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1.
Conscientiae saúde (Impr.) ; 17(4): 469-477, dez. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-987389

ABSTRACT

Introdução: a ordem do treinamento com pesos (TP) pode estar relacionada aos benefícios observados nesta modalidade. Objetivo: avaliar a ordem de TP na capacidade funcional e carga de treino. Métodos: dezoito idosos treinados foram aleatorizados: sequência A (SEQ A), dos grandes para os pequenos grupos musculares e sequência B (SEQ B), ordem inversa a SEQ A. A flexibilidade, tarefas funcionais, resistência muscular e carga de treino foram verificados. Resultados: interação foi observada para a flexibilidade, em que a SEQ B (+ 18,7%) apresentou resultado significativo, quando comparada à SEQ A (- 18,4%). Efeito do tempo foi encontrado para tarefa funcional (SEQ A = - 2,9% e SEQ B = - 1,9%), resistência muscular (SEQ A = + 11,5% e SEQ B = + 8,9%) e carga de treino (SEQ A = + 54,0% e SEQ B = + 74,3%). Conclusão: TP é efetivo para a melhora da tarefa funcional, da resistência muscular e da carga de treino, porém a ordem pode influenciar na flexibilidade.


Introduction: The order of resistance training (RT) may be related to the benefits observed in this modality. Objective: To evaluate the order of RT in functional capacity and training load. Methods: Eighteen trained elderly were randomized: sequence A (SEQ A), from large to small muscle groups and sequence B (SEQ B), reverse order to SEQ A. Flexibility, functional tasks, muscle endurance and training load were verified. Results: Interaction was observed for flexibility, where the SEQ B (+ 18.7%) presented significant result when compared to SEQ A (- 18.4%). Effect of time was found for functional task (SEQ A = - 2.9% and SEQ B = - 1.9%), muscle endurance (SEQ A = + 11.5% and SEQ B = + 8.9%) and training load (SEQ A = + 54.0% and SEQ B = + 74.3%). Conclusion: RT is effective for improving functional task, muscular endurance and training load, but order can influence flexibility.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Resistance Training/methods , Functional Status , Range of Motion, Articular , Physical Exertion , Physical Functional Performance
2.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 22(2): 142-146, mar.-abr. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-781466

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Uma das funções da educação física na escola - a promoção de hábitos saudáveis - não vem sendo cumprida. Diante disso, a opção pela participação de crianças e jovens em programas de esportes como estratégia para auxiliar a melhora dos componentes da aptidão física vem sendo amplamente utilizada. Entretanto, ainda não estão claros quais os tipos de modalidades esportivas podem oferecer benefícios de maior magnitude. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a associação entre os componentes da aptidão física voltados para a saúde e as modalidades esportivas individuais e coletivas em crianças e adolescentes. Método: Para tanto, participaram do estudo 401 sujeitos com idade entre oito e 16 anos. Os componentes da aptidão física foram avaliados por meio da bateria de testes PROESP - 2007. Para a análise dos dados, foram empregados o teste qui-quadrado e a regressão logística binária, a fim de identificar as associações e suas magnitudes. Resultados: Os sujeitos praticantes de modalidades esportivas individuais apresentaram 1,93 e 2,32 vezes mais chance de atingirem valores esperados de aptidão física para o índice de massa corporal e flexibilidade. Por outro lado, os praticantes de modalidades coletivas apresentaram 75% mais chances de atingir os critérios de saúde da capacidade física para força de membros superiores. Conclusão: Dessa forma, é possível concluir que os diversos componentes da aptidão física voltada para a saúde estão associados às modalidades esportivas em crianças e adolescentes.


