ABSTRACT
An in vitro designed for determining sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum strains isolated from Kanchanaburi Province, to Mefloquine/Quinine combination, was carried out. The MIC values of Mefloquine/Quinine for the P.falciparum strains were found to be 0.075/3.75 to 0.225/11.15 nM/ml. The changes observed following the drug treatment were an enlargement of the space between the outer and the inner limiting membrane of the parasitophorous vacuole. These changes were followed by cytoplasmic degeneration and vacuolation.
Subject(s)
Mefloquine/pharmacology , Plasmodium falciparum/drug effects , Quinine/pharmacology , Animals , Drug Combinations , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Humans , Plasmodium falciparum/growth & development , Plasmodium falciparum/ultrastructureABSTRACT
The fifth nonlethal case of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis was reported. He was a 61-year-old gardener from northeast Thailand who had an abrupt onset of high fever, headache and stupor. Lumbar puncture showed numerous naegleria in the cerebrospinal fluid. The combination of 0.5 mg/kg/day of intravenous amphotericin B for 14 days, oral rifampicin and oral ketoconazole for 1 month cured the patient with no recurrence after one year of follow-up. The authors emphasise the regimen of low dose amphotericin B for a prolonged period instead of a high dose over a short period.
Subject(s)
Amebiasis/drug therapy , Amphotericin B/therapeutic use , Meningoencephalitis/drug therapy , Naegleria , Amebiasis/cerebrospinal fluid , Amebiasis/mortality , Amphotericin B/administration & dosage , Animals , Humans , Male , Meningoencephalitis/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningoencephalitis/mortality , Middle Aged , Survival Rate , Thailand/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) which is caused by free-living amoeba, Naegleria fowleri, is a rare disease. We report the fifth case in Thailand in order to add more information. The patient was a previously healthy 4 1/2-year-old girl from Nakhon Pathom province. For several weeks before this illness she had swum in a water supply canal. She developed high fever with change in consciousness. Her cerebrospinal fluid contained numerous Naegleria fowleri which grew in culture media and mice inoculation. She did not respond to treatment with intravenous and intraventricular amphotericin B, and oral rifampicin. She died on the fifth day of illness. Water sample from the canal also grew N. fowleri. All five reported cases in Thailand were reviewed. It was found that none of them had been exposed to a common source. Four of the five cases were male, and four cases occurred during the summer months, March to May. These findings agree with worldwide information.
Subject(s)
Amebiasis , Meningoencephalitis/etiology , Adolescent , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Naegleria , ThailandSubject(s)
Amebiasis/pathology , Meningoencephalitis/pathology , Adolescent , Animals , Humans , Male , Meningoencephalitis/parasitology , NaegleriaSubject(s)
Trichostrongyloidiasis/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Feces/parasitology , Humans , Male , Ovum/ultrastructure , Thailand , Trichostrongylus/ultrastructureABSTRACT
A case of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria, from Sisaket province of Thailand is first reported. A 5-year old Thai with boy a history of swimming in a pond along a rice field before the onset of this illness, was admitted to the provincial hospital for chief complaints of headache, high fever, vomiting and drowsiness for 4 days. On admission he had convulsions and became comatosed with signs of meningeal irritation. The cerebrospinal fluid was similar to pyogenic meningitis but numerous amoebae were found and identified as Naegleria sp. Unfortunately, specific treatment was not administered promptly, the patient died 3 days after admission.
Subject(s)
Amebiasis , Meningoencephalitis/etiology , Amebiasis/diagnosis , Animals , Cerebrospinal Fluid/parasitology , Child, Preschool , Diagnostic Errors , Humans , Male , Swimming , ThailandABSTRACT
A case of Isospora belli infection in Thailand is reported. An 18 month-old Thai girl from a foster home was hospitalized for acute mucous diarrhoea. Immature oocysts of I. belli were detected in the stool examination by simple saline smear. The symptoms subsided spontaneously with the disappearance of parasite from the stools on the fifth day. The pathogenesis of mucous diarrhoea and the route of transmission was discussed.
Subject(s)
Coccidiosis/complications , Diarrhea, Infantile/etiology , Coccidiosis/parasitology , Coccidiosis/therapy , Diarrhea, Infantile/parasitology , Diarrhea, Infantile/therapy , Female , Humans , InfantABSTRACT
An immature male Dirofilaria repens was removed from a cystic mass in the eyelid of a 51-year-old woman employee of a rubber plantation in Phangnga Province, southern Thailand.
Subject(s)
Dirofilaria/anatomy & histology , Dirofilariasis/diagnosis , Eyelid Diseases/diagnosis , Eyelids/parasitology , Filarioidea/anatomy & histology , Dirofilariasis/parasitology , Eyelid Diseases/parasitology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , ThailandSubject(s)
Dirofilariasis/parasitology , Animals , Dirofilaria , Dirofilariasis/transmission , Female , HumansABSTRACT
Two cases of cysticercosis of the racemosus type found in the fourth ventricle of the brain are presented. The symptoms were blurred vision or loss of consciousness and increased intracranial pressure. The condition recurred several times in one patient in whom repeated operations to remove the cysts were required.
