; studies duplicated between electronic databases studies involving individual therapies or indirect therapy. As a result, ten studies were incorporated into the review. The studies' descriptive analysis was performed based on the following items: year of publication, study's objective, sampling, pre- and post-intervention evaluation method, session's structure, theoretical framework and main results. Results: the objectives, the profile of the participants and the structure of the services were diversified. The theoretical framework for group formation was described in 40% studies, 70% described the evaluation instruments. There was a scarcity of studies exploring the effects of speech and language therapy. Conclusion: there is a need for greater investments in the development and structuring of speech and language therapy in group and the dissemination of this information.

Objetivo: investigar los efectos del grupo terapéutico en el lenguaje descrito en estudios brasileños. Estrategia de investigación: la investigación fue hecha utilizando la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS - Bireme) y las bases de datos electrónicas SciELO. Criterios de selección: artículos de intervención del lenguaje, realizados en grupo; artículos disponibles en su totalidad y en portugués; población objetivo que comprende preescolares, escolares, adultos y ancianos; artículos publicados desde 1980 hasta enero de 2018; artículos de terapia directa. Criterios de exclusión: artículos de revisión de literatura; artículos repetidos entre bases electrónicas; artículos relacionados con terapias individuales o terapia indirecta. A partir de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se consideraron y analizaron diez estudios. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos de los estudios, considerando: año de publicación, objetivo del estudio, muestreo, método de evaluación antes y después de la intervención, estructuración de sesiones terapéuticas, referencial teórico y resultados principales. Resultados: hubo una diversidad de objetivos terapéuticos, de como estructurar la atención y el grupo de edad de los participantes. 40% describieron el referencial teórico e 70% los instrumentos de evaluación. Por lo tanto, hubo una escasez de estudios que exploren los efectos de la terapia colectiva del lenguaje. Conclusión: existe la necesidad de mayores inversiones en la realización y estructuración de la terapia del lenguaje em grupo y la difusión de esta información.

Phrases in noise test (PINT) Brazil: effectiveness of the test in children with hearing loss.

INTRODUCTION: One of the main implications of hearing impairment is the difficulty in perceiving speech sounds, especially in noisy environments. Thus, the frequency-modulated system is considered an important educational tool for children with hearing impairment because it improves speech perception in acoustically-unfavorable environments, such as in the classroom. The assessment of speech perception in noise is included in the verification protocol of this device. OBJECTIVES: To verify the effectiveness of the phrases in noise test Brazil in children with hearing impairment using an frequency-modulated system. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional cohort study. The sample included 40 children, aged 4 years to 11 years and 11 months old, divided into 4 groups: (1) 10 normal hearing children; (2) 13 children with hearing aids and frequency-modulated system; (3) 12 children using cochlear implant and fitted with the frequency-modulated system; and (4) 5 children diagnosed with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder, fitted with hearing aids and/or cochlear implant and with the frequency-modulated system. The phrases in noise test Brazil was used to evaluate speech perception in noise under the conditions with and without the frequency-modulated system. For the statistical analysis of the data, a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05) was adopted. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the groups when they were evaluated with the frequency-modulated system. The test was also validated through concurrent and convergent validation measures. Phrases in noise test Brazil is a viable option for monitoring auditory performance in noise in different groups of children with hearing impairmen. CONCLUSION: Phrases in noise test Brazil was effective in assessing speech perception in noise and may contribute to the improvement of the indication, fitting and follow-up protocols for the frequency-modulated system use.

O empoderamento na reabilitação auditiva: tradução dos questionários de autoadvocacia / Empowerment in hearing rehabilitation: translation of self-advocacy checklists

RESUMO Objetivo Traduzir e adaptar culturalmente para o português brasileiro os questionários Self-Advocacy Checklist "I can", Audiology Self-Advocacy Checklist - ELEMENTARY SCHOOL (ASAC-ES), Audiology Self-Advocacy Checklist - MIDDLE SCHOOL (ASAC-MS) e Audiology Self-Advocacy Checklist - HIGH SCHOOL (ASAC-HS), para avaliar os habilidades de autoadvocacia de usuários de dispositivos eletrônicos auditivos. Método A tradução foi realizada por meio de uma adaptação das diretrizes de Beaton et al. (2000). A versão pré-teste foi aplicada em dois grupos. O Grupo 1 (G1) foi composto por 14 professores de adolescentes com deficiência auditiva. O Grupo 2 (G2) foi composto por 15 pacientes adolescentes com deficiência auditiva, usuários de dispositivos eletrônicos auditivos, que fazem uso da linguagem oral como forma primária de comunicação. Resultados Os instrumentos foram traduzidos como Checklist de autoadvocacia "Eu consigo" e Checklists de Autoadvocacia em Audiologia - Ensino Fundamental I, Ensino Fundamental II e Ensino Médio. Para o G1, não houve relato de dificuldade em relação aos termos utilizados nos protocolos, porém, relataram dificuldades em relação ao preenchimento do progresso do estudante. Para o G2, as fonoaudiólogas que aplicaram os instrumentos em forma de entrevista não relataram dificuldade quanto ao uso do instrumento e sua aplicação. Após a aplicação da versão pré-teste, não houve necessidade de fazer alterações nos instrumentos, os quais foram apresentados como versão final. Conclusão As Checklist de autoadvocacia foram traduzidas e adaptadas culturalmente para o português brasileiro e são instrumentos válidos para a mensuração das habilidades de autoadvocacia de estudantes com deficiência auditiva em contexto clínico.