Introduction: One of the roles of physical education in school - promoting healthy habits - is not being fulfilled. Therefore, participation of children and young people in sports programs, as a strategy to help improve different components of physical fitness, has been widely used. But it is still not clear what types of sports can offer the greatest benefits. Objective: To identify the association between different components of physical fitness focused on health, and individual and collective sports in children and adolescents. Methods: 401 subjects aged between eight and 16 years participated in the study. The components of physical fitness were assessed using the PROESP - 2007 battery of tests. For the data analysis, we used the chi-square test and binary logistic regression to identify associations and their magnitudes. Results: The subjects who practiced individual sports were 1.93 and 2.32 times more likely to achieve expected values of physical fitness for body mass index and flexibility. On the other hand, those who played collective sports were 75% more likely to achieve the health criteria of physical capacity for upper limb strength. Conclusion: We conclude that the various components of health-oriented physical fitness are associated with sports in children and adolescents.


Introducción: Una de las funciones de la educación física en la escuela - la promoción de hábitos saludables - no se ha cumplido. Delante de eso, la opción por la participación de niños y jóvenes en programas de deportes como estrategia para auxiliar en la mejora de los componentes de la aptitud física viene siendo ampliamente utilizada. Sin embargo, todavía no está claro qué tipo de deportes pueden ofrecer beneficios de una mayor magnitud. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue identificar la asociación entre los componentes de aptitud física orientados a la salud y los deportes individuales y colectivos en los niños y adolescentes. Método: Para eso, participaron del estudio 401 sujetos de edades comprendidas entre ocho y 16 años. Los componentes de la aptitud física se evaluaron mediante la batería de pruebas PROESP - 2007. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la prueba de chi-cuadrado y regresión logística binaria para identificar asociaciones y sus magnitudes. Resultados: Los sujetos que practican deportes individuales mostraron 1,93 y 2,32 veces más probabilidades de alcanzar los valores esperados de aptitud física para el índice de masa corporal y flexibilidad. Por otro lado, los practicantes de modalidades colectivas presentaron 75% más de probabilidad de alcanzar los criterios de salud de la capacidad física para fuerza de miembros superiores. Conclusión: Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que los diversos componentes de la aptitud física orientada a la salud están asociados con los deportes en los niños y adolescentes.

3.
Eur J Nutr ; 55(6): 2053-62, 2016 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26280946

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of acute L-arginine (L-arg) supplementation on peripheral vasodilatation and muscle performance in older women. METHODS: In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 20 elderly women were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to either an L-arg (ARG, N = 10) or placebo (PLA, N = 10) group. During the first visit, both groups underwent a Doppler ultrasound exam (to assess the femoral artery vasodilatation) at rest (baseline), and immediately before and after the isokinetic strength test (performed at 80 min after supplementation). On the second and third visits, the groups completed a battery of muscle performance tests (to assess the isometric and functional strength), initiated at the same time point (80 min after supplementation). RESULTS: The femoral artery blood flow (ARG: 443.9 ± 42.8 vs. PLA: 373.1 ± 40.8 ml/min; P > 0.05) and area (ARG: 0.45 ± 0.03 vs. PLA: 0.41 ± 0.02 cm(2); P > 0.05) were similar between the groups at basal conditions, and they remained unchanged after supplementation. Following exercise, blood flow increased ~160 % above the basal level, and there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference between the ARG and PLA groups. Additionally, there were no significant (P > 0.05) differences between the ARG and PLA groups for any strength variable (isokinetic, isometric, and functional). CONCLUSION: These results show that acute L-arg supplementation provides no ergogenic effect on blood flow and muscle performance in older women.


Subject(s)
Arginine/administration & dosage , Blood Flow Velocity/drug effects , Dietary Supplements , Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Body Mass Index , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Performance-Enhancing Substances/administration & dosage , Resistance Training , Rest , Vasodilation/drug effects
4.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness ; 56(1-2): 9-18, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25286894

