Electrical property of organic thin films for power device.

Monolayers of lipid on a water surface have attracted much interest as models of biological membranes, but also as precursors of multilayer systems promising many technical applications. Until now, many methodologies have been developed in order to gain a better understanding of the relationship between the structure and function of the monolayers. Maxwell displacement current (MDC) measurement has been employed to study the dielectric property of Langmuir-films. MDC flowing across monolayers is analyzed using a rod-like molecular model. A linear relationship between the monolayer compression speed alpha and the molecular area A(m). Compression speed alpha was about 30, 40, 50 mm/min. Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) layers of Arachidic acid deposited by LB method were deposited onto slide glass as Y-type film. The structure of manufactured device is Au/Arachidic acid/Al (MIM), the number of accumulated layers are 9-21. Also, we then examined of the Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) device by means of I-V. I-V characteristics of the device are measured from -3 to +3 [V]. The insulation property of a thin film is better as the distance between electrodes is larger.

Fabrication of protein chip by magnetic force.

This research describes a new immobilizing method of many kinds of biomaterials (enzyme, antibody, and DNA) on a transducer array using magnetic force interaction as the short-range force. The method composes two immobilizing steps. In the first step, same biomaterials are immobilized on metal particles. In the second step, the particles are arranged by the fluidic self-assembly method at random on an array. An array immobilized many kinds of the particles become multichannel biosensor. The biosensor can apply to DNA chip, protein chip, multienzyme electrode, and so on. The metal particles and the array were fabricated by micromachining manufacture. The metal particles were multilayer structure (gold, titanium, and nickel). In the array case, sidewalls of patterning nickel dots on an array were covered by thick negative photoresist (SU-8), and the array was magnetized. The array and the particles were mixed in buffer solution, and were arranged by magnetic force interaction. A quarter of total nickel dots were covered by the particles. The binding direction of the particles was controllable, and condition of particles was almost with gold surface on top. The immobilization of the biomaterials to metal particles was able to materialize it by using 3-CPD. This confirmed an activity by the luminol radiation.

The selection of introduced sounds to improve the soundscape in the public spaces.

The purpose of introducing sounds is to afford a comfortable acoustic environment and to design good soundscapes. This study aims at rating the preference of subjects for the introduced sounds suitable to the public spaces and also investigates the methodology to select the sounds by subjective and objective procedures. Seventeen kinds of the introduced sounds were evaluated with nine adjectives in the presence of visual location information. Also, adequate sound levels were calculated by adjusting the volume of introduced sounds in the presence of the actual background sounds of locations and visual information. The concept of harmony with the surroundings was reviewed by analyzing the correlation among 9 adjectives which express introduced sounds. And the effectiveness of existed sound quality index was analyzed so as to select the introduced sounds quantitatively. By the evaluation of the adequate level of the introduced sounds, it is proposed that the lower introduced sound level would be better for the noisy circumstances.