ABSTRACT
AIMS: The aim of the study was to retrospectively evaluate changes in vision after the implantation of trifocal (tIOL) or rotationally asymmetric multifocal artificial intraocular lenses (mIOL) in patients undergoing clear lens extraction. The main goal was to determine whether changes to central visual acuity occur after the implantation of an IOL at a follow-up examination after one year. Other objectives were to determine the difference between the groups with implanted diffractive and rotationally asymmetric artificial intraocular lenses, as well as to evaluate the risk of accurate correction in patients who had lived most of their lives "undercorrected". MATERIAL AND METHODS: In our study, we present a retrospective longitudinal evaluation of results in patients after the implantation of an artificial intraocular lens. In the period from 2013 to 2020, we evaluated changes in the vision of 22 patients aged 39-59 years, of whom 18 were women and 5 were men. The average preoperative refraction of myopic eyes was +5.7 ±2.13 Dsf and +1.24 ±0.86 Dcyl. In amblyopic eyes, 7 diffractive lenses and 15 rotationally asymmetric lenses were used. RESULTS: Uncorrected distance visual acuity before surgery and one year (1Y) after was 0.13 ±0.09 vs. 0.57 ±0.28 (p < 0.001); the best corrected distance visual acuity before and 1Y after was 0.53 ±0.22 vs. 0.62 ±0.29 (p = 0.024); uncorrected near visual acuity before and 1Y after was 0.06 ±0.06 vs. 0.48 ±0.32 (p < 0.001); the best corrected near visual acuity before and afér the surgical procedure was 0.45 ±0.27vs. 0.55 ±0.35 (p = 0.014). CONCLUSION: Implantation of tIOL and mIOL lenses was effective in our group of patients with amblyopia, thus improving uncorrected distance and near visual acuity and without serious adverse effects. At the same time, we evaluate that the change in refraction and the removal of anisometropia lead to a significant change in the best corrected visual acuity for distance or near vision at the one-year follow-up examination.
Subject(s)
Amblyopia , Lenses, Intraocular , Myopia , Phacoemulsification , Male , Humans , Adult , Female , Retrospective Studies , Amblyopia/etiology , Amblyopia/surgery , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Visual Acuity , Refraction, Ocular , Myopia/surgery , Prosthesis DesignABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency and efficacy of silicone oil (SO) retinal tamponade in various retinal diseases. The incidence of silicone oil tamponade according to individual indications, incidence of complications and duration of tamponade were evaluated in the study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study included 510 eyes that were operated on pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) from January 2010 to December 2012. In our group we evaluated 241 men and 189 women, age 4-84 years, mean 62 years . Follow-up period was 12 to 48 months, an average of 27.5 months . We evaluated 253 eyes with diabetic retinopathy, 201 eyes with regmatogenous retinal detachment, 34 eyes with endophthalmitis and 22 eyes after the injury. RESULTS: In 253 diabetic retinopathy eyes (DR) silicone oil tamponade was indicated in 56 eyes (22.1 %). Silicone oil removal was done on 22 eyes (39.3 %), the average length of SO tamponade was 9.7 months. After SO removal BCVA (best corrected visual acuity) 0,1 and worse had 12 eyes (54,6 %), 0,2 - 0,4 had 5 eyes (22,7 %) and 0,5 or better had 5 eyes (22,7 %). Permanent SO tamponade was left in 34 diabetic retinopathy eyes (60.7 %). Secondary glaucoma (SG) was present in 40 eyes (71.5 %). In 201 retinal detachment (RD) eyes silicone oil tamponade was used in 76 eyes (37.8 %). Secondary glaucoma was present in 31 eyes (40.8 %). Silicone oil was successfully removed in 40 eyes (52.6 %), the average length of tamponade was 9.2 months. In this group BCVA 0,1 and worse had 22 eyes (55,0 %), 0,2 - 0,4 had 15 eyes (37,5 %) and 0,5 or better had 3 eyes (7,5 %). 36 eyes (47,4 %) RD eyes had permanent silicone oil tamponade. In a group of 34 eyes with endophthalmitis SO tamponade was used in 16 eyes (47 %). Secondary glaucoma was present in 3 eyes (18.8 %). Silicone oil removal we did in 11 eyes (68.8 %), the average length of SO tamponade was 5.5 months. After SO removal BCVA 0,1 and worse had 3 eyes (27,2 %), 0,2 - 0,4 had 4 eyes (36,4 %) and 0,5 or better had 4 eyes (36,4 %). 5 eyes (31.2 %) with endophthalmitis had permanent SO tamponade. Out of 22 eyes with eye injuries SO tamponade was used in 14 eyes (63.6 %). 5 eyes (35.7 %) had secondary glaucoma. In 9 eyes (64.3 %) silicone oil was removed, the average length of tamponade was 9.1 months. In this group BCVA 0,1 and worse had 6 eyes (66,7 %), 0,2-0,4 had 1 eye (11,1 %) and 0,5 or better had 2 eyes (22,2 %). Permanent silicone oil tamponade had 5 eyes (35,7 %). In group of 56 phakic eyes (100 %) with silicone oil tamponade we followed cataract progression. 26 eyes (40 %) had cataract surgery in 6 month follow up, 47 eyes (72.3 %) in 1 year follow up and 57 eyes (87.7 %) had cataract surgery in 3 years follow up. CONCLUSION: Silicone oil tamponade is the method of choice for long-term and stable retinal tamponade, which is important for good functional outcomes of the surgical intervention. The silicone oil tamponade of the retina is nowadays irreplaceable, despite of its potential risks and complications.
