Exploring the Impact of Social Media Sites on Compulsive Shopping Behavior: The Mediating Role of Materialism.

Purpose: This study aims to examine the influence of social media sites and television advertisements on compulsive shopping behavior, and whether this influence is mediated by materialism in the university students of Saudi Arabia. Methods: Data was collected from 487 students at Saudi universities. AMOS and Structural equation modeling (SEM) were utilized to examine the data. The research supports the Hypothesis that adolescents who are more materialistic are more prone than less materialistic adolescents to engage in compulsive shopping behavior. Results: The findings were consistent with other research, suggesting that the same remains true in the culture of Saudi Arabia. The research's findings show that television advertisements and the use of social media sites positively related to compulsive shopping behavior among university students, and materialism mediated the relationship between television advertisements and social media sites. Conclusion: The research emphasizes the significance of comprehending the materialistic attitude and consumption choices of adolescents and offers crucial information for scholars, decision-makers, and management of top companies.

Impact of perceived supervisor support and leader-member exchange on employees' intention to leave in public sector museums: A parallel mediation approach.

High staff turnover in certain public sector organizations in Pakistan is a challenging problem, and organizations strive to reduce this issue using different mechanisms. Therefore, this research investigates the parallel mediation impact of perceived organizational support (POS) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) on the relationships among perceived supervisor support (PSS), leader-member exchange (LMX), and employee's intention to leave (IL). Data were collected from 482 employees working in public sector museums in Pakistan in three waves. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with a two-step approach was used to evaluate the data. The research found that both POS and OCB mediate the negative relationship between PSS and IL and between LMX and IL in a parallel mediation mechanism. Public sector museums should focus on providing visible supervisory support and develop a healthy work environment where the exchange relationship between supervisors and subordinates strengthens to reduce the possibility of the employee's leave intentions.

Prism of Employee Performance Through the Means of Internal Support: A Study of Perceived Organizational Support.

The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical framework for testing the perceived organizational support (POS)-employee performance relationship with a mediating effect of intrinsic motivation. To combine the concepts from perceived organizational support (POS) and employee performance, secondary data have been collected from different research papers to provide a literature-based analysis. The present study found positive relationships between POS, intrinsic motivation, and employees' performance. The study further realized the intrinsic motivation as a potential mediator between POS and performance relationship. From this framework, numerous areas of research can be pursued to be used to research and practice human resource management. The theoretical framework which is developed in this paper is based upon literature that can be proved empirically. To improve theory, research, and practice in the field of human resource management, this paper conceptualizes the concept of POS through the means of internal support.

Determinants of Gender Disparity in Nutritional Intake among Children in Pakistan: Evidence from PDHS.

The purpose of this study is to analyze early age malnutrition on a gender basis in Pakistan. Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) 2012-2013 data related to households' characteristics that affect the nutrition of children less than 5 years of age are used for the estimation of results. Gender disparity (measured by girl malnourished in household/boy malnourished in a household) is constructed for the measurement of gender disparity in early age child nutrition. After synthesizing the PDHS data set, 2119 observations are used for regression results of gender disparity. Regression results are analyzed at the level of 5% confidence interval otherwise insignificant. egression results for gender disparity show that households in good socioeconomic status, a greater number of household members, a mother's higher level of education, mother employment, and the male head of the household, causes a decrease in gender disparity in nutrition intake of children.

Improving Patient behavioral Consent through Different Service Quality Dimensions: Assessing the Mediating Role of Patient Satisfaction.

This study aimed to examine the impact of the five-dimensional health care service quality (SQ) on patient behavioral consent (PBC). This study further explored the mediating role of patient satisfaction (PS) on the SQ-PBC relationship. A survey questionnaire was used to collect the data from public sector hospitals situated in Bahawalpur division, Punjab, Pakistan. We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypotheses. This study found positive and significant relationships between SQ and PBC, SQ and PS, and PS and PBC. Our results further revealed that PS partially mediates the relationship between SQ and PBC. Our study offers a comprehensive theoretical framework of several service quality attributes (SQs) affecting patient behavioral consent (PBC) and patient satisfaction (PS) in health care institutions. Testing these above relationships via a mediation approach is novel and contributed to the current study on service quality.

The Effect of "Women's Empowerment" on Child Nutritional Status in Pakistan.

