Effect of different types of supervised exercise programs on cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, pain, fatigue, mental health and inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in older patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae "EJerSA-COVID-19": a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Many patients with COVID-19 present the so-called post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 such as fatigue, post-stress discomfort, dyspnea, headache, pain mental impairment, incapacity to perform daily physical tasks ant exercise intolerance. This study aims to investigate the effects of different exercise programs on physical and mental fitness, physical condition and biomarkers of the immune system and oxidative stress in older patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. METHODS: The sample will be made up of 120 eligible participants, over the age of 60 years who have had COVID-19 disease and are survivors and present persistent COVID-19 symptomatology diagnosed by the corresponding physician. The participants will be randomly assigned to the experimental groups: supervised endurance group (SEG, n = 30), supervised strength group (SSG, n = 30), supervised concurrent group (SCG, n = 30), which will perform the corresponding exercise program 3 days a week compared to the control group (CG, n = 30), which will not carry out a supervised exercise program. The design of this project will include measurements of four relevant dimensions; 1) Cardiorespiratory fitness; 2) Muscle fitness; 3) Pain and mental health; and 4) Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study will provide insights into the effects of different exercise programs on physical and mental fitness, physical condition and biomarkers of the immune system and oxidative stress in older patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. These findings may be the basis for the formulation of health plans and rehabilitation programs that allow healthy aging and a reduction in the associated morbidity in patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT05848518. Registered on May 8, 2023.

Nursing evaluation of pediatric preoperative anxiety: a qualitative study / Avaliação de enfermagem da ansiedade pré-operatória pediátrica: um estudo qualitativo? / Evaluación enfermera de la ansiedad prequirúrgica pediátrica: estudio cualitativo

Abstract Objective: to explore and describe how perioperative nurses assess and interpret the child's behavior before entering the operating room, identifying the strategies they use to reduce anxiety and the proposals for improvements. Method: descriptive qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and participant observation of daily routines. Thematic analysis of data. This study follows the recommended criteria for publication of articles of the qualitative methodology Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Results: four topics emerged from the data: a) assessment of anxiety or close communication with the child and their family; b) evaluating what was observed; c) managing anxiety and d) improving the assessment or proposals for improvements in daily practice. Conclusion: nurses assess anxiety in their daily practice through observation using their clinical judgment. The nurse's experience is decisive for the appropriate assessment of the preoperative anxiety in child. Insufficient time between waiting and entering the operating room, lack of information from child and their parents about the surgical procedure, and parental anxiety make it difficult to assess and properly manage anxiety.

Resumo Objetivo: explorar e descrever como as enfermeiras perioperatórias avaliam e interpretam o comportamento da criança antes de entrar na sala de cirurgia, identificando as estratégias que utilizam para minimizar a ansiedade e as propostas de melhoria. Método: estudo qualitativo descritivo utilizando entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação participante das rotinas diárias. Análise temática dos dados. O estudo segue os critérios recomendados para publicação de artigos da metodologia qualitativa Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Resultados: quatro temas emergiram dos dados: a) avaliação da ansiedade ou comunicação próxima com a criança e sua família; b) analisando o que foi observado; c) controlando a ansiedade e d) melhorando a avaliação ou propostas de melhoria na prática diária. Conclusão: as enfermeiras avaliam a ansiedade em sua prática diária por meio da observação e usando julgamento clínico. A experiência da enfermeira é decisiva na avaliação adequada da ansiedade pré-operatória da criança. A falta de tempo entre a espera e o momento de entrar na sala de cirurgia, a escassez de informação que a criança e os pais têm sobre o processo cirúrgico e a ansiedade dos pais, dificultam a avaliação e o controle adequado da ansiedade.

Resumen Objetivo: explorar y describir cómo las enfermeras perioperatorias evalúan e interpretan el comportamiento del niño antes de entrar a quirófano, identificando las estrategias que utilizan para minimizar la ansiedad y las propuestas de mejora. Método: estudio cualitativo descriptivo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación participante de las rutinas diarias. Análisis temático de los datos. El estudio sigue las recomendaciones de criterios para la publicación de artículos de metodología cualitativa Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Resultados: cuatro temas surgieron de los datos: a) evaluación de la ansiedad o comunicación estrecha con el niño y su familia; b) valorando lo observado; c) manejando la ansiedad y d) mejorando la evaluación o propuestas de mejora para la práctica diaria. Conclusión: enfermeras evalúan la ansiedad en su práctica diaria de forma observacional utilizando el juicio clínico. La experiencia de la enfermera es determinante en la adecuada evaluación de la ansiedad prequirúrgica del niño. La falta de tiempo entre la espera y el momento de entrar a quirófano, la mala información que tiene el niño y los padres sobre el proceso quirúrgico y la ansiedad de los padres dificultan la evaluación y el manejo correcto de la ansiedad.

Nursing evaluation of pediatric preoperative anxiety: a qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE: to explore and describe how perioperative nurses assess and interpret the child's behavior before entering the operating room, identifying the strategies they use to reduce anxiety and the proposals for improvements. METHOD: descriptive qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and participant observation of daily routines. Thematic analysis of data. This study follows the recommended criteria for publication of articles of the qualitative methodology Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. RESULTS: four topics emerged from the data: a) assessment of anxiety or close communication with the child and their family; b) evaluating what was observed; c) managing anxiety and d) improving the assessment or proposals for improvements in daily practice. CONCLUSION: nurses assess anxiety in their daily practice through observation using their clinical judgment. The nurse's experience is decisive for the appropriate assessment of the preoperative anxiety in child. Insufficient time between waiting and entering the operating room, lack of information from child and their parents about the surgical procedure, and parental anxiety make it difficult to assess and properly manage anxiety.