Subject(s)
Retinal Detachment/surgery , Silicone Oils/administration & dosage , Visual Acuity , Vitrectomy/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retinal Detachment/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate the results of the idiopathic macular hole (IDM) surgical treatment. Surgery included pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with the removal (peeling) of internal limiting membrane (ILM) and intraocular tamponade with a diluted expanding gas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study included 100 eyes of 96 patients (10 men and 86 women) with IDM, that were operated at II. Eye Clinic SZU in Banska Bystrica from August 2008 to August 2012. Patients age ranged from 48 to 86 years, average 69.3 years. Mean follow-up time was 39.2 months. All patients underwent PPV with the ILM peeling. Intraocular air tamponade was used in 1-case, 16 % SF6 84-times and 12 % C3F8 15 times. RESULTS: Anatomical success of the operation was evaluated with OCT examination. After primary operation there were 92 (92 %) closed macular holes in our study. In 6 patients (6 %), we decided to reoperate with gas tamponade (SF6 2-times, C3F8 4 times). After the reoperations final anatomical success in our study was 97 eyes (97 %). Functional results we examined with Snellen. Improved best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was observed in 85 eyes (85 %), no changes in 11 eyes (11 %), and deterioration in 4 eyes (4 %). Improvement in vision was following: 1 line - 18 eyes, 2 lines - 20 eyes, 3 lines - 18 eyes, 4 lines - 11 eyes, 5 or more lines in 18 eyes. CONCLUSION: Pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling and gas tamponade is highly effective and safe treatment of idiopathic macular hole.Key words: idiopathic macular hole, pars plana vitrectomy, expanding gas.
Subject(s)
Retinal Perforations/surgery , Vitrectomy/methods , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retinal Perforations/diagnosis , Retinal Perforations/physiopathology , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Treatment Outcome , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate the importance and benefits of using gases in vitreoretinal surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The gases represent a wide group of substances used in eye surgery for more than 100 years. The role of intraocular gases in vitreoretinal surgery is irreplaceable. Their use is still considered to be the "gold standard". An important step in eye surgery was the introduction of expanding gases--sulfur hexafluoride and perfluorocarbons into routine clinical practice. The most common indications for the use of intraocular gases are: retinal detachment, idiopathic macular hole, complications of vitreoretinal surgery and others. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of intraocular gases into routine clinical practice, along with other modern surgical techniques resulted in significant improvement of postoperative outcomes in a wide range of eye diseases. Understanding the principles of intraocular gases use brings the benefits to the patient and physician as well. Due to their physical and chemical properties they pose far the best and most appropriate variant of intraocular tamponade. Gases also bring some disadvantages, such as difficulties in detailed fundus examination, visual acuity testing, ultrasonographic examination, difficulties in application of intravitreal drugs or reduced possibility of retina laser treatment. The gases significantly change optical system properties of the eye. The use of gases in vitreoretinal surgery has significantly increased success rate of retinal detachment surgery, complicated posterior segment cases, trauma, surgery of the macula and other diseases.
