ABSTRACT
Spray layer-by-layer assembly is used to create hemostatic films containing thrombin and tannic acid. The spray assembly technique enables coating of porous and absorbent commercial gelatin sponges with these films. Coated sponges are able to promote instantaneous hemostasis in a porcine spleen bleeding model.
Subject(s)
Hemostatics/chemistry , Animals , Gelatin/chemistry , Hemostasis/drug effects , Hemostatics/pharmacology , Hydrogen Bonding , Polyphenols/chemistry , Static Electricity , Swine , Tannins/chemistry , Thrombin/chemistry , Water/chemistryABSTRACT
LNA guanine and 2,6-diaminopurine (D) phosphoramidites have been synthesized as building blocks for antisense oligonucleotides (ON). The effects of incorporating LNA D into ON were investigated. As expected, LNA D containing ON showed increased affinity towards complementary DNA (Delta Tm +1.6 to +3.0 degrees C) and RNA (Delta Tm +2.6 to +4.6 degrees C) ON. To evaluate if LNA D containing ON have an enhanced mismatch sensitivity compared to their complementary LNA A containing ON thermal denaturation experiments towards singly mismatched DNA and RNA ON were undertaken. Replacing one LNA A residue with LNA D, in fully LNA modified ON, resulted in higher mismatch sensitivity towards DNA ON (Delta Delta Tm -4 to >-17 degrees C). The same trend was observed towards singly mismatched RNA ON (Delta Delta Tm D-a = -8.7 degrees C and D-g = -4.5 degrees C) however, the effect was less clearcut and LNA A showed a better mismatch sensitivity than LNA D towards cytosine (Delta Tm +5.5 degrees C).
