Evaluation of clinical performance and survival rate of Straumann dental implants in Saudi Population based on cross-sectional study.

Risk indicators of peri-implantitis is still contradictory and somehow unclear in present literature therefore efforts should be done for better understanding of the exact etiology of peri-implant disease progression. The present study aimed to assess risk indicators associated with peri-implantitis by observing the changes in several periodontal parameters after implant placement. This cross-sectional study included 213 female and 271 male patients aged 26-87 years, who received 484 titanium implants (Straumann, Switzerland) at King Saud University's Dental College, Saudi Arabia. Patients were called for dental visits. During these visits; full clinical and radiographic assessment of implants were done. The periodontal pocket depth (PPD) was greater around implants placed at grafted sites than non-grafted sites and around bone-level implants than tissue-level implants. The plaque index (PI) was associated with poor oral hygiene. There was a strong association between graft (yes/no) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Patients with good oral hygiene showed high radiographic bone stability. Keratinized tissue width < 2 mm was associated with a higher PPD, higher PI, higher BOP, more edematous gingiva, and more exposed implant threads on radiography. In patients receiving implants, poor oral hygiene status and inadequate keratinized tissue level can be proposed as risk indicators for developing periimplantitis due to strong association found between them and developments of peri-implantitis.

Short-term improvement of clinical parameters and microbial diversity in periodontitis patients following Indocyanine green-based antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: A randomized single-blind split-mouth cohort.

BACKGROUND: Indocyanine green-mediated photodynamic therapy is effective against chronic periodontitis. Here, we evaluated the efficiency of indocyanine green-based adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis patients. METHODS: Fifty-six periodontally involved teeth of 20 patients were treated with "scaling and root planing" (control group) or "scaling and root planing with indocyanine green-based (perio-green, 0.1 mg/ml) antimicrobial photodynamic therapy" (test group) using a split-mouth design. We performed clinical assessment of probing depth, gingival recession, clinical attachment loss, and other indices, while plaque samples were collected for microbiome analysis. RESULTS: At baseline, periodontal depth and clinical attachment loss were significantly higher in the test group (p < 0.05), and at 1-month post-treatment, we observed a significant favorable reduction of both periodontal depth and clinical attachment loss in test and control sites, with lower means maintained at 3 months (p = 0.01 and p = 0.000, respectively). Additionally, analysis of variance showed significant improvements in periodontal depth and clinical attachment loss in the indocyanine green-antimicrobial photodynamic therapy group (p = 0.001), although not for clinical attachment loss in controls (p = 0.102). Moreover, a significant reduction was observed in test sites for bleeding on probing and residual pocket post-therapy (p = 0.04 and p = 0.0001 respectively). Furthermore, microbiome analysis identified Porphyromonons gingivalis, Treponema, and Tannerella in all samples with favorable changes in test sites (p = 0.07). CONCLUSION: We observed a significant reduction in periodontal clinical parameters (periodontal depth and clinical attachment loss) in chronic periodontitis patients treated with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunctive procedure to conventional scaling and root planing. This improvement was associated with periodontal pathogen reduction and increase in the healthy subgingival microbiome.

Effectiveness of beta-tricalcium phosphate in comparison with other materials in treating periodontal infra-bony defects around natural teeth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Beta-tricalcium phosphate in regenerative surgery has shown promising results in terms of bone gain and new vital bone formation; however, several studies have contradicted this finding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of beta-tricalcium phosphate compared to other grafting materials in the regeneration of periodontal infra-bony defects. METHODS: Electronic database (Cochrane, MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded) and manual searches for related data were performed up until March 2020. The outcomes were pocket depth reduction, clinical attachment level gain, and amount of bone fill. RESULTS: Five studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Bone regeneration with beta-tricalcium phosphate was observed to be superior to that with debridement alone but showed comparable results to other bone graft materials in terms of pocket depth reduction, clinical attachment level gain, and bone fill. Regenerative procedures for periodontal infra-bony defects that used beta-tricalcium phosphate in combination with other growth factors yielded superior outcomes. The meta-analysis revealed that for cases with two-wall defects, the use of beta-tricalcium phosphate yielded statistically significant differences in pocket depth reduction and clinical attachment level gain, but not in bone fill. CONCLUSIONS: Beta-tricalcium phosphate appears to be a promising material for use in periodontal infra-bony defect regeneration around natural teeth. However, randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes and more controlled study designs are needed to support these findings.