ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Our study aimed to analyse the characteristics of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) using FDG-PET/CT (PET) and to evaluate its ability to predict the therapeutic response. PROCEDURES: Eighteen NSIP patients were included. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), FDG uptake extent (in percentage of lung volume), high resolution CT scan (HRCT) elementary lesions, and HRCT fibrosis score were recorded. The predictive value of the parameters for lung function improvement was evaluated using logistic regression and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis (n=13/18). RESULTS: All patients had an increased pulmonary FDG uptake (median SUVmax=3.1 [2-7.6]), with a median extent of 19% [6-67]. Consolidations, ground-glass opacities, honeycombing and reticulations showed uptake in 90%, 89%, 85% and 76%, respectively. FDG uptake extent was associated with improvement of pulmonary function under treatment (increase in forced vital capacity>10%, p=0.03), whereas SUVmax and HRCT fibrosis score were not (p>0.5). For FDG uptake extent, ROC analysis showed an area under the curve at 0.85±0.11 and sensitivity/specificity was 88%/80% for a threshold fixed at 21%. CONCLUSIONS: Increased FDG uptake was observed in all NSIP patients, both in inflammatory and fibrotic HRCT lesions. The quantification of FDG uptake extent might be useful to predict functional improvement under treatment.
Subject(s)
Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnostic imaging , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Area Under Curve , Female , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Follow-Up Studies , Forced Expiratory Volume/physiology , Forecasting , Humans , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Pilot Projects , Pulmonary Fibrosis/diagnostic imaging , ROC Curve , Radiographic Image Enhancement/methods , Radiopharmaceuticals , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Total Lung Capacity/physiology , Treatment Outcome , Vital Capacity/physiologySubject(s)
Blood Glucose , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis , Nurse's Role , Prediabetic State/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/prevention & control , Humans , Life Style , Middle Aged , Prediabetic State/blood , Prediabetic State/nursing , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Risk Factors , United States/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Stereotypes are fundamentally social constructs, formulated and modified through discussion and interaction with others. The present studies examined the impact of group discussion on stereotypes. In both studies, groups of participants discussed their impressions about a hypothetical target group after having read behaviors performed by target group members. These behaviors included both stereotypic and counterstereotypic examples, and the distribution of these behaviors varied across discussion group members. In some groups only 1 member knew of the counterstereotypic behaviors; in other groups this information was distributed across all group members. In general, discussion led to a polarization of the target group stereotypes, but this effect was lessened when the counterstereotypic behaviors were concentrated in 1 group member. In this case, these counterstereotypic behaviors were discussed more and retained better.
