Subject(s)
Disasters , Radiation Injuries/prevention & control , Radioactive Fallout , Accidents , Humans , Nuclear Reactors , Nuclear WarfareSubject(s)
International Agencies , Radiation Protection , Humans , Radiation Dosage , Radiation Effects , Research , United NationsABSTRACT
The result of a study done on 52 subjects including a thorough ventilatory functional test and the radioisotopic measurement of inhaled particles deposition, by working out the TB/P ratio, revealed that: 1. giving aerosol needs an exacting technique when used for quantitative aims; 2. ratio TB/P is increased in patients with chronic broncho-pulmonary diseases, because of a predominantly tracheo-bronchial deposition of particles; 3. in patients with a satisfactory ventilatory function the TB/P ratio is increased; on the other hand in patients with ventilatory disorders, the ratio is normal. The repartition of particles deposition between the compartments TB and B depends therefore not only on factors involving ventilatory functional values but also on the physiopathological factors not included in them.
Subject(s)
Bronchi/physiology , Lung/physiology , Trachea/physiology , Bronchi/physiopathology , Humans , Lung/physiopathology , Respiratory Function Tests , Trachea/physiopathologyABSTRACT
A short review is made of the general characteristics of electromagnetic and corpuscular radiations to which man can be exposed. Following some considerations on the action of ionizing radiations and the radiobiological factors governing their effects on health, the overall characteristics of pathological effects differentiating stochastic from non-stochastic effects are summarized. The uncertainties remaining as to low-level exposures are stated as well as the cautious assumptions usually madein this field. The various sources of exposure to which the population is submitted are considered, i.e. exposures from natural, medical, domestic, industrial sources or from fallout from nuclear weapon tests; the present or predictable levels of exposure and their variations are given for each source. But for medical irradiation, all the exposures connected to human activities are much lower than natural exposure variations; such exposures should modify the incidence of certain affections but quite insignificantly as compared with the regional or local variations observed.
Subject(s)
Public Health , Radiation , Electromagnetic Phenomena , Environment , Environmental Exposure , Humans , Industry , Radiation Dosage , Radiation Effects , Radiation, Ionizing , Radioactive Fallout , Radiography , Radioisotopes , Radiotherapy , Radiotherapy Dosage , RiskABSTRACT
Jointly sponsored by ILO, IAEA, and WHO
Subject(s)
Radiation Protection , Hospitals , Professional PracticeABSTRACT
Reviews the radiation protection requirements in hospitals using unsealed radioactive sources and discusses the problems associated with the administration, handling, and transportation of these sources. Chapters cover the design, construction, and management of nuclear medicine departments and give guidance on methods of reducing the exposure of the patient, the attendant personnel, and the general public to a level consistent with sound medical practice. The book also features information on monitoring and decontamination, procedures for handling cadavers with incorporated radionuclides, and the steps to follow in the emergency reaction to an accident