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an additional set of exhaustive exercise before local muscular endurance (LME) training on maximal dynamic strength and endurance of quadriceps muscle in young men. METHODS: Twenty-seven healthy men (age: 20.9±1.8 years) performed one repetition maximum (1RM), muscular endurance, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tests on two separate occasions (before and after an 8-wk LME training program using a bilateral knee extensor machine). After baseline testing, the subjects were divided into three groups: untrained control (CO, N.=9), traditional training (TR, N.=9), and prior exhaustive training (PE, N.=9). Both the TR and PE groups trained using the same LME training protocol (2 d∙wk-1; 3 sets of 15-20 repetitions at 50% of 1RM) throughout the 8-wk experimental period; the only difference was that the PE group performed an additional set of exhaustive exercise at 80% of 1RM immediately before each training session. RESULTS: After 8 wk, the PE group experienced a greater (P<0.05) increase in 1RM, endurance, and work efficiency than the TR group. Additionally, no changes (P>0.05) in cross-sectional area (CSA), body mass and daily dietary intake were observed from pre- to post-test in either group. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the inclusion of a single set of exhaustive exercise at 80% of 1RM immediately before LME training can be a suitable strategy for inducing additional beneficial effects on quadriceps strength and endurance in young men.


Subject(s)
Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Physical Endurance/physiology , Quadriceps Muscle/physiology , Resistance Training/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Diet , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Muscle Strength/physiology , Muscle, Skeletal/anatomy & histology , Young Adult
5.
Estud. interdiscip. envelhec ; 20(1): 41-56, abr. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-70434

ABSTRACT

Introdução: as dislipidemias, a obesidade, os hábitos alimentares, o estilo de vida e as características genéticas são fatores de riscos para doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivo: investigar a associação do, perfil lipídico ao estado nutricional e ao consumo alimentar em idosos. Métodos: participaram do estudo 469 idosos. Foi avaliado o estado nutricional pelo IMC, o consumo alimentar pelo recordatório de 24 horas, o perfil lipídico por método enzimático automatizado e o uso de medicação hipolipemiante. Resultados: houve alta prevalência de excesso de peso (mulheres: 51,1%; homens: 32,5%). Somente 23,2% das mulheres e 49,4% dos homens não apresentaram dislipidemias. As mulheres apresentaram valores superiores de colesterol total, LDL-c e triglicerídeos (p < 0,05) quando comparadas aos homens, mesmo no subgrupo de pacientes medicados. A dieta caracterizou-se como hiperproteica, hiperlipídica e com baixo consumo de hortaliças e frutas. Considerações finais: os resultados reforçam a importância da promoção da alimentação saudável no âmbito da atenção básica, independente do uso de medicação hipolipemiante, pois as alterações no perfil lipídico e no estado nutricional persistem, indicando risco aumentado para doenças cardiovasculares. (AU)


Introduction: dyslipidemia, obesity, unbalanced diet, life style and genetic background are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the association of lipid profi le, nutritional status and dietary intake in elderly. Methods: the studied population was composed by 469 individuals. Nutritional status was assessed by BMI, dietary intake by 24-Hour Dietary Recall, the lipid profi le by enzymatic method and use of antilipidaemic medication. Results: a high prevalence of overweight was observed (women: 51.1%; men: 32.5%). Only 23.2% of women and 49.4% of men did not have dyslipidemia. The women showed higher values of total cholesterol, LDL-c and triglycerides compared to men, even in patients using antilipidaemic medication (p < 0.05). Diet was hyperlipidemic, hyperproteic and with low vegetables consumption. Final remarks: these results reinforce the signifi cance of healthy diet in primary attention despite the use of antilipidemic medication, since changes in the lipid profi le and nutritional status are sustained indicating an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Dyslipidemias , Nutritional Status , Eating
6.
Estud. interdiscip. envelhec ; 20(1): 41-56, abr. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-868920

ABSTRACT

Introdução: as dislipidemias, a obesidade, os hábitos alimentares, o estilo de vida e as características genéticas são fatores de riscos para doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivo: investigar a associação do, perfil lipídico ao estado nutricional e ao consumo alimentar em idosos. Métodos: participaram do estudo 469 idosos. Foi avaliado o estado nutricional pelo IMC, o consumo alimentar pelo recordatório de 24 horas, o perfil lipídico por método enzimático automatizado e o uso de medicação hipolipemiante. Resultados: houve alta prevalência de excesso de peso (mulheres: 51,1%; homens: 32,5%). Somente 23,2% das mulheres e 49,4% dos homens não apresentaram dislipidemias. As mulheres apresentaram valores superiores de colesterol total, LDL-c e triglicerídeos (p < 0,05) quando comparadas aos homens, mesmo no subgrupo de pacientes medicados. A dieta caracterizou-se como hiperproteica, hiperlipídica e com baixo consumo de hortaliças e frutas. Considerações finais: os resultados reforçam a importância da promoção da alimentação saudável no âmbito da atenção básica, independente do uso de medicação hipolipemiante, pois as alterações no perfil lipídico e no estado nutricional persistem, indicando risco aumentado para doenças cardiovasculares.


