ABSTRACT
The objective of this prospective, consecutive, randomized, controlled study was to investigate the effects of mask physiotherapy on postoperative complications after heart surgery. Sixty-six low-risk male patients undergoing coronary artery by-pass graft surgery were evaluated. The patients were treated with routine chest physiotherapy alone or supplied with either positive expiratory pressure (PEP), or inspiratory resistance-positive expiratory pressure (IR-PEP). Postoperative pulmonary complications were assessed by forced vital capacity (FVC), arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), and chest X-ray examination. There was an almost equal decrease and subsequent rise in spirometric and blood gas values in all three groups, but patients treated with the PEP mask had a borderline significantly higher increase in PaO2 from day three to day six compared with patients treated with no mask. There was an almost equal frequency of atelectasis in the three treatment groups. It is concluded that no significant differences in outcome were found between the three groups.
Subject(s)
Coronary Artery Bypass/adverse effects , Lung Diseases/prevention & control , Masks , Physical Therapy Modalities/methods , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Blood Gas Analysis , Forced Expiratory Volume , Humans , Lung Diseases/etiology , Lung Diseases/physiopathology , Male , Positive-Pressure Respiration , Postoperative Complications/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Pulmonary Atelectasis/etiology , Pulmonary Atelectasis/physiopathology , Pulmonary Atelectasis/prevention & controlABSTRACT
The inhibitory effect of glucagon-(1-21)-peptide on the motility of the stomach and duodenum during radiologic double contrast studies was examined. In a randomized trial of equimolar doses of glucagon and glucagon-(1-21)-peptide on 70 patients, glucagon-(1-21)-peptide showed to have a significantly weaker effect than glucagon. Glucagon caused significant increases in plasma-glucose and plasma-insulin, while glucagon-(1-21)-peptide had no such effects. In a subsequent randomized study on 75 patients glucagon-(1-21)-peptide in various doses was tested against placebo. The effect was insignificant from that of placebo at practically all dose levels. No side effects were registered. It is concluded, that glucagon-(1-21)-peptide probably has a certain relaxing effect on the smooth muscle of the stomach and duodenum, but that this effect is too small for practical clinical use.