ABSTRACT
Erythrocytes have the potential role in erythropoiesis and disease diagnosis. Thought to have lacked nucleic acid content, mammalian erythrocytes are nevertheless able to function for 120-140 days, metabolize heme, maintain oxidative stress, and so on. Mysteriously, erythrocytes proved as largest repositories of microRNAs (miRNAs) some of which are selectively retained and function in mature erythrocytes. They have unique expression patterns and have been found to be linked to specific conditions such as sickle cell anaemia, high-altitude hypoxia, chronic mountain sickness, cardiovascular and metabolic conditions as well as host-parasite interactions. They also have been implicated in cell storage-related damage and the regulation of its survival. However, the mechanism by which miRNAs function in the cell remains unclear. Investigations into the molecular mechanism of miRNAs in erythrocytes via extracellular vesicles have provided important clues in research studies on Plasmodium infection. Erythrocytes are also the primary source of circulating miRNAs but, how they affect the plasma/serum miRNAs profiles are still poorly understood. Erythrocyte-derived exosomal miRNAs, can interact with various body cell types, and have easy access to all regions, making them potentially crucial in various pathophysiological conditions. Which can also improve our understanding to identify potential treatment options and discovery related to non-invasive diagnostic markers. This article emphasizes the importance of erythrocytic miRNAs while focusing on the enigmatic behaviour of erythrocytes. It also sheds light on how this knowledge may be applied in the future to enhance the state of erythrocyte translational research from the standpoint of erythrocytic miRNAs.
ABSTRACT
Objetive:To evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of aqueous-methanolic plant extracts of nine plant species selected,based on ethnobotanical data.Methods:Based on ethnobotanical database,the selected plants were tested for their antiplasmodial activity against chloroquinesensitive (3D7) strain of Plasmodium falciparum.Qualitative tests and high performance thin layer chromatography analysis were carried out to explore the phytocomponents present in the plant extracts.1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl antioxidant activity was also determined to check the antioxidant activity of the plant extracts.Results:Moringa oleifera (IC50:3.906 μg/mL),Acalypha indica (IC50:3.906 μg/mL),Hyptis suaveolens (IC50:3.906 μg/mL),Mangifera indica (IC50:4.150 μg/mL) and Averrhoa bidimbi (IC50:4.881 μg/mL) showed very good antiplasmodial activity.Conclusions:Crude extracts of Mangifera indica and Hyptis suaveolens demonstrated the most efficacious antimalarial activity.A bioassay-guided fractionation of these extracts to identify the lead compound is proved to be useful.The results validate the traditional use of the selected plants as antimalarials.