Introduction: dyslipidemia, obesity, unbalanced diet, life style and genetic background are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the association of lipid profi le, nutritional status and dietary intake in elderly. Methods: the studied population was composed by 469 individuals. Nutritional status was assessed by BMI, dietary intake by 24-Hour Dietary Recall, the lipid profi le by enzymatic method and use of antilipidaemic medication. Results: a high prevalence of overweight was observed (women: 51.1%; men: 32.5%). Only 23.2% of women and 49.4% of men did not have dyslipidemia. The women showed higher values of total cholesterol, LDL-c and triglycerides compared to men, even in patients using antilipidaemic medication (p < 0.05). Diet was hyperlipidemic, hyperproteic and with low vegetables consumption. Final remarks: these results reinforce the signifi cance of healthy diet in primary attention despite the use of antilipidemic medication, since changes in the lipid profi le and nutritional status are sustained indicating an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Dyslipidemias , Eating , Nutritional Status
7.
Rev. educ. fis ; 24(3): 443-451, jul.-set. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-711178

ABSTRACT

Este estudo analisa a influência da ordem de exercícios com pesos sobre a composição corporal de idosos. Dezoito homens (69 ± 5 anos) foram separados aleatoriamente em dois grupos, dos quais um grupo realizou a sequência A (SEQ A), estruturada para a execução dos exercícios, iniciando-se dos grandes para os pequenos grupos musculares e outro grupo, a sequência B (SEQ B), ordenada de forma inversa à primeira (SEQ A). A intervenção foi realizada por sete semanas, composta por duas séries de 10 a 15 repetições máximas, três vezes por semana. Antes e após a intervenção, os grupos foram submetidos à avaliação da composição corporal por meio da técnica de bioimpedância elétrica. Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante (P > 0,05) foi encontrada entre a SEQ A e SEQ B para nenhuma das variáveis analisadas. Os resultados sugerem que a ordem de execução dos exercícios com pesos não influencia as respostas da composição corporal em homens idosos.


This study analyzed the influence of resistance exercises on body composition among elderly males. Eighteen men (69 ± 5 years) were randomly assigned to two groups. One group performed sequence A (SEQ A), starting from large to small muscle groups; the other group performed sequence B (SEQ B), set up in the inverse order as the first (SEQ A). The intervention was carried out for seven weeks, consisting of two sets of 10 to 15 maximum repetitions, three times a week. Before and after the intervention, the groups were submitted to body composition measurements using the bioelectrical impedance technique. No statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) were found between SEQ A and SEQ B for any of the analyzed variables. The results suggest that the order in which the resistance exercises were performed does not influence responses of body composition in older men.

8.
Rev Paul Pediatr ; 31(1): 71-6, 2013.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23703047

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between nutritional status, physical fitness, and body image in children and adolescents. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 401 students (236 boys and 165 girls) aged between 8 and 16 years that were regularly enrolled in sports in the local clubs. The nutritional status was evaluated by the body mass index. Students were assessed for satisfaction with body image, abdominal strength resistance, and cardiorespiratory fitness. The variables were assessed on the same day following a standardized order. In order to verify relationships between variables, the chi-square test was used. Afterwards, the binary logistic regression was applied to identify the magnitude of the associations, considering p<0.05 as significant. RESULTS: Association was found between body image and body mass index (p=0.001), abdominal strength resistance (p=0.005) and cardiorespiratory fitness (p=0.001). The Odds Ratio for presenting the body image insatisfaction for those who have not achieved the expected values for the health criteria in abdominal strength resistance and cardiorespiratory fitness were 2.14 and 2.42 times respectively, and for those with overweight and obesity, 2.87 times. CONCLUSIONS: Insatisfaction with body image is associated with body mass index and also with physical fitness, abdominal strength resistance, and cardiorespiratory fitness variables.