Women's empowerment in terms of both involvements in employment activities and with decision-making about household activities is the most evident factors that can affect the nutritional and health status of their children. This paper investigates the effect of women's empowerment (WE) on children's nutritional (CN) status in Pakistan. The Pakistan demographic health survey (PDHS 2012-13) cross-sectional data was used to analyze the impacts of WE on child malnutrition. The composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) was used as a dependent variable to measure the children's nutritional status, and the wealth index household size. The number of children in a house and indicators of women empowerment, which included the mother's education, employment status, and the household decision-making, were used as the independent variables. The method of binary logistic regression with marginal effects was used for the empirical analysis of the results. The results of the study showed the indicators of women's empowerment, such as the education of the mother and employment status had a negative relationship with child malnutrition. Women's decision-making about the visits to family, which is an indicator of WE, had an insignificant effect on CN. Similarly, socioeconomic status, which included the wealth index, also caused a reduction in child malnutrition. In addition, an increase in household size had a positive and significant relation to child malnutrition. Women are the primary caretakers of children in the household, and their intra-household dynamics affect the well-being of individuals. The empowerment of women acts as a means to enhance children's nutritional status, which causes important developmental outcomes.

Promoting OPD Patient Satisfaction through Different Healthcare Determinants: A Study of Public Sector Hospitals.

Patient satisfaction is a core tool for measuring the performance of the hospitals as well as the service provider and the services that they are providing to the patients. The aim of this research is to evaluate how information received, medical equipment, distance from the hospital, and physical infrastructure influenced patient satisfaction at public hospitals in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. An exploratory research technique was used. We distributed 700 questionnaires through a random method, and 579 provided proper responses. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and a regression analysis were used for the data analysis. The study results illustrated that medical equipment, information received, distance from the hospital, and physical infrastructure had significantly positive impacts (p = 0.001) on patient satisfaction. To promote higher level of satisfaction, there is a need to take appropriate steps for improvement.

Can Leadership Enhance Patient Satisfaction? Assessing the Role of Administrative and Medical Quality.

This paper aimed to investigate the relationships between participative leadership (PL), administrative quality (AQ), medical quality (MQ), and patient satisfaction (PS) using the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award Healthcare Criteria (MBNQA) criteria. The study further examined the intervening influence of administrative quality and medical quality on the relationship between participative leadership and patient satisfaction. The data was obtained from 123 public sector hospitals in Pakistan. We employed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques to test the structural model. From the study results, we found significant and positive relationships between participative, administrative quality, medical quality, and patient satisfaction. In addition, our research found administrative quality and medical quality as potential mediators on PL-PS relation. Adopting participative leadership as an exogenous factor, and both administrative and medical quality as potential mediators of patient satisfaction, provided new insights into MBNQA criteria.

Linking Transformational Leadership with Nurse-Assessed Adverse Patient Outcomes and the Quality of Care: Assessing the Role of Job Satisfaction and Structural Empowerment.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between transformational leadership (TL), structural empowerment (SE), job satisfaction (JS), nurse-assessed adverse patient outcomes (APO), and the quality of care (QOC). The study further investigates the mediating effects of SE and JS on TL-APO and TL-QOC relationships. A total of 600 nurses working at 17 government hospitals in Pakistan completed the survey. The hypothesized model was tested using a confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. We found a positive relationship between TL, SE, JS, and QOC but negative relationships between TL and APO, SE and APO, and JS and APO. Our study further suggests that SE and JS strongly mediate both TL-APO and TL-QOC relationships.

Measuring OPD Patient Satisfaction with Different Service Delivery Aspects at Public Hospitals in Pakistan.

The satisfaction of the patient is believed to be one of the preferred results of healthcare, and it is directly connected with the usage of health services. This study aimed to assess how doctor services, nurses' services, and waiting time predict patient satisfaction (PS) with the service delivery of healthcare in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. The study used an exploratory research method, in which 1000 participants were selected, and used a random technique, in which 850 responses were received. Multiple regression analysis and a confirmatory factor were employed to analyze the collected data. The findings showed that doctor services (ß = 0.232; p = 0.01), nurses services (ß = 0.256; p = 0.01), and waiting time (ß = 0.091; p = 0.03) had positive significant impacts on PS, while registration services (ß = 0.028; p = 0.390) had an insignificant association with PS. Hence, a significant gap existed in the registration services that were totally ignored in hospitals of Pakistan which needed proper considerations for improvements.