Adaptación transcultural de la escala Induction Compliance Checklist para la evaluación del comportamiento del niño durante la inducción de la anestesia / Transcultural adaptation into Spanish of the Induction Compliance Checklist for assessing children's behaviour during induction of anaesthesia

OBJETIVO: Adaptar al español la escala de evaluación del comportamiento del niño durante la inducción anestésica Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC). MÉTODO: Estudio observacional de validación realizado a una muestra de 81 niños de 2 a 12 años operados en una Unidad de Cirugía Ambulatoria de un hospital pediátrico de Barcelona. Adaptación por el método de traducción-retrotraducción de la herramienta y análisis de validez y fiabilidad de la escala. RESULTADOS: Se garantizó la validez aparente de la herramienta mediante un grupo de discusión y se evaluó la fiabilidad interobservadores; el índice de correlación intraclase obtenido fue de r = 0,956. CONCLUSIONES: La escala ICC validada para la población española puede ser una herramienta eficaz para la evaluación de las actividades prequirúrgicas que se realizan para minimizar la ansiedad de los niños. La ICC es una escala fácil de usar y de completar por el personal de quirófano y que aportaría gran información en cuanto al comportamiento del niño durante la inducción anestésica

OBJECTIVE: Cross-cultural adaptation into Spanish of the Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC) for assessing children's behaviour during induction of anaesthesia. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was conducted on a sample of 81 children aged 2 to 12 years operated in an ambulatory surgery unit of a paediatric hospital in Barcelona. Adaptation by translation-back translation of the tool and analysis of the scale's validity and reliability. RESULTS: Face validity of the tool was guaranteed through a discussion group and inter-observer reliability was evaluated, obtaining an intraclass correlation index of r = 0.956. CONCLUSIONS: The ICC scale validated for the Spanish population can be an effective tool for the presurgical evaluation of activities carried out to minimise children's anxiety. The ICC is an easy-to-use scale completed by operating room staff in one minute and would provide important information about children's behaviour, specifically during induction

Transcultural adaptation into Spanish of the Induction Compliance Checklist for assessing children's behaviour during induction of anaesthesia. / Adaptación transcultural de la escala Induction Compliance Checklist para la evaluación del comportamiento del niño durante la inducción de la anestesia.

OBJECTIVE: Cross-cultural adaptation into Spanish of the Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC) for assessing children's behaviour during induction of anaesthesia. METHOD: A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was conducted on a sample of 81 children aged 2 to 12 years operated in an ambulatory surgery unit of a paediatric hospital in Barcelona. Adaptation by translation-back translation of the tool and analysis of the scale's validity and reliability. RESULTS: Face validity of the tool was guaranteed through a discussion group and inter-observer reliability was evaluated, obtaining an intraclass correlation index of r = 0.956. CONCLUSIONS: The ICC scale validated for the Spanish population can be an effective tool for the presurgical evaluation of activities carried out to minimise children's anxiety. The ICC is an easy-to-use scale completed by operating room staff in one minute and would provide important information about children's behaviour, specifically during induction.

Colaborar con África: la experiencia del retorno / Work with Africa: The experience of returning

El Hospital de San Juan de Dios colabora desde 2002 con el St. John of God Hospital en Mabesseneh (Sierra Leona) cuando éste retoma la actividad asistencial tras la guerra civil del 1991. Parte de la colaboración consiste en enviar cada dos meses un pediatra y una enfermera. Todos estos profesionales inician el proyecto con un concepto de salud occidental, con ideas de cambio... Al volver ¿Qué ha sucedido? ¿Han cambiado el mundo africano o éste les ha cambiado? De estos interrogantes parte nuestra investigación. Metodología: Se realizaron entrevistas no directivas a siete enfermeras colaboradoras con el programa. El enfoque utilizado en esta investigación es el fenomenológico. Los datos se analizaron mediante el enfoque de Taylor y Bogdan para el análisis de datos cualitativos.Resultados: las personas entrevistadas dicen que aprendes a valorar lo que existe en el mundo occidental. La práctica enfermera al principio parece que cambia, pero el ser humano se adapta al entorno tanto cuando uno llega a África como cuando retorna. La impregnación de estas experiencias construye la persona. Encontramos escasas diferencias en personas que han ido más de una vez.Conclusiones: Las experiencias de cada persona pueden ser muy distintas teniendo en cuenta los objetivos de los que se parte. Al igual que la impregnación de lo vivido. Pero sí se hace evidente que, tras el tiempo pasado, el cambio en la práctica asistencial no es significativo (AU)

The Hospital de San Juan de Dios collaborates since 2002 with the Hospital from St. John of God Hospital in Mabesseneh (Sierra Leone) when the last resumed its activity after the Civil war of 1991. A part of this collaboration consists in sending a nurse and a paediatrician every two months. All these professional start the project with a "Western" concept of Health, with some ideas of change.... When they are back at home... What has happened? Have they changed the African world or has it changed then? These are the main questions where our investigation comes from.Methodology: Non-directive interviews to seven nurses who had collaborated with the program. The obtained data were analysed by using The Taylor and Bogdan's method for the analysis of qualitative data.Results: The interviewed people affirm that, after the experience, one learns to appreciate what is available in the Western World. At the beginning it looks as if the nursery practice changes but, indeed, the human beings can adapt themselves to the environment either when arriving to Africa or when departing from. The imprint of these experiences makes the person. Very little differences are observed for people who have travelled more than once.Discussion-Conclusions: The experiences of each individual can be very different having in mind the objectives initially planned. The same can be said for the imprint of these experiences. But it is clear that, after a quite short time, any change in the nursing practice is not significant (AU)