Subject(s)
Abdominal Muscles/physiology , Body Image , Heart/physiology , Muscle Strength , Nutritional Status , Physical Fitness , Respiratory Physiological Phenomena , Sports/physiology , Adolescent , Body Mass Index , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male
9.
Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum ; 15(2): 145-154, Mar.-Apr. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-669454

ABSTRACT

The objective of the study was to analyze the impact of 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) on physical functional fitness in elderly women. Fifty-one elderly women (66.1±4.4 years), apparently healthy, insufficiently active, and without prior experience in RT were randomly assigned into two groups: Training Group (TG = 24) and Control Group (CG = 27). The TG was submitted to a standardized RT program composed of eight exercises, performed in two sets of 10 to 15 repetitions, three times a week, and the CG was submitted to a 12 week stretching exercise program composed by two sessions per week of 30 minutes each. Their physical and functional fitness level was analyzed before and after the intervention period by motor testing to assess Right and Left Upper Limb Endurance (RULE, LULE), Lower Limb Endurance (LLE), Flexibility (FLEX), Manual Skills (MS), Ability to Put on Socks (APS), and Coordination (COORD). The TG had improved performance in LLE (+13.8%), RULE (+24.3%), LULE (+22.9%), and MS (- 0.9 s), whereas the CG improved performance in RULE (+13.9%) and LULE (+14.1%), but had increased time in COORD by (+1.5 s), and these were the only tests showing significant interactions of group vs. time (p<0.05). The results suggest that 12 weeks of RT seem to be sufficient to induce positive changes on physical and functional fitness of healthy and previously untrained elderly women.


O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o impacto de 12 semanas de treinamento com pesos (TP) sobre a aptidão físico-funcional de mulheres idosas. Para tanto, 51 mulheres idosas (66,1±4,4 anos), aparentemente saudáveis, insuficientemente ativas e sem experiência prévia em TP foram separadas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: grupo treinamento (GT = 24) e grupo controle (GC = 27). O GT foi submetido a um programa de TP estruturado com oito exercícios, executados em duas séries de 10 a 15 repetições, três vezes por semana, a partir de uma montagem alternada por segmento, ao passo que o GC foi submetido a 30 minutos de alongamento, duas vezes por semana, durante 12 semanas de intervenção. A aptidão físico-funcional foi analisada antes e após o período de intervenção, por meio de testes motores para avaliação da resistência muscular de membros inferiores (RMMI) e superiores direito (RMMSD) e esquerdo (RMMSE), flexibilidade (FLEX), habilidades manuais (HM), capacidade de calçar meias (CCM) e coordenação (COORD). O GT apresentou melhoria de desempenho nos testes de RMMI (+13,8%), RMMSD (+24,3%) RMMSE (+22,9%) e HM (-0,9 s), ao passo que o GC melhorou o desempenho nos testes RMMSD (+13,9%) e RMMSE (+14,1%) e piorou o tempo no teste de COORD (+1,5 s), com interações significantes grupo x tempo sendo identificadas apenas nesses testes (p<0,05). Os resultados sugerem que 12 semanas de TP parecem ser suficientes para induzir benefícios na aptidão físico-funcional de idosas saudáveis e previamente não treinadas.

