ABSTRACT
Intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is used for the maintenance treatment of some types of bladder cancer. Although rare, ocular complications can develop following intravesical BCG treatment. This is a case report of culture-positive Mycobacterium bovis BCG endophthalmitis following intravesical BCG installation. The case highlights a rare complication of BCG installation and the need for an eye examination when patients after BCG installation develop eye symptoms.
Subject(s)
Endophthalmitis , Mycobacterium bovis , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms , Humans , BCG Vaccine/therapeutic use , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy , Endophthalmitis/microbiology , Administration, IntravesicalABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A patient's health literacy is fundamental for navigating the health system and managing disease. This study aimed to compare the health literacy levels of patients with chronic retinal disease in Denmark. METHODS: This cross-sectional questionnaire study used the validated HLS-EU-Q16 questionnaire to determine the health literacy of 225 patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME) or retinal vein occlusion (RVO), receiving intravitreal treatment at the retinal clinic, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark. Patients were consecutively included as participants for the study. All patients had the option of having the survey read aloud to them. RESULTS: Health literacy levels between the patient groups did not differ significantly, however, the proportion of patients with poor health literacy was high-65% of AMD patients, 73% of DME patients, and 63% of patients with RVO. CONCLUSIONS: Low health literacy of patients with retinal disease signify a need for more health literacy research in the field of retinal diseases, to secure that patients have the timely and appropriate knowledge and competencies to manage their condition.
Subject(s)
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data , Patient Education as Topic/standards , Retinal Diseases/psychology , Visual Acuity , Aged , Chronic Disease , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors , Tomography, Optical CoherenceSubject(s)
Corneal Diseases/prevention & control , Epithelium, Corneal/drug effects , Povidone-Iodine/administration & dosage , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Corneal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Corneal Diseases/etiology , Epithelium, Corneal/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Intravitreal Injections/adverse effects , Macular Edema/drug therapy , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Therapeutic IrrigationABSTRACT
Parinaud syndrome (PS) can manifest in a pineal tumour. Major components of PS include restriction of gazing upwards, light-near dissociation and convergence retraction nystagmus. A 14-year-old boy presented with diplopia and restricted ability to gaze upwards. The objective examination revealed signs, which were compatible with the major manifestations of PS. A magnetic resonance scan (MRI) of cerebrum indicated pinealoma, and a pathological examination identified the lesion as a germ cell carcinoma. The patient received chemotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery. The ophthalmic symptoms improved, and a follow-up MRI demonstrated complete regression of the tumour.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms , Ocular Motility Disorders , Pineal Gland , Pinealoma , Adolescent , Brain Neoplasms/complications , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Ocular Motility Disorders/etiology , Pinealoma/complications , SyndromeABSTRACT
Parinaud syndrome (PS) can manifest in a pineal tumour. Major components of PS include restriction of gazing upwards, light-near dissociation and convergence retraction nystagmus. A 14-year-old boy presented with diplopia and restricted ability to gaze upwards. The objective examination revealed signs, which were compatible with the major manifestations of PS. A magnetic resonance scan (MRI) of cerebrum indicated pinealoma, and a pathological examination identified the lesion as a germ cell carcinoma. The patient received chemotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery. The ophthalmic symptoms improved, and a follow-up MRI demonstrated complete regression of the tumour.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms , Ocular Motility Disorders , Pineal Gland , Pinealoma , Adolescent , Brain Neoplasms/complications , Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Ocular Motility Disorders/etiology , Pinealoma/complications , Pinealoma/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study explored the impact of involvement in cooking on long-term morbidity and mortality among patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: Data are from the population-based study Diabetes Care in General Practice. In baseline questionnaires, 1348 patients newly diagnosed with T2DM gave information on how frequently they consumed a warm main meal and how often they cooked it themselves. The selected patients were followed up for 19 years in the Danish National Patient Registry and the Danish Register of Causes of Death. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: This study analysed the association between involvement in cooking and each of seven pre-specified outcomes was analysed in Cox regression models with stepwise adjustment for possible confounders and mediators. RESULTS: 92% of the patients with T2DM consumed a warm main meal ≥ five times per week. Among these, women who cooked for themselves less than once a week had a higher risk of diabetes-related deaths (HR 1.86 [95% CI 1.03-3.35], p = 0.039) and stroke (HR 2.47 [95% CI 1.08-5.65], p = 0.033), after adjustment for confounders. For men, infrequent cooking was not related to increased risk for the outcomes investigated. CONCLUSIONS: In patients newly diagnosed with T2DM and with a regular intake of warm main meals, infrequent involvement in cooking was associated with an increased risk of diabetes-related death and stroke for women, but not for men. General practitioners should pay special attention to managing diabetes treatment in female patients newly diagnosed with T2DM who report infrequent involvement in cooking.
