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1.
J Laryngol Otol ; 136(11): 1039-1043, 2022 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35815695

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the correlation of serum prestin level and audiological findings in adults with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS: Audiometry and serum prestin measurements were performed at study entry (T0), at day 14 (end of treatment, T1) and at day 30 (T2). RESULTS: A total of 25 idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients and 25 healthy adults were included. The geometric mean prestin level in the case and control groups at T0 was 227.7 pg/ml and 130.5 pg/ml, respectively. The geometric mean prestin level in the case group demonstrated a downward trend at T1 and T2 (214.0 pg/ml and 180.1 pg/ml, respectively; p < 0.001). Of 17 patients with high baseline prestin levels (over 150 pg/ml), prestin levels tended to decrease in 11 patients, and 5 of them (45.5 per cent) showed good recovery. CONCLUSION: The prestin concentrations increased in two-thirds of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Future work is recommended to determine the location of injury.


Subject(s)
Ear, Inner , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural , Hearing Loss, Sudden , Adult , Humans , Hearing Loss, Sudden/therapy , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis , Audiometry , Biomarkers , Audiometry, Pure-Tone
2.
Arch Pediatr ; 27(8): 432-435, 2020 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33011031

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The most important aspect of hearing loss is its effect on the communication abilities of individuals. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in hearing-impaired (HI) children with normal-hearing (NH) peers. METHODS: A total of 130 children (65 children with severe-to-profound hearing loss and 65 NH peers) participated in this cross-sectional study from November 2013 to May 2014. ADHD Rating Scale IV questionnaires were given to children's parents to collect data. Descriptive and analytical analyses were used in order to achieve the objectives of the study. RESULTS: The mean age of the HI children and NH peers was 14.1 and 13.3 years, respectively. In the case group, 52 children suffered from congenital hearing loss and 10 children had acquired hearing loss. In total, 19 cases (29.2%) and eight controls (12.3%) were diagnosed with ADHD. This difference was statistically significant (P=0.017). The prevalence of ADHD in children with hereditary or acquired hearing loss was 30.7% and 20.0%, respectively. However, this difference was not significant (P=0.71). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ADHD in school-aged children with hearing loss is higher than that in the general population of the same age. We could not find significant differences between the different subgroups due to the small sample size. Therefore, we recommend a further larger study to determine the interaction between hearing loss and ADHD.


Subject(s)
Academic Success , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/etiology , Hearing Loss/complications , Adolescent , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hearing Loss/psychology , Humans , Male , Prevalence , Risk Factors
3.
J Med Life ; 10(4): 208-215, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29362595

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that causes significant distress to the afflicted individual. About half of OCD patients treated with an adequate trial of serotonin reuptake inhibitors fail to fully respond to treatment and continue to exhibit significant symptoms. Therefore, there is a need for other agents to alleviate the symptoms of these disorders. In spite of considerable research including numerous randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews, there exists uncertainty regarding what treatments are effective. In this systematic review, we evaluated the efficacy of mood stabilizers in treatment-refractory OCD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis of all randomized clinical trials evaluating lithium, anticonvulsive agents or atypical antipsychotic drugs for OCD to determine which therapies show more effective than a placebo, in reducing obsessive-compulsive symptoms. We acquired eligible studies through a systematic search of Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, ProQuest and Google scholar. We conducted meta-analyses to establish the effect of lithium, anticonvulsive agents, or atypical antipsychotic drugs on patient-important outcomes when possible. To assess relative effects of treatments, we constructed a random effect model. DISCUSSIONS: Our review was the first to evaluate all treatments for OCD, to provide the relative effectiveness of lithium, anticonvulsive agents, or atypical antipsychotic drugs, and prioritize patient-important outcomes with a focus on functional gains. Our review facilitated the evidence-based management of patients with resistant OCD, and identified the key areas for future research.


Subject(s)
Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Lithium/therapeutic use , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/drug therapy , Clinical Trials as Topic , Humans , Systematic Reviews as Topic
4.
Surv Ophthalmol ; 36(5): 341-4, 1992.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1566235

ABSTRACT

In computed tomographic (CT) scans, a wooden foreign body can appear as a lucency with nearly the same density as air or fat, and it can be indistinguishable from orbital adipose tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can localize these wooden foreign bodies in the orbit. We studied a case in which a wooden golf tee lodged in the right optic canal of a nine-year-old boy. The head portion lodged in the orbital apex and the tip entered the interpeduncular fossa. Clinical examination revealed a right paranasal laceration; the right eye had no light perception and a peripapillary hemorrhage, but was otherwise normal. Surgical exploration and evaluation by CT failed to locate the foreign body. However, the golf tee was demonstrated by MRI as a low intensity image. Although it was removed by craniotomy with good neurological results, bacterial panophthalmitis led to enucleation of the eye. This case emphasizes the diagnostic value of MRI and the hazards of retained wooden foreign bodies.


Subject(s)
Brain Injuries/diagnosis , Eye Foreign Bodies/diagnosis , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Orbit/injuries , Wood , Adipose Tissue/diagnostic imaging , Air , Brain Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Child , Craniotomy , Endophthalmitis/microbiology , Eye Enucleation , Eye Foreign Bodies/diagnostic imaging , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male , Orbit/diagnostic imaging , Orbit/pathology , Postoperative Complications , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
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