10.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 31(1): 71-76, mar. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-671661

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar se há associação entre estado nutricional, nível de aptidão física e imagem corporal em crianças e adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Participaram deste estudo transversal 401 estudantes (236 meninos e 165 meninas) com idades entre 8 e 16 anos, praticantes de esportes nos clubes locais. Para o estado nutricional calculou-se o índice de massa corpórea. Foram avaliadas a satisfação com a imagem corporal, a força de resistência abdominal e a aptidão cardiorrespiratória. As variáveis foram analisadas no mesmo dia, seguindo ordem padronizada. Para verificar as associações entre as variáveis foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado. Posteriormente, a regressão logística binária foi aplicada para identificar a magnitude das associações, considerando-se significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foi constatada associação entre imagem corporal e índice de massa corpórea (p=0,001), força de resistência abdominal (p=0,005) e aptidão cardiorrespiratória (p=0,001). A razão de chances para os participantes que não atingiram os valores esperados para os critérios de saúde na força de resistência abdominal e na aptidão cardiorrespiratória de apresentarem insatisfação com a imagem corporal foi de 2,14 e 2,42 vezes, respectivamente, e para aqueles com sobrepeso e obesidade, de 2,87 vezes. CONCLUSÕES: A insatisfação com a imagem corporal está associada ao índice de massa corpórea e também às variáveis de aptidão física, força de resistência abdominal e aptidão cardiorrespiratória.


OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between nutritional status, physical fitness, and body image in children and adolescents. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 401 students (236 boys and 165 girls) aged between 8 and 16 years that were regularly enrolled in sports in the local clubs. The nutritional status was evaluated by the body mass index. Students were assessed for satisfaction with body image, abdominal strength resistance, and cardiorespiratory fitness. The variables were assessed on the same day following a standardized order. In order to verify relationships between variables, the chi-square test was used. Afterwards, the binary logistic regression was applied to identify the magnitude of the associations, considering p<0.05 as significant. RESULTS: Association was found between body image and body mass index (p=0.001), abdominal strength resistance (p=0.005) and cardiorespiratory fitness (p=0.001). The Odds Ratio for presenting the body image insatisfaction for those who have not achieved the expected values for the health criteria in abdominal strength resistance and cardiorespiratory fitness were 2.14 and 2.42 times respectively, and for those with overweight and obesity, 2.87 times. CONCLUSIONS: Insatisfaction with body image is associated with body mass index and also with physical fitness, abdominal strength resistance, and cardiorespiratory fitness variables.


OBJETIVO: Verificar si hay asociación entre estado nutricional, nivel de aptitud física e imagen corporal en niños y adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Participaron de este estudio transversal 401 estudiantes (236 muchachos y 156 muchachas) con edades entre 8 y 16 años. Para el estado nutricional se calculó el índice de masa corporal. Se evaluaron la satisfacción con la imagen corporal, la fuerza de resistencia abdominal y la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria. Las variables fueron analizadas en el mismo día, siguiendo orden estandarizado. Para verificar las asociaciones entre las variables se utilizó la prueba del chi-cuadrado. Posteriormente, se aplicó la regresión logística binaria para identificar la magnitud de las asociaciones, considerando como significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Se constató asociación entre imagen corporal e índice de masa corporal (p=0,001), fuerza de resistencia abdominal (p=0,005) y aptitud cardiorrespiratoria (p=0,001).La razón de chances para los participantes que no alcanzaron los valores esperados para los criterios de salud en la fuerza de resistencia abdominal y en la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria de presentar insatisfacción con la imagen corporal fue de 2,14 y 2,42 veces, respectivamente, y para aquellos con sobrepeso y obesidad, de 2,87 veces. CONCLUSIONES: La insatisfacción con la imagen corporal está asociada al índice de masa corporal y también a las variables de aptitud física, fuerza de resistencia abdominal y aptitud cardiorrespiratoria.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Abdominal Muscles/physiology , Body Image , Heart/physiology , Muscle Strength , Nutritional Status , Physical Fitness , Respiratory Physiological Phenomena , Sports/physiology , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies
11.
J Strength Cond Res ; 27(6): 1636-42, 2013 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22990569