ABSTRACT Purpose To translate and cross-culturally adapt to Brazilian Portuguese four instruments for assessing self-advocacy skills of users of electronic hearing devices: the "I can" Self-Advocacy Checklist and three versions of the Audiology Self-Advocacy Checklist (ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, MIDDLE SCHOOL and HIGH SCHOOL). Methods The translation process was adapted from the guidelines of Beaton et al. (2000). The prefinal version was pre-tested in two groups. Group 1 (G1) was composed of 14 teachers of adolescents with hearing loss. Group 2 (G2) was composed of 15 adolescent patients with hearing loss, electronic assistive device users, who use oral language as their primary form of communication. Results The instruments were translated as Checklist de autoadvocacia "Eu consigo" e Checklists de Autoadvocacia em Audiologia - Ensino Fundamental I, Ensino Fundamental II and Ensino Médio. G1 did not report difficulties regarding the terms used in the checklists; however, they reported difficulties completing the student's progress. The audiologists who used the checklists to interview G2 did not report difficulties regarding the use of the instrument. Therefore, after pre-testing the prefinal version, there was no need to make changes to the instruments, which were then presented as the final version. Conclusion All Self-Advocacy Checklists were translated and cross-culturally adapted into Brazilian Portuguese and are valid instruments to measure the self-advocacy skills of students with hearing loss in a clinical context.

The effects of using hearing aids and a frequency modulated system on listening effort among adolescents with hearing loss.

Objective: To develop a web-based application for a colour pattern memory recognition task as the secondary task of a dual-task paradigm and to compare the listening effort required by adolescents with hearing loss (HL) under two conditions (HA and HA + FM system), to adolescents with normal hearing (NH).Design: Cohort study. The participants underwent a dual-task paradigm, including the Hearing in Noise Test as the primary task and a colour memory task as the secondary task. A platform, PALETA, was developed to assess the secondary task.Study sample: In total, 31 adolescents were enrolled, of which 13 adolescents had HL and 18 adolescents had NH (mean age, 14 years).Results: Adolescents with NH scored significantly better on the secondary task compared to participants with HL using a HA. However, on analysing response time, no significant differences were observed among the groups.Conclusion: PALETA is proposed as a test procedure for the secondary task. The results revealed that the use of an FM system reduces the listening effort that adolescents with HL deploy to recognise speech in noise, and that listening effort data by number of correct responses is a way of investigating the benefits of using FM system.

O Poder Judiciário e o acesso ao Sistema de Frequência Modulada: uma análise sobre a efetivação das políticas públicas em saúde auditiva / The Judiciary and access to the Frequency Modulation System: an analysis of the effectiveness of public policies on hearing health

RESUMO Objetivo conhecer como se deu o processo de criação de políticas públicas em saúde auditiva no Brasil, bem como a influência do Poder Judiciário na concretização do acesso, pela pessoa com deficiência auditiva, ao Sistema de Frequência Modulada (Sistema FM) e para utilização em ambiente escolar. Métodos estudo qualitativo exploratório, por meio do qual foi realizado, inicialmente, um levantamento normativo nos sítios eletrônicos da Presidência da República, Câmara dos Deputados e Ministério da Saúde, visando identificar, no período compreendido entre outubro de 1988 e outubro de 2019, a existência de normas que versassem sobre a criação de políticas públicas em saúde auditiva. Foi realizado, em complemento, levantamento jurisprudencial nos sítios eletrônicos de Tribunais de Justiça, Tribunais Regionais Federais e Tribunais Superiores, visando identificar, no período compreendido entre janeiro de 2000 e outubro de 2019, a existência de decisões judiciais que versassem sobre acesso ao Sistema FM, via Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Resultados foi possível identificar dez instrumentos normativos que tratavam, especificamente, da criação de políticas públicas em saúde auditiva, além de seis decisões judiciais, cujos méritos consistiam, propriamente, no acesso ao Sistema FM, via SUS. Conclusão o Poder Judiciário tem papel fundamental na concretização do acesso ao Sistema FM pela pessoa com deficiência auditiva, uma vez que sua atuação suprime omissões dos outros Poderes e impede que políticas públicas já concebidas contemplem restrições contrárias à Constituição Federal.

ABSTRACT Purpose to know how the process of creating public policies on Hearing Health in Brazil, and the influence of the Judiciary Power for the access by the hearing impaired person and the use in the school environment, concerning the Frequency Modulation (FM) System. Methods an exploratory qualitative study through which a normative survey was initially carried out - on the websites of the Presidency, the Chamber of Deputies and the Ministry of Health - aiming to identify, from October 1988 to October 2019, the existence of norms dealing with the creation of public policies on Hearing Health. Also, a jurisprudential survey was carried out - on the websites of Courts of Justice, Federal Regional Courts, and Superior Court of Justice - to identify the existence of court decisions dealing with access to the FM System via the Unified Health System in the period from January 2000 to October 2019. Results We identified ten normative instruments that dealt specifically with the creation of public policies on Hearing Health, as well as six court decisions whose merits consisted of access to the FM System via the Unified Health System. Conclusion The Judiciary has a fundamental role in achieving access to the FM System for people with hearing impairment since its performance suppresses omissions provided by other Powers and prevents public policies already designed to contemplate restrictions contrary to the Federal Constitution.