ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Ionizing radiation exposure is an ever-present part of the dental diagnostic process. A public concern often exists due to the misunderstanding of the stochastic effects of dental X-rays. This information can be difficult to explain to the patient since many patients are apprehensive about the subject matter. OBJECTIVE: This article aims to assess the public's knowledge of radiation exposure and estimate the general concern or apprehension about these diagnostic imaging modalities in an effort to understand and therefore ensure patient reassurance during treatment. METHOD: A questionnaire was conducted asking adults between the ages of 18 to 74 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia questions pertaining to radiation risk. RESULTS: There were 105 respondents; 21.9% showed concerns toward dental imaging, while 20% were skeptical. approximately 74% of respondents believed there was a limit to the amount of radiation exposure a patient could receive for diagnostic purposes, while only eight percent correctly identified that there was no set limit. Only 21.9% knew that a breastfeeding mother could have dental X-rays if need be; 33.3% understood that ionizing radiation from an intra-oral dental X-ray caused less exposure than natural background radiation from a return flight from Jeddah to Dammam. Conclusions: Patients are not aware of ionizing radiation exposure equivalencies between different imaging modalities. A more effective approach to convey exposure risk would be relating the radiation doses to natural background radiation as comparators.
ABSTRACT
Although cancer is still one of the most significant global challenges facing public health, the world still lacks complementary approaches that would significantly enhance the efficacy of standard anticancer therapies. One of the essential strategies during cancer treatment is following a healthy diet program. The ketogenic diet (KD) has recently emerged as a metabolic therapy in cancer treatment, targeting cancer cell metabolism rather than a conventional dietary approach. The ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat and very-low-carbohydrate with adequate amounts of protein, has shown antitumor effects by reducing energy supplies to cells. This low energy supply inhibits tumor growth, explaining the ketogenic diet's therapeutic mechanisms in cancer treatment. This review highlights the crucial mechanisms that explain the ketogenic diet's potential antitumor effects, which probably produces an unfavorable metabolic environment for cancer cells and can be used as a promising adjuvant in cancer therapy. Studies discussed in this review provide a solid background for researchers and physicians to design new combination therapies based on KD and conventional therapies.