ABSTRACT

Strength is a fundamental component of physical fitness, and therefore should be precisely assessed. The purpose of this study was to analyze the number of testing sessions required to achieve consistent 1 repetition maximum (1RM) strength measurements in untrained older women. Forty-five untrained older women were measured for 1RM in bench press machine (BP), leg extension (LE) machine, and free weight arm curl (AC). Reliability coefficients for trials 1 and 2 for BP (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.973) and LE (ICC = 0.976) were higher than for AC (ICC = 0.953). Percent change from trial 1 to 2 for BP (3.5 ± 10.9%) and AC (3.8 ± 8.1%) was less than for LE (5.4 ± 6.2%), but all were significant increases between trials (p < 0.05). Trial differences were reduced to nonsignificant levels (p > 0.05) in the third trial for BP (0.0 ± 0.0%), LE (1.2 ± 3.0%) and AC (2.7 ± 5.9%). Reliability coefficients rose for BP and LE (ICC = 0.999) and AC (ICC = 0.963) when a third trial was performed. Bland and Altman plotting showed very small bias and limits of agreement (LoA) for both the exercises (BP: bias = 0 kg, limits of agreement = 0 kg; LE: bias = -0.16 kg, LoA = 2.21 kg; AC: bias = -0.11 kg, LoA = 1.72 kg). This approach to determine 1RM strength values produced rapid lifting technique familiarization resulting in a need of 2 to 3 test sessions to achieve consistent 1RM measurements in untrained older women.


Subject(s)
Exercise Test , Muscle Strength , Weight Lifting/physiology , Aged , Female , Humans , Learning , Middle Aged , Muscle Strength Dynamometer , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Reproducibility of Results
12.
Eur J Appl Physiol ; 113(4): 987-96, 2013 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23053133

ABSTRACT

This study examined the effects of long-term creatine supplementation combined with resistance training (RT) on the one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength, motor functional performance (e.g., 30-s chair stand, arm curl, and getting up from lying on the floor tests) and body composition (e.g., fat-free mass, muscle mass, and % body fat using DEXA scans) in older women. Eighteen healthy women (64.9 ± 5.0 years) were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to either a creatine (CR, N = 9) or placebo (PL, N = 9) group. Both groups underwent a 12-week RT program (3 days week(-1)), consuming an equivalent amount of either creatine (5.0 g day(-1)) or placebo (maltodextrin). After 12 week, the CR group experienced a greater (P < 0.05) increase (Δ%) in training volume (+164.2), and 1RM bench press (+5.1), knee extension (+3.9) and biceps curl (+8.8) performance than the PL group. Furthermore, CR group gained significantly more fat-free mass (+3.2) and muscle mass (+2.8) and were more efficient in performing submaximal-strength functional tests than the PL group. No changes (P > 0.05) in body mass or % body fat were observed from pre- to post-test in either group. These results indicate that long-term creatine supplementation combined with RT improves the ability to perform submaximal-strength functional tasks and promotes a greater increase in maximal strength, fat-free mass and muscle mass in older women.


Subject(s)
Creatine/administration & dosage , Dietary Supplements , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Muscle Strength/drug effects , Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects , Performance-Enhancing Substances/administration & dosage , Resistance Training , Absorptiometry, Photon , Age Factors , Aged , Analysis of Variance , Body Composition/drug effects , Brazil , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Motor Activity/drug effects , Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging , Organ Size/drug effects , Sex Factors , Time Factors
15.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 16(1): 29-32, jan.-fev. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-553299

