Antibiotic prescribing patterns in the placement of dental implants in Europe: A systematic review of survey-based studies.

BACKGROUND: The present systematic review aims to investigate the guidelines for prescribing Preventive Antibiotic Therapy (PAT) in the placement of dental implants (DIs) without anatomical constraints in healthy patients by clinicians in Europe and to compare them with current recommendations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A search was performed in 4 databases: Medline (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and LILACS. The criteria employed were those described in the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) declaration (PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42022382278). RESULTS: The electronic search identified 10 studies published between 2010 and 2023 that met the established criteria. Overall, 60.8% ± 24.1% of European professionals routinely prescribe PAT, with the most frequent regimen being perioperative (mean= 46.7% ± 24.3%), followed by postoperative PAT only (mean= 20.3% ± 9.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The most commonly prescribed antibiotic both pre- and postoperatively is amoxicillin and, in allergic patients, clindamycin. In Europe, more doses of PAT are being prescribed than suggested by current recommendations. For this reason, more PAT education is needed in educational curricula to promote a more rational use of antibiotics to reduce the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance.

Clinical practice guideline of the spanish society of oral surgery for oral surgery in patients with coagulation disorders.

BACKGROUND: The number of patients treated with coagulation disorders, and more specifically with anticoagulant therapy, has increased worldwide in recent years due to increased life expectancy in developed countries. The protocols for managing this type of patient in oral surgery has varied over recent years, especially after the appearance of new direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs). The assessment of risk of bleeding in this type of patient when undergoing a surgical procedure continues to be a controversial issue for patients, dentists and general practitioners. The objective of this document is to offer recommendations, based on evidence, for decision making for patients with coagulopathies who require dental surgical intervention. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Based on the indications of the "Preparation of Clinical Practice guidelines in the National Health System. Methodological manual", we gathered a group of experts who agreed on 15 PICO questions based on managing patients with coagulation disorders in dental surgical procedures, such as fitting of implants or dental extractions. RESULTS: The 15 PICO questions were answered based on the available evidence, being limited in most cases due to the lack of a control group. Two of the PICO questions were answered by the experts with a grade C recommendation, while the rest were answered with grade D. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this review highlight the need to undertake well designed clinical trials with control groups and with a representative sample size.

Nuevos enfoques en el control de la pérdida ósea marginal periimplantaria / New approaches in the control of peri implant marginal bone loss

La pérdida ósea marginal periimplantaria (MBL) es un proceso de remodelación no infeccioso que ocurre durante el primer año después de la colocación de un implante dental y todavía en la actualidad, sigue siendo un proceso complejo que sigue suscitando dudas. La asociación entre MBL y enfermedades periimplantarias todavía no está clara del todo, sin embargo, algunos autores así lo han establecido. Por este motivo, el control temprano de la MBL puede ser un factor clave en la prevención de la periimplantitis. Se han descrito factores generales y sistémicos del paciente, factores quirúrgicos asociados a la propia colocación del implante o a los tejidos duros y blandos que lo rodean, pero también a factores prostodónticos y de oclusión. El control de la posición del implante y el volumen de los tejidos, de la estabilidad primaria, de la inflamación postoperatoria y tardía, así como el momento de la carga, el tipo de prótesis o la forma y la altura del pilar, son algunos de los factores identificados como clave actualmente. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir desde un punto de vista reflexivo, la implicación de todos estos factores en el control de la MBL. (AU)

Peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL) is a non-infectious remodelling process that occurs during the first year after the placement of a dental implant and even today, it remains a complex process that continues to raise questions. The association between MBL and peri-implant diseases is still not entirely clear, however, some authors have established it. For this reason, early control of MBL may be a key factor in the prevention of peri-implantitis. General and systemic factors of the patient have been described, surgical factors associated with the actual placement of the implant or the surrounding hard and soft tissues, but also prosthodontic and occlusion factors. The control of the position of the implant and the volume of the tissues, of the primary stability, of the postoperative and late inflammation, as well as the moment of the load, the type of prosthesis or the shape and height of the abutment, are some of the factors currently identified as key. The objective of this work is to describe, from a reflexive point of view, the implication of all these factors in the control of MBL. (AU)

A Review of Robotics in Neurorehabilitation: Towards an Automated Process for Upper Limb.

Robot-mediated neurorehabilitation is a growing field that seeks to incorporate advances in robotics combined with neuroscience and rehabilitation to define new methods for treating problems related with neurological diseases. In this paper, a systematic literature review is conducted to identify the contribution of robotics for upper limb neurorehabilitation, highlighting its relation with the rehabilitation cycle, and to clarify the prospective research directions in the development of more autonomous rehabilitation processes. With this aim, first, a study and definition of a general rehabilitation process are made, and then, it is particularized for the case of neurorehabilitation, identifying the components involved in the cycle and their degree of interaction between them. Next, this generic process is compared with the current literature in robotics focused on upper limb treatment, analyzing which components of this rehabilitation cycle are being investigated. Finally, the challenges and opportunities to obtain more autonomous rehabilitation processes are discussed. In addition, based on this study, a series of technical requirements that should be taken into account when designing and implementing autonomous robotic systems for rehabilitation is presented and discussed.

Knowledge of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the Jawsamong Mexican dentists.

BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis is an infrequent but potentially serious complication. Its treatment remains complex, and in some cases can be mutilating. Prevention, a correct diagnosis and opportune management are crucial. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was made, interviewing 410 dentists with the aim of assessing their knowledge of the subject. RESULTS: Practically all of the dental professionals (99.7%) were found to lack sufficient knowledge of the prevention, diagnosis and management of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Actions including increased diffusion in the professional media and inclusion of the subject in training programs are needed in order to enhance the knowledge of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis among dentists and thus prevent complications in this group of patients.