Computer and visual display terminals (VDT) vision syndrome (CVDTS).

Computer and visual display terminals have become an essential part of modern lifestyle. The use of these devices has made our life simple in household work as well as in offices. However the prolonged use of these devices is not without any complication. Computer and visual display terminals syndrome is a constellation of symptoms ocular as well as extraocular associated with prolonged use of visual display terminals. This syndrome is gaining importance in this modern era because of the widespread use of technologies in day-to-day life. It is associated with asthenopic symptoms, visual blurring, dry eyes, musculoskeletal symptoms such as neck pain, back pain, shoulder pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, psychosocial factors, venous thromboembolism, shoulder tendonitis, and elbow epicondylitis. Proper identification of symptoms and causative factors are necessary for the accurate diagnosis and management. This article focuses on the various aspects of the computer vision display terminals syndrome described in the previous literature. Further research is needed for the better understanding of the complex pathophysiology and management.

Trabeculectomy with Mitomycin-C in Patients with Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome: A Case Series.

Iridocorneal Endothelial syndrome (ICE) is a rare ocular disorder characterized by abnormal endothelization of angle structure and iris producing characteristic manifestations including secondary angle closure glaucoma. We describe the clinical course of three patients with secondary glaucoma due to ICE syndrome who underwent trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C. At last follow-up, all patients had controlled IOP (<18 mm Hg) off drug. Early postoperative period was accompanied by shallowing of anterior chamber, diffuse vascularisation of bleb, frequent episodes of high IOP which were managed successfully. Trabeculectomy with MMC offers a good treatment choice for the management of secondary glaucoma associated with ICE syndrome.

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Presenting with Ophthalmic Features: A Case Series.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is an autosomal dominant disorder involving multiple systems and affects approximately 1 out of 3000 persons. Ocular manifestations are lisch nodules, plexiform neurofibroma, optic pathway gliomas. The proper diagnosis of NF-1 is a crucial task for a clinician due to the various clinical manifestations including vision and life threatening malignancies in few patients, which may arise in the different phases of life. The authors report three cases of NF-1, presenting with ophthalmic symptoms in teenager boys. On further ophthalmic and paediatric evaluation the diagnosis of NF-1 was confirmed on the basis of clinical criteria. This series also describe the abnormal facial features like telecanthus and broad nose which has been reported rarely. Case 1 was kept under regular follow-up and Case 2 and Case 3 were planned for the debulking surgery for plexiform neurofibroma of upper eye lid. A multidisciplinary approach is required to diagnose and treat such patients keeping in mind the myriad of clinical manifestations and life-long follow-up is required.

Treacher Collins syndrome: A case report and review of ophthalmic features.

Treacher Collins syndrome is a congenital disorder with bilaterally symmetric anomalies of the structures developing from the first and second branchial arches. The ocular and orbital features are an obligatory component for the diagnosis. We presented a case of typical, complete syndrome and also reviewed the varied ophthalmological manifestations of the disease in the literature. Antimongoloid slanting of palpebral fissures and lower lid colobomas are constant features of the syndrome. However, varied ocular and lacrimal drainage anomalies are also associated. TCS is a syndrome with multiple ocular and orbital features, a knowledge of which will help in the diagnosis of incomplete forms of the syndrome.