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o efeito de 12 semanas de treinamento com pesos (TP) sobre a força muscular, composição corporal e triglicérides em homens sedentários. Para tanto, 14 homens saudáveis e sedentários foram separados aleatoriamente, de forma balanceada, em grupo experimental (GE = 29 ± 1 anos; 180,0 ± 3,0cm; 80,5 ± 1,8kg) e grupo controle (GC = 27 ± 1 anos; 170,0 ± 2,0cm; 76,2 ± 0,9kg). O GE foi submetido a um protocolo de TP durante 12 semanas, com frequência de três vezes por semana. O programa de TP foi composto por 10 exercícios executados em duas séries de 10-20 repetições. Medidas de massa corporal, estatura, espessura de dobras cutâneas e triglicérides foram realizadas antes e após o período de intervenção. Adicionalmente, o teste de uma repetição máxima (1RM) foi aplicado nos exercícios supino em banco horizontal e mesa extensora, nos período pré, após seis e 12 semanas de acompanhamento. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas (P < 0,05) após as 12 semanas de TP apenas no GE para o somatório das dobras cutâneas, ao passo que a massa corporal e os triglicérides não sofreram alterações nesse período. Com relação aos valores de força muscular, identificou-se aumento significativo (P < 0,05) no GE em ambos os exercícios entre o primeiro e o segundo teste de 1RM e entre o segundo e o terceiro. Conclui-se, portanto, que 12 semanas de TP foram suficientes para aumentar a força muscular e reduzir o somatório de dobras cutâneas sem, contudo, alterar os valores de triglicérides e massa corporal.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of resistance training on muscle strength, body composition and triglycerides in sedentary men. Fourteen healthy men were randomly divided into experimental (EG = 29 ± 1 yrs; 180.0 ± 3.0 cm; 80.5 ± 1.8 kg) and control (CG = 27 ± 1 yrs; 170.0 ± 2.0 cm; 76.2 ± 0.9 kg) groups. The EG subjects participated in a resistance training protocol during 12 weeks, three times per week. The program of resistance training included 10 exercises performed in two sets of 10-20 repetitions. Body mass, height, skinfold thickness and triglycerides were measured before and after the 12 weeks of intervention. One maximal repetition test (1RM) was done to measure muscle strength. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed on the sum of skinfolds only in EG after the resistance training, while body mass and triglycerides did not change in neither groups. Muscle strength increased (P<0.05) in both exercises performed between the first and the second and between the second and the third 1-RM tests. Therefore, 12 weeks of resistance training were enough to improve muscle strength and sum of skinfolds, but without promoting any changes in triglycerides and body mass.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Body Composition , Resistance Training , Sedentary Behavior , Triglycerides/analysis
16.
Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum ; 10(3): 266-270, 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-489575

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a concordância entre dois indicadores de obesidade, IMC e percentual de gordura, em escolares de ambos os sexos. Para tanto, 100 meninas e 100 meninos de 8 a 10 anos, alunos do ensino fundamental do município de Londrina, foram submetidos a medidas antropométricas para subseqüente cálculo do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e percentual de gordura como indicadores de obesidade. As variáveis foram analisadas em relação aos critérios de referência apresentados por Williams et al6 e Cole et al7. Os resultados foram analisados pelo índice Kappa, evidenciando que 79% dos meninos e 85% das meninas foram classificados simultaneamente pelos dois procedimentos. Uma concordância moderada entre os dois indicadores de obesidade na classificação para meninos e meninas foi evidenciada (kappa=0,43 e 0,50, respectivamente). Entretanto, os dados encontrados demonstraram que 21% dos meninos e 15% das meninas encontravam-se dentro de uma faixa de peso considerada normal, segundo o IMC, contudo, de acordo com o percentual de gordura corporal, apresentavam um quadro de obesidade. Os resultados demonstraram que o IMC, quando comparado ao percentual de gordura, apresentou concordância moderada para classificar crianças de ambos os sexos, de 8 a 10 anos, em relação à obesidade, acima e dentro do critério de referência para saúde.


The aim of this study was to compare the concordance of two obesity indicators, BMI and % body fat in boys and girls. Therefore, 100 girls and 100 boys, with ages ranging from 8 to 10 years, were submitted to anthropometric measurements for subsequent calculation of Body Mass Index (BMI) and % body fat, both as obesity indicators. The variables were analyzed with relation to the reference criteria proposed by Williams et al6 and Cole et al7. The results were then analyzed with the kappa index, elucidating that 79% of the boys and 85% of the girls were classified simultaneously by both procedures. The kappa index indicated a moderate agreement between the two obesity indicators for obese and non-obese classification. However, our data demonstrated that 21% of the boys and 15% of the girls showed normal weight according to BMI, but were classified as obese according to the % body fat. The results show that BMI, when compared with skinfolds, had moderate agreement in children from 8 to 10 years old for detecting obesity.

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