ABSTRACT
During the mass measles/rubella vaccination campaign in 2003 in Iran, many pregnant women were vaccinated mistakenly or became pregnant within 1 month of vaccination. To distinguish pregnant women who were affected by rubella vaccine as primary infection from those who had rubella reinfection from the vaccine, serum samples were collected 1-3 months after the campaign from 812 pregnant women. IgG avidity assay showed that 0.3% of the women had no rubella-specific IgG response; 14.4% had low-avidity anti-rubella IgG and were therefore not immune to rubella before vaccination; 85.3% had high-avidity anti-rubella IgG and were regarded as cases of reinfection.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Immunoenzyme Techniques/methods , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , Rubella Vaccine/adverse effects , Rubella virus/immunology , Rubella/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Antibody Affinity/immunology , Chi-Square Distribution , Female , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques/standards , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Iran/epidemiology , Mass Vaccination/adverse effects , Mass Vaccination/methods , Medical Errors/statistics & numerical data , Predictive Value of Tests , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/blood , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/immunology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology , Rubella/blood , Rubella/immunology , Rubella/virology , Rubella Vaccine/immunology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
During the mass measles/rubella vaccination campaign in 2003 in Iran, many pregnant women were vaccinated mistakenly or became pregnant within 1 month of vaccination. To distinguish pregnant women who were affected by rubella vaccine as primary infection from those who had rubella reinfection from the vaccine, serum samples were collected 1-3 months after the campaign from 812 pregnant women. IgG avidity assay showed that 0.3% of the women had no rubella-specific IgG response; 14.4% had low-avidity anti-rubella IgG and were therefore not immune to rubella before vaccination; 85.3% had high-avidity antirubella IgG and were regarded as cases of reinfection
Subject(s)
Immunoglobulin G , Pregnancy , Rubella , Antibody Affinity , Rubella VaccineABSTRACT
In this study in the Islamic Republic of Iran 365 measles cases were evaluated to distinguish between primary infection with measles and reinfection due to secondary vaccine failure. All cases previously confirmed by detection of specific IgM were tested for IgG avidity. A secondary immune response was seen in 18.4% of patients. All unvaccinated patients (16.7%) showed a primary immune response. Of 244 patients with documented vaccination, 75.8% showed a primary immune response and 24.2% showed a secondary immune response, thereby indicating a secondary vaccine failure. Almost all measles reinfections (99%) were seen in patients >10 years old, indicating that vaccination for 10-year-old children is recommended.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/blood , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Measles Vaccine/adverse effects , Measles virus/immunology , Measles/diagnosis , Measles/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Antibody Affinity , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Health Services Needs and Demand , Humans , Immunization, Secondary , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Iran/epidemiology , Mass Vaccination/adverse effects , Measles/blood , Measles/epidemiology , Measles/immunology , Measles/prevention & control , Measles Vaccine/immunology , Recurrence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Treatment Failure , Urban Health/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
In this study in the Islamic Republic of Iran 365 measles cases were evaluated to distinguish between primary infection with measles and reinfection due to secondary vaccine failure. All cases previously confirmed by detection of specific IgM were tested for IgG avidity. A secondary immune response was seen in 18.4% of patients. All unvaccinated patients [16.7%] showed a primary immune response. Of 244 patients with documented vaccination, 75.8% showed a primary immune response and 24.2% showed a secondary immune response, thereby indicating a secondary vaccine failure. Almost all measles reinfections [99%] were seen in patients >10 years old, indicating that vaccination for 10- year- old